In this paper, we consider the perturbation analysis of linear time-invariant systems, which arise from the linear optimal control in continuous-time. We provide a method to compute condition numbers of continuous-tim...In this paper, we consider the perturbation analysis of linear time-invariant systems, which arise from the linear optimal control in continuous-time. We provide a method to compute condition numbers of continuous-time linear time-invariant systems. It solves the perturbed linear time-invariant systems via Riccati differential equations and continuous-time algebraic Riccati equations in finite and infinite time horizons. We derive the explicit expressions of measuring the perturbation bounds of condition numbers with respect to the solution of the linear time-invariant systems. Furthermore, condition numbers and their upper bounds of Riccati differential equations and continuous-time algebraic Riccati equations are also discussed. Numerical simulations show the sharpness of the perturbation bounds computed via the proposed methods.展开更多
In this paper,a new parallel controller is developed for continuous-time linear systems.The main contribution of the method is to establish a new parallel control law,where both state and control are considered as the...In this paper,a new parallel controller is developed for continuous-time linear systems.The main contribution of the method is to establish a new parallel control law,where both state and control are considered as the input.The structure of the parallel control is provided,and the relationship between the parallel control and traditional feedback controls is presented.Considering the situations that the systems are controllable and incompletely controllable,the properties of the parallel control law are analyzed.The parallel controller design algorithms are given under the conditions that the systems are controllable and incompletely controllable.Finally,numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the present method.Index Terms-Continuous-time linear systems,digital twin,parallel controller,parallel intelligence,parallel systems.展开更多
In traditional system identification (SI), actual values of system parameters are concealed in the input and output data;hence, it is necessary to apply estimation methods to determine the parameters. In signal proces...In traditional system identification (SI), actual values of system parameters are concealed in the input and output data;hence, it is necessary to apply estimation methods to determine the parameters. In signal processing, a signal with N elements must be sampled at least N times. Thus, most SI methods use N or more sample data to identify a model with N parameters;however, this can be improved by a new sampling theory called compressive sensing (CS). Based on CS, an SI method called compressive measurement identification (CMI) is proposed for reducing the data needed for estimation, by measuring the parameters using a series of linear measurements, rather than the measurements in sequence. In addition, the accuracy of the measurement process is guaranteed by a criterion called the restrict isometric principle. Simulations demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of CMI in an underdetermined case. Further, the dynamic process of a DC motor is identified experimentally, establishing that CMI can shorten the identification process and increase the prediction accuracy.展开更多
Vessels,especially very large or ultra large crude carriers(VLCCs or ULCCs),often can only dock and leave the berth during high tide periods to prevent being stranded.Unfortunately,the current crude scheduling models ...Vessels,especially very large or ultra large crude carriers(VLCCs or ULCCs),often can only dock and leave the berth during high tide periods to prevent being stranded.Unfortunately,the current crude scheduling models do not take into account tidal conditions,which will seriously affect the feasibility of crude schedule.So we first focus on the docking and leaving operations under the tidal actions,and establish a new hybrid continuous-time mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model which incorporates global event based formulation and unit-specific event based formulation.Upon considering that the multiple blending of crude oil can easily cause the production fluctuating,there are some reasonable assumptions that storage tanks can only store pure crude,and charging tanks just can be refilled after being emptied,which helps us obtain a simple MILP model without composition discrepancy caused by crude blending.Two cases are used to demonstrate the efficacy of proposed scheduling model.The results show that the optimization schedule can minimize the demurrage of the vessels and the number of feeding changeovers of crude oil distillation units(CDUs).展开更多
In this paper, a model-free approach is presented to design an observer-based fault detection system of linear continuoustime systems based on input and output data in the time domain. The core of the approach is to d...In this paper, a model-free approach is presented to design an observer-based fault detection system of linear continuoustime systems based on input and output data in the time domain. The core of the approach is to directly identify parameters of the observer-based residual generator based on a numerically reliable data equation obtained by filtering and sampling the input and output signals.展开更多
