Structural Characteristics and Evolution of a Weighted Sino-US Container Shipping Network

This study selected the Sino-US route data from the top 30 global container liner companies between December 1,2019,and December 29,2019,as the data source utilizing the complex network research methodology.It constructs a Sino-US container shipping network through voyage weighting and analyzes the essential structural characteristics to explore the network’s complex structural fea-tures.The network’s evolution is examined from three perspectives,namely,time,space,and event influence,aiming to comprehens-ively explore the network’s evolution mechanism.The results revealed that:1)the weighted Sino-US container shipping network exhib-its small-world and scale-free properties.Key hub ports in the United States include NEW YORK NY,SAVANNAH GA,LOS ANGELES CA,and OAKLAND CA,whereas SHANGHAI serving as the hub port in China.The geographical distribution of these hub ports is uneven.2)Concerning the evolution of the weighted Sino-US container shipping network,from a temporal perspective,the evolution of the regional structure of the entire Sino-US region and the Inland United States is in a stage of radiative expansion and de-velopment,with a need for further enhancement in competitiveness and development speed.The evolution of the regional structure of southern China and Europe is transitioning from the stage of radiative expansion and development to an advanced equilibrium stage.The shipping development in Northern China,the Western and Eastern United States,and Asia is undergoing significant changes but faces challenges of fierce competition and imbalances.From a spatial perspective,the rationality and effectiveness of the improved weighted Barrat-Barthelemy-Vespignani(BBV)model are confirmed through theoretical derivation.The applicability of the improved evolution model is verified by simulating the evolution of the weighted Sino-US container shipping network.From an event impact per-spective,the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has not fundamentally affected the spatial pattern of the weighted Sino-US container shipping network but has significantly impacted the network’s connectivity.The network lacks sufficient resilience and stability in emergency situations.3)Based on the analysis of the structural characteristics and evolution of the weighted Sino-US con-tainer shipping network,recommendations for network development are proposed from three aspects:emphasizing the development of hub ports,focusing on the balanced development of the network,and optimizing the layout of Chinese ports.

Molecular weight determination of a newly synthesized guanidinylated disulfide-containing poly(amido amine) by gel permeation chromatography

A cationic gene delivery vector, guanidinylated disulfide-containing poly(amido amine)(CARCBA), was synthesized by Michael addition reaction between N,N′-cystaminebisacrylamide(CBA) and guanidine hydrochloride(CAR). Gel permeation chromatography(GPC) was used to evaluate the molecular weight of synthesized CAR-CBA. Polyethyleneimine(PEI) with molecular weight of 25 kDa was adopted as a reference, and polyethylene glycols(PEG) with different molecular weights were used to establish a standard curve for determining the molecular weight of CAR-CBA. The effects of two critical factors, namely columns and eluents,on the molecular weight measurement of CAR-CBA were investigated to optimize the GPC quantitative method. The results showed that Ultrahydrogel columns(120, 250) and HAc–NaAc(0.5 M, pH 4.5) buffer solution were the optimal column and GPC eluent, respectively.The molecular weight of the synthesized CAR-CBA was analyzed by the optimized GPC method and determined to be 24.66 kDa.

The Digital Fingerprinting Method for Static Images Based on Weighted Hamming Metric and on Weighted Container Model

The algorithm of fingerprint constructing for still images based on weighted image structure model is proposed. The error correcting codes that are perfect in weighted Hamming metric are used as a base for fingerprint constructing.

Development of Light Weight Structures to Provide Blast-Resistant Designs

In the past, blast-resistant designs for structures were often constructed with massive type structural systems, which relied more on brute strength than on finesse to achieve the required blast resistance. However, structures composed of COLD-FORMED steel components, such as sheet metal and metal studs, have shown great promise in providing blast resistance with the added benefits of low cost and ease of construction. Some examples of using such structures to provide containment for package handling facilities (PHF) are described in the paper for situations where blast containment is needed, such as a potential package bomb being discovered during the package vetting process. Results from tests and analytic data are used to illustrate aspects of design peculiar to such types of applications. Designs for specific capacities of PHF are described.