The scheduling of gasoline-blending operations is an important problem in the oil refining industry. Thisproblem not only exhibits the combinatorial nature that is intrinsic to scheduling problems, but alsonon-convex ...The scheduling of gasoline-blending operations is an important problem in the oil refining industry. Thisproblem not only exhibits the combinatorial nature that is intrinsic to scheduling problems, but alsonon-convex nonlinear behavior, due to the blending of various materials with different quality properties.In this work, a global optimization algorithm is proposed to solve a previously published continuous-timemixed-integer nonlinear scheduling model for gasoline blending. The model includes blend recipe optimi-zation, the distribution problem, and several important operational features and constraints. The algorithmemploys piecewise McCormick relaxation (PMCR) and normalized multiparametric disaggregation tech-nique (NMDT) to compute estimates of the global optimum. These techniques partition the domain of oneof the variables in a bilinear term and generate convex relaxations for each partition. By increasing the num-ber of partitions and reducing the domain of the variables, the algorithm is able to refine the estimates ofthe global solution. The algorithm is compared to two commercial global solvers and two heuristic methodsby solving four examples from the literature. Results show that the proposed global optimization algorithmperforms on par with commercial solvers but is not as fast as heuristic approaches.展开更多
A new concept is presented to express the damping property of linear time-invariant systems, by the Lyapunov theorem in view of quadratic form-defined energy. Two definitions are introduced: damping energy function D...A new concept is presented to express the damping property of linear time-invariant systems, by the Lyapunov theorem in view of quadratic form-defined energy. Two definitions are introduced: damping energy function D(X<sub>0</sub>, X)=Ci∫<sub>x<sub>0</sub>, x</sub> x<sub>i</sub>dx<sub>i-1</sub>and comprehensive damping coefficient η-min(Ci/a<sub>n-i</sub>). It is concluded that (ⅰ) of the Hurwitz determinants, △<sub>x-1</sub> is proportional to the damping effect of oscillating systems, (ⅱ) the comprehensive damping coefficients of linear time-invariant systems are derived as. piecewise rational fractions which can be easily calculated and (ⅲ) the damping torque coefficient obtained for synchronous machines is independent of ω.展开更多
Recently a novel algebraic method was proposed for linear continuous-time model identification,which has attracted extensive attention in the literature.This work reveals its connection to classic identification metho...Recently a novel algebraic method was proposed for linear continuous-time model identification,which has attracted extensive attention in the literature.This work reveals its connection to classic identification methods,discusses a limitation and presents a useful modification of the method.The discussions are supported by analysis and numerical experiments.展开更多
We investigate the type of singularity and qualitative structure of solutions to a time-invariant linear dynamic system on time scales. The results truly unify the qualitative behaviors of the system on the continuous...We investigate the type of singularity and qualitative structure of solutions to a time-invariant linear dynamic system on time scales. The results truly unify the qualitative behaviors of the system on the continuous and discrete times with any step size.展开更多
A partial eigenstructure assignment method that keeps the open-loop stable eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenspace unchanged is presented. This method generalizes a large class of systems previous methods and can...A partial eigenstructure assignment method that keeps the open-loop stable eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenspace unchanged is presented. This method generalizes a large class of systems previous methods and can be applied to solve the constrained control problem for linear invariant continuous-time systems. Besides, it can be also applied to make a total eigenstructure assignment. Indeed, the problem of finding a stabilizing regulator matrix gain taking into account the asymmetrical control constraints is transformed to a Sylvester equation resolution. Examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.展开更多
With the rapid development of information technologies and cloud computing, sensor networks play an increasingly important role in our society. Over the past few decades, distributed observer theory has attracted unpr...With the rapid development of information technologies and cloud computing, sensor networks play an increasingly important role in our society. Over the past few decades, distributed observer theory has attracted unprecedented attention due to its wide potential applications in different areas. Meanwhile, various approaches and algorithms have been proposed and investigated. The design of distributed observers is one of the frontier topics of system and control research, which has the significant theoretical values and broad application prospects. This paper attempts to review the representative models and the corresponding approaches for distributed observer design in linear time-invariant(LTI) systems. Firstly, the research backgrounds and main advances of distributed observer designs are briefly reviewed. Then, recent results of distributed observer designs for discrete-time and continuous-time LTI multi-agent systems(MASs) are introduced in detail, respectively. Finally, the prospects and the future work directions of the design of distributed observers are put forward. The main purpose of this paper is to promote the emerging topic on the designs of distributed observers, with focuses on the interdisciplinary interest from technological sciences.展开更多
This paper focuses on the H optimal control problem in which the wholestate is available for feedback. We show that in attenuating the disturbance, the Hoptimal performance of dynamic state-feedback is no better than ...This paper focuses on the H optimal control problem in which the wholestate is available for feedback. We show that in attenuating the disturbance, the Hoptimal performance of dynamic state-feedback is no better than that of static state-feedback, which generalizes current results for linear time-invariant systems with no directtransmission from the disturbance and control input to the controlled output.展开更多
A quasi-Newton method (QNM) for solving an unconstrained optimization problem in infinite dimensional spaces is presented in this paper. We apply the QNM algorithm to an identification problem for a nonlinear system o...A quasi-Newton method (QNM) for solving an unconstrained optimization problem in infinite dimensional spaces is presented in this paper. We apply the QNM algorithm to an identification problem for a nonlinear system of differential equations, that is, to identify the parameter vector q = q(t) appearing in the following system of differential equations, based on the measurement of the state , where is a measurement operator. We give two examples to show the algorithm.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the parameter estimation of deterministic autoregressive moving average(DARMA)systems with quantization data.The estimation algorithms adopted here are the least squares(LS)and the forgett...This paper is concerned with the parameter estimation of deterministic autoregressive moving average(DARMA)systems with quantization data.The estimation algorithms adopted here are the least squares(LS)and the forgetting factor LS,and the signal quantizer is of uniform,that is,with uniform quantization error.The authors analyse the properties of the LS and the forgetting factor LS,and establish the boundedness of the estimation errors and a relationship of the estimation errors with the size of quantization error,which implies that the smaller the quantization error is,the smaller the estimation error is.A numerical example is given to demonstrate theorems.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we consider the perturbation analysis of linear time-invariant systems, which arise from the linear optimal control in continuous-time. We provide a method to compute condition numbers of continuous-time linear time-invariant systems. It solves the perturbed linear time-invariant systems via Riccati differential equations and continuous-time algebraic Riccati equations in finite and infinite time horizons. We derive the explicit expressions of measuring the perturbation bounds of condition numbers with respect to the solution of the linear time-invariant systems. Furthermore, condition numbers and their upper bounds of Riccati differential equations and continuous-time algebraic Riccati equations are also discussed. Numerical simulations show the sharpness of the perturbation bounds computed via the proposed methods.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018AAA0101502,2018YFB1702300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61722312,61533019,U1811463,61533017)。
文摘In this paper,a new parallel controller is developed for continuous-time linear systems.The main contribution of the method is to establish a new parallel control law,where both state and control are considered as the input.The structure of the parallel control is provided,and the relationship between the parallel control and traditional feedback controls is presented.Considering the situations that the systems are controllable and incompletely controllable,the properties of the parallel control law are analyzed.The parallel controller design algorithms are given under the conditions that the systems are controllable and incompletely controllable.Finally,numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the present method.Index Terms-Continuous-time linear systems,digital twin,parallel controller,parallel intelligence,parallel systems.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61605218)National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CXJJ-17S023)
文摘In traditional system identification (SI), actual values of system parameters are concealed in the input and output data;hence, it is necessary to apply estimation methods to determine the parameters. In signal processing, a signal with N elements must be sampled at least N times. Thus, most SI methods use N or more sample data to identify a model with N parameters;however, this can be improved by a new sampling theory called compressive sensing (CS). Based on CS, an SI method called compressive measurement identification (CMI) is proposed for reducing the data needed for estimation, by measuring the parameters using a series of linear measurements, rather than the measurements in sequence. In addition, the accuracy of the measurement process is guaranteed by a criterion called the restrict isometric principle. Simulations demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of CMI in an underdetermined case. Further, the dynamic process of a DC motor is identified experimentally, establishing that CMI can shorten the identification process and increase the prediction accuracy.
文摘Vessels,especially very large or ultra large crude carriers(VLCCs or ULCCs),often can only dock and leave the berth during high tide periods to prevent being stranded.Unfortunately,the current crude scheduling models do not take into account tidal conditions,which will seriously affect the feasibility of crude schedule.So we first focus on the docking and leaving operations under the tidal actions,and establish a new hybrid continuous-time mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model which incorporates global event based formulation and unit-specific event based formulation.Upon considering that the multiple blending of crude oil can easily cause the production fluctuating,there are some reasonable assumptions that storage tanks can only store pure crude,and charging tanks just can be refilled after being emptied,which helps us obtain a simple MILP model without composition discrepancy caused by crude blending.Two cases are used to demonstrate the efficacy of proposed scheduling model.The results show that the optimization schedule can minimize the demurrage of the vessels and the number of feeding changeovers of crude oil distillation units(CDUs).
基金This work was supported was supported in part by the European Union under grant NeCST.
文摘In this paper, a model-free approach is presented to design an observer-based fault detection system of linear continuoustime systems based on input and output data in the time domain. The core of the approach is to directly identify parameters of the observer-based residual generator based on a numerically reliable data equation obtained by filtering and sampling the input and output signals.