LNG运输船NO96薄膜型围护系统设计更迭分析

结合某造船企业20余年来的大型液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)运输船设计和建造情况,回顾其NO96 PERLITE、NO96 GW、NO96 L03+和NO96 SUPER+等4种液货舱围护系统的发展过程,比较日蒸发率、绝缘层强度和绝缘层重量等关键技术指标的设计更迭,分析不同围护系统的绝缘层强度与绝缘层重量之间的关系。研究发现:NO96薄膜型围护系统的日蒸发率已从最初的0.150%降低至当前的0.085%;通过对系统的材料和结构型式进行改进,使得其重量不断减轻,强度不断提升。研究成果可供同类型液货舱围护系统的设计和优化参考。

Sulfi de ore prospecting in carbon-containing stratum using comprehensive time-domain induced polarization and controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics

Carbon-bearing stratum normally features low resistance and high polarization.If the lithostratigraphy of the exploration area contains large amounts of carbon,the induced polarization anomaly caused by metal sulfide ore bodies will be inundated by the high polarization of carbon-containing wall rock.In this work,we adopted time-domain induced polarization(TDIP)and controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics(CSAMT)on deep prospecting of the carbon-bearing stratum of the Ar Horqin Banner,Inner Mongolia.The underground medium is divided into target geologic bodies according to the geological information within the known exploration line borehole,and the physical properties of various target geologic bodies are calculated using weighted averages to build a geologic-geophysical model that can fit the observation data.Consequently,we can determine the range and morphological characteristics of the electrical properties of the ore-bearing geologic bodies in the inversion results in the study area.Then we can use the characteristics summarized from the known exploration line to interpret unknown exploration line.Results indicated that,when the diff erence in physical properties between the ore body and interference wall rock is not clear,the geologic body can be classifi ed via the paragenetic(associated)assemblage relations of the underground medium.Geological interpretation is guided by the comprehensive physical properties of ore-bearing geologic bodies to avoid interferences.

Quality and Shelf Life of Lisboa Lemon within Polystyrene Containers in Refrigerated Chamber

The aim of this research was to knowing if it would improve the shelf life of the lemons that were stored in hermetically polystyrene containers closed, as same that were placed in a refrigerated chamber with temperature of 10°C inside, high relative humidity (85%) and renovation of the air by action of the compressor of the chamber. Lemons cv “Lisboa” were cut directly from the orchard and washed with chlorinated water at 150 mg⋅L−1 sodium hypochlorite. The study variables were the color of the epicarp (shell) and the endocarp (pulp), polar and equatorial diameter, firmness of the pulp and total soluble solids concentration (°Brix) in the endocarp. The tone and purity of the yellow color of the shell (epicarp) and pulp or endocarp of the oranges increased significantly within polystyrene containers and, consequently, its quality was preserved and its shelf life was extended to more than 100 days without that they have symptoms of deterioration, by losses polar and equatorial diameter or decrease in total soluble solids. Inside closed containers polystyrene the temperature decreased to 2.0°C in the refrigerated chamber, so that the principle of thermal insulation polystyrene reaffirmed, and its functionality for packaging products, such as fruits, resolve some of their physiological problems themselves, to prolong its shelf life and improve its presentation.

考虑碳排放成本的铁路集装箱快递班列开行方案

针对我国目前快递公路运输方式占比过高,而导致的道路交通需求过大、运输成本、碳排放过高等问题,研究了“双碳”目标下铁路集装箱快递班列方案。考虑运输距离、快递量、快递网点数量、物流产业占GDP比重等因素,运用熵权法确定集装箱快递班列始发站和到达站。根据公路直达运输和调运至铁路车站2种形式,构建包括始发站、调运站和到达站的铁路集装箱快递班列运输网络。为确定集装箱快递运输直达方案、调运方案及采用的运输方式,建立了铁路集装箱快递班列开行方案的整数规划模型。为确定集装箱快递班列合理的列车编组数量及铁路经济运距,该模型以运输成本、调运成本和碳排放成本最小为目标,不仅综合了快递运量、时间约束以及列车开行条件等因素,而且考虑了快递货物的调运流程。此外,该模型还引入了碳排放系数、碳交易价格等要素,以计算碳排放成本。以长三角地区快递货流集散为例进行了实证分析,结果表明:铁路集装箱快递班列开行方案以直达运输为主,调运方式为辅;运输方式按照载货量及铁路经济运距划分铁路运输为主,公路运输为辅;列车合理编组范围为25~40辆,且列车编组数量过高和过低均不具有优势;设定铁路运输速度120 km/h的条件下,铁路经济运距以400 km为宜;科学设计时间窗约束亦能优化铁路集装箱快递班列开行方案。与现行公路运输相比,本研究所得方案的运输成本和碳排放成本均明显降低,运输时效性亦能够得到保证。

基于空闲率权重的容器云多维资源调度方法

针对当前容器云多维资源评价方法精准性低、负载均衡差以及调度速度慢的问题,提出一种基于空闲率权重的容器云多维资源调度方法,通过量化CPU与内存,获取容器云的运行现状与容器架构,凭借云内节点累计资源任务运行速度与历史记录,构建容器云多维资源综合评价模型,以容器云节点所能够支持的多维资源规模,评价当前容器云负载性能,得到其空闲率权重,将队列非空容器的空闲率权重按照从小到大顺序排序,构建容器最小与最大负载排序资源调度策略。实验证明,所提方法处理后容器云多维资源评价方法精准性高、负载均衡强以及调度速度快。