基金Support by Ontario Research FoundationMc Master Advanced Control ConsortiumFundacao para a Ciência e Tecnologia(Investigador FCT 2013 program and project UID/MAT/04561/2013)
文摘The scheduling of gasoline-blending operations is an important problem in the oil refining industry. Thisproblem not only exhibits the combinatorial nature that is intrinsic to scheduling problems, but alsonon-convex nonlinear behavior, due to the blending of various materials with different quality properties.In this work, a global optimization algorithm is proposed to solve a previously published continuous-timemixed-integer nonlinear scheduling model for gasoline blending. The model includes blend recipe optimi-zation, the distribution problem, and several important operational features and constraints. The algorithmemploys piecewise McCormick relaxation (PMCR) and normalized multiparametric disaggregation tech-nique (NMDT) to compute estimates of the global optimum. These techniques partition the domain of oneof the variables in a bilinear term and generate convex relaxations for each partition. By increasing the num-ber of partitions and reducing the domain of the variables, the algorithm is able to refine the estimates ofthe global solution. The algorithm is compared to two commercial global solvers and two heuristic methodsby solving four examples from the literature. Results show that the proposed global optimization algorithmperforms on par with commercial solvers but is not as fast as heuristic approaches.
文摘A new concept is presented to express the damping property of linear time-invariant systems, by the Lyapunov theorem in view of quadratic form-defined energy. Two definitions are introduced: damping energy function D(X<sub>0</sub>, X)=Ci∫<sub>x<sub>0</sub>, x</sub> x<sub>i</sub>dx<sub>i-1</sub>and comprehensive damping coefficient η-min(Ci/a<sub>n-i</sub>). It is concluded that (ⅰ) of the Hurwitz determinants, △<sub>x-1</sub> is proportional to the damping effect of oscillating systems, (ⅱ) the comprehensive damping coefficients of linear time-invariant systems are derived as. piecewise rational fractions which can be easily calculated and (ⅲ) the damping torque coefficient obtained for synchronous machines is independent of ω.
基金This work was supported in part by NTU[startup grant number M4080181.050]MOE AcRF[Tier 1 grant number RG 33/10 M4010492.050].
文摘Recently a novel algebraic method was proposed for linear continuous-time model identification,which has attracted extensive attention in the literature.This work reveals its connection to classic identification methods,discusses a limitation and presents a useful modification of the method.The discussions are supported by analysis and numerical experiments.
文摘We investigate the type of singularity and qualitative structure of solutions to a time-invariant linear dynamic system on time scales. The results truly unify the qualitative behaviors of the system on the continuous and discrete times with any step size.
文摘A partial eigenstructure assignment method that keeps the open-loop stable eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenspace unchanged is presented. This method generalizes a large class of systems previous methods and can be applied to solve the constrained control problem for linear invariant continuous-time systems. Besides, it can be also applied to make a total eigenstructure assignment. Indeed, the problem of finding a stabilizing regulator matrix gain taking into account the asymmetrical control constraints is transformed to a Sylvester equation resolution. Examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018AAA0101100)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61621003,92067204 and 61903017)in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2020TQ0027 and 2020M680285)。
文摘With the rapid development of information technologies and cloud computing, sensor networks play an increasingly important role in our society. Over the past few decades, distributed observer theory has attracted unprecedented attention due to its wide potential applications in different areas. Meanwhile, various approaches and algorithms have been proposed and investigated. The design of distributed observers is one of the frontier topics of system and control research, which has the significant theoretical values and broad application prospects. This paper attempts to review the representative models and the corresponding approaches for distributed observer design in linear time-invariant(LTI) systems. Firstly, the research backgrounds and main advances of distributed observer designs are briefly reviewed. Then, recent results of distributed observer designs for discrete-time and continuous-time LTI multi-agent systems(MASs) are introduced in detail, respectively. Finally, the prospects and the future work directions of the design of distributed observers are put forward. The main purpose of this paper is to promote the emerging topic on the designs of distributed observers, with focuses on the interdisciplinary interest from technological sciences.
文摘This paper focuses on the H optimal control problem in which the wholestate is available for feedback. We show that in attenuating the disturbance, the Hoptimal performance of dynamic state-feedback is no better than that of static state-feedback, which generalizes current results for linear time-invariant systems with no directtransmission from the disturbance and control input to the controlled output.
基金This research is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 69774012).
文摘A quasi-Newton method (QNM) for solving an unconstrained optimization problem in infinite dimensional spaces is presented in this paper. We apply the QNM algorithm to an identification problem for a nonlinear system of differential equations, that is, to identify the parameter vector q = q(t) appearing in the following system of differential equations, based on the measurement of the state , where is a measurement operator. We give two examples to show the algorithm.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2018YFA0703800the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61877057。
文摘This paper is concerned with the parameter estimation of deterministic autoregressive moving average(DARMA)systems with quantization data.The estimation algorithms adopted here are the least squares(LS)and the forgetting factor LS,and the signal quantizer is of uniform,that is,with uniform quantization error.The authors analyse the properties of the LS and the forgetting factor LS,and establish the boundedness of the estimation errors and a relationship of the estimation errors with the size of quantization error,which implies that the smaller the quantization error is,the smaller the estimation error is.A numerical example is given to demonstrate theorems.