烧结烟气脱硫石膏含碳球团还原脱硫实验研究

基于含碳球团减重还原实验,研究了还原剂摩尔比、反应温度、气氛、添加剂对脱硫石膏还原脱硫的影响。还原实验结果表明,脱硫石膏含碳球团还原脱硫最适宜的工艺参数是n(C)/n(CaSO_(4))为0.5~0.6,反应温度1 150℃,H_(2)气氛,添加剂的作用不明显。综合实验结果表明,扩大实验量级不会降低含碳球团脱硫石膏的脱硫效果,由此可指导扩大试验。

基于改进秃鹰搜索算法的Kubernetes资源调度应用

Kubernetes是一个管理容器化应用的开源平台,其默认的调度算法在优选阶段仅把CPU和内存两种资源来作为计算节点的评分指标,同时还忽略了不同类型的Pod对节点资源的占用比例是不同的,容易导致某一资源达到性能瓶颈,从而造成节点对资源使用失衡.针对上述问题,本文在Kubernetes原有的资源指标基础上增加了带宽和磁盘容量,考虑到CPU、内存、带宽和磁盘容量这4类资源在节点上的占用比例对节点的性能的影响,可能造成Pod中应用的非正常运行,甚至杀死Pod,从而影响集群整体的高可靠性.本文将等待创建的Pod区分为可压缩消耗型、不可压缩消耗型以及均衡型,并为每种类型的Pod设置相应的权重,最后通过改进的秃鹰搜索算法(TBESK)来寻找出最优节点进行调度.实验结果表明,随着集群中Pod的数量在不断增加,在集群负载较大的情况下,TBESK算法的综合负载标准差和默认的调度算法相比提升了24%.

基于能源生命周期的港口集卡减排策略研究

根据能源的使用和排放特征评估集卡的减排策略,对于港口的绿色可持续发展具有重要的意义。基于集卡的能源生产结构和运输过程,对GREET模型的排放因子数据库进行了本地化修正,从生命周期的角度模拟分析了集卡的能源消耗、大气污染物和温室气体排放特征,并通过熵权TOPSIS法对七种减排策略情景进行了评估。结果表明,液化天然气在运行期间的低排放优势因燃料生产运输阶段的高排放和高能耗而削弱,推进“油改电”策略更符合绿色港口建设的需求。

考虑动态加权A星算法的预翻箱作业优化

为改善堆场作业效率,提出考虑堆场翻箱位规则的集装箱预翻箱作业优化模型并使用动态加权A星算法进行求解,进而确定满足作业规则限制的最优移动序列。基于集装箱装船过程的预翻箱作业,将预翻箱作业过程的贝位布局抽象为A星算法的状态节点,以错误堆叠箱和翻箱迭代深度计算总成本函数,引入动态加权因子控制翻箱迭代方向,提出新颖的搜索分支规则选择有效分支进行搜索。通过上海港码头和相关文献的算例进行实验,结果表明,设计的动态加权启发式函数能够有效改善寻优过程中跳出局部最优解的能力,验证了考虑堆场运作规则-翻箱位规则的算法有效性和稳定性。研究成果能够普遍适用于作业工艺和贝位布局不同的集装箱码头预翻箱作业,能够为堆场运作优化提供决策参考。

含铜钢高温氧化增重行为

通过对含铜钢进行高温氧化实验,发现含铜钢的氧化增重与氧化时间的关系呈抛物线规律,即含铜钢具有高温抗氧化能力,其高温氧化行为符合瓦格纳金属氧化理论.同时,通过高温实验,获得了不同温度下含铜钢氧化增重与氧化时间的关系式,关系式中系数值与含铜钢在不同温度下的高温氧化程度相关.

孕妇胎盘多巴胺D2受体、锚蛋白重复和激酶域1表达与妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿的关系

目的探究妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇胎盘组织中多巴胺D2受体(DRD2)、锚蛋白重复和激酶域1(ANKK1)的表达情况,及二者与GDM巨大儿的关系。方法选取2018年3月至2020年12月在西北妇女儿童医院足月分娩的185例孕妇为研究对象,按照孕妇是否存在GDM、新生儿是否为巨大儿分为对照组(无GDM、新生儿体质量正常)、正常巨大儿组、GDM正常体质量组及GDM巨大儿组。分别采用免疫组化法及qRT-PCR法检测胎盘组织中DRD2、ANKK1蛋白及mRNA表达,并采用Pearson法分析DRD2、ANKK1表达与GDM巨大儿的相关性,采用logistic回归分析影响GDM孕妇生产巨大儿的因素。结果对照组、正常巨大儿组、GDM正常体质量组、GDM巨大儿组胎盘组织中DRD2蛋白阳性率分别为87.76%(43/49)、74.47%(35/47)、62.22%(28/45)、52.27%(23/44),DRD2 mRNA分别为(1.03±0.06)、(0.86±0.14)、(0.71±0.15)、(0.58±0.11),四组胎盘组织中DRD2蛋白阳性率及mRNA水平由高到低分别是对照组、正常巨大儿组、GDM正常体质量组和GDM巨大儿组,四组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且DRD2 mRNA水平组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组、正常巨大儿组、GDM正常体质量组、GDM巨大儿组胎盘组织中ANKK1蛋白阳性率分别为44.90%(22/49)、59.57%(28/47)、71.11%(32/45)、81.82%(36/44),ANKK1 mRNA分别为1.01±0.05、1.24±0.27、1.53±0.39、1.82±0.46,四组胎盘组织中ANKK1蛋白阳性率及mRNA水平由高到低分别是GDM巨大儿组、GDM正常体质量组、正常巨大儿组和对照组,四组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且ANKK1 mRNA水平组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,胎盘组织中DRD2表达与新生儿体质量呈负相关(r=-0.32,P=0.021),ANKK1表达与新生儿体质量呈正相关(r=0.34,P=0.016)。logistic回归分析结果显示,DRD2 mRNA、ANKK1mRNA均为GDM孕妇生产巨大儿的影响因素。结论GDM孕妇胎盘组织中DRD2呈低表达,ANKK1呈高表达,二者水平均与新生儿体质量相关。

新建集装箱船空船重量控制关键技术分析

船舶重量重心控制在船舶生产设计和建造过程中起着关键作用,不仅能确保船舶的结构强度,还能够保持船舶在各种航行条件下的稳定性。本文围绕新建集装箱船的空船重量控制关键技术,从重量重心控制目标入手,分析了空船的重心位置控制和重心高度控制,讨论了设计阶段控制措施和建造阶段控制措施。立足于超差管理,分析了超差管理体系建立和重量超差问题的处理,进一步讨论了关键技术对船舶结构强度的影响,以及舱段结构设计保证。希望本文对其他船厂在船舶建造过程中的重量重心控制具有一定的借鉴意义。

基于后悔理论的西南油气田含硫管道运行风险评价研究

为了对西南油气田含硫管道运行风险进行合理评价,克服传统评价方法存在的主观性过强问题,引入了一种基于组合赋权和后悔理论的综合性评价方法。首先根据西南油气田含硫管道的基本特点确定风险评价指标体系,使用改进层次分析法和熵权法分别确定各指标的主观权重和客观权重,以此为依据建立基于后悔理论的含硫管道风险评估模型。以西南油气田某含硫管道为例进行案例评价,并将基于后悔理论的评价结果与多种评价方法进行对比,以验证基于后悔理论的含硫管道运行风险评价结果的准确性。研究表明,基于后悔理论的含硫管道运行风险评价结果与其他类型成熟模型的评价结果基本一致且更加接近实际风险值,该种风险评价方法可以克服传统方法存在主观性过强的问题。

藻细胞破碎释放有机物的特性

对含藻水及藻细胞破碎条件下水样中有机物的分子质量分布、吸光度(UV)、总有机碳(TOC)进行了研究.结果表明,含藻水及其藻体细胞破碎后水样中有机物可划分为5个分子质量群,平均分子质量分别为8785.254,4476.826,3880.367,2968.352,1522.776u;藻体细胞破碎后向水体中释放带有双键基团的有机物,随破碎时间的延长,水样UV260值增加;藻体细胞破碎后,主要溶出平均分子质量为8785.254u的大分子有机物,使水样TOC值随破碎时间的增加而增加.

熵权值模糊综合评判法在港口竞争力评价中的应用

通过对影响集装箱运输的各种因素进行深入分析,建立了评价集装箱港市场竞争力的指标体系。运用熵权值的方法确定各个指标的评价权重值,建立多级模糊综合评判模型。通过该模型对集装箱港口的市场竞争力进行评价,该模型在实际应用中取锝了较好的效果。

以含氟自由基为引发剂制备超高相对分子质量聚丙烯腈

以含氟自由基为引发剂，利用本体聚合或加入一定量的溶剂聚合并进行后处理，合成了（Ｍｗ）为（５．０～９．０）×１０５，转化率达６０％的超高相对分子质量ＰＡＮ。系统地研究了各种实验条件以及不同单体浓度及后处理对聚合结果的影响，对这一新型的引发剂进行了初步研究。