Spatial diversion and coordination of flood water for an urban flood control project in Suzhou, China

Suzhou City,located in the Yangtze River Delta in China,is prone to flooding due to a complex combination of natural factors,including its monsoon climate,low elevation,and tidally influenced position,as well as intensive human activities.The Large Encirclement Flood Control Project(LEFCP)was launched to cope with serious floods in the urban area.This project changed the spatiotemporal pattern of flood processes and caused spatial diversion of floods from the urban area to the outskirts of the city.Therefore,this study developed a distributed flood simulation model in order to understand this transition of flood processes.The results revealed that the LEFCP effectively protected the urban areas from floods,but the present scheduling schemes resulted in the spatial diversion of floods to the outskirts of the city.With rainstorm frequencies of 10.0%to 0.5%,the water level differences between two representative water level stations(Miduqiao(MDQ)and Fengqiao(FQ))located inside and outside the LEFCP area,ranged from 0.75 m to 0.24 m and from 1.80 m to 1.58 m,respectively.In addition,the flood safety margin at MDQ and the duration with the water level exceeding the warning water level at FQ ranged from 0.95 m to 0.43 m and from 4 h to 22 h,respectively.Rational scheduling schemes for the hydraulic facilities of the LEFCP in extreme precipitation cases were developed ac-cording to food simulations under seven scheduling scenarios.This helps to regulate the spatial flood diversion caused by the LEFCP during extreme precipitation.

Cost Control Strategies for Hubei General Highway Greening Project

In order to respond to the national policy of focusing on the service of building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development,and to reduce the cost of greening projects while ensuring the effect of highway landscape,a process and cost control points of highway greening design,construction,and maintenance are summarized through a review of the literature.Additionally,this paper examines the attributes of highway greening and proposes cost control strategies that are aligned with these attributes.It is proposed that the implementation of cost control strategies for highway greening should commence at the project establishment phase,with the objective of establishing a comprehensive and effective cost management control system.While guaranteeing the greening landscape effect and the duration of the project,it is essential to regulate the crucial nodes in each phase of the design,construction,and maintenance process.Furthermore,it is vital to facilitate close collaboration between all parties involved,thereby reducing costs,conserving resources,and lowering energy consumption.This approach can also lead to enhanced economic and social benefits for highway greening projects.

Temperature Control System with Multi-closed Loops for Lithography Projection Lens

Image quality is one of the most important specifications of optical lithography tool and is affected notably by temperature, vibration, and contamination of projection lens（PL）. Traditional method of local temperature control is easier to introduce vibration and contamination, so temperature control system with multi-closed loops is developed to control the temperature inside the PL, and to isolate the influence of vibration and contamination. A new remote indirect-temperature-control（RITC） method is proposed in which cooling water is circulated to perform indirect-temperature-control of the PL. Heater and cooler embedded temperature control unit（TCU） is used to condition the temperature of the cooling water, and the TCU must be kept away from the PL so that the influence of vibration and contamination can be avoided. A new multi-closed loops control structure incorporating an internal cascade control structure（CCS） and an external parallel cascade control structure（PCCS） is designed to prevent large inertia, multi-delay, and multi-disturbance of the RITC system. A nonlinear proportional-integral（PI） algorithm is applied to further enhance the convergence rate and precision of the control process. Contrast experiments of different control loops and algorithms were implemented to verify the impact on the control performance. It is shown that the temperature control system with multi-closed loops reaches a precision specification at ±0.006 ℃ with fast convergence rate, strong robustness, and self-adaptability. This method has been successfully used in an optical lithography tool which produces a pattern of 100 nm critical dimension（CD）, and its performances are satisfactory.

Thailand's economic growth and structural development projections in the context of environmental control

Projections for 20 years of economic growth and change in the structure of the Thai economy were made for 180 sectors using a computable general equilibrium(CGE) model to compare the following four scenarios:(1) standard growth with infinite supply of factors,(2) finite land supply,(3) fixed use of agricultural chemicals,and(4) combined finite land supply with fixed use of agricultural chemicals.The computable projections suggest that the economic cost of hypothetical environmental control in agriculture is small and further weakened by urbanization.The computed structural development points to efficiency improvements specific to sectors to return the economy to balanced growth.

Benefit Evaluation Model of Small Watershed Control Based on Projection Pursuit

A projection pursuit model is presented in this paper for comprehensive evaluation of benefits of small watershed control.By using the model,small watershed control samples with many benefit evaluation indexes can be synthesized projective values with one dimension.The samples can be naturally evaluated according to the projective values.The parameters of the model is optimized by using real coding beased accelerating genetic aglrothm,which overcomes the shortcomings of large computation amount and difficulty of computer programming in traditional projection prusuit methods,and provides a new way for wide applications of projection pursuit technique to different evaluation problems in agricultural systems engineering.

Analysis of debris flow control effect and hazard assessment in Xinqiao Gully,Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake area based on numerical simulation

Xinqiao Gully is located in the area of the 2008 Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province,China.Based on the investigation of the 2023"6-26"Xinqiao Gully debris flow event,this study assessed the effectiveness of the debris flow control project and evaluated the debris flow hazards.Through field investigation and numerical simulation methods,the indicators of flow intensity reduction rate and storage capacity fullness were proposed to quantify the effectiveness of the engineering measures in the debris flow event.The simulation results show that the debris flow control project reduced the flow intensity by41.05%to 64.61%.The storage capacity of the dam decreases gradually from upstream to the mouth of the gully,thus effectively intercepting and controlling the debris flow.By evaluating the debris flow of different recurrence intervals,further measures are recommended for managing debris flow events.

Teaching Reform and Exploration of Practical Courses Based on Programmable Control

As the country continues to promote the development of intelligent manufacturing,all industries are carrying out enterprise automation upgrading,the Pearl River Delta Intelligent Manufacturing Conference held in March 2024 provides a direction guide for each enterprise on how to integrate the intelligent manufacturing technology into each link and provide direction guidance for enterprises to create new models and new business formats.College teachers,in focusing on the teaching process,should closely match the enterprise and social needs and cultivate excellent students.As the core controller of automation control,the application of programmable controllers in teaching is particularly important.In practical classes,by setting progressive difficulty,project guidance,team collaboration,and other links,students can master the automation equipment design of programmable control in repeated practice.

Construction Cost Control Strategy of Finished House Based on BIM-5D

Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology can not only achieve project refinement management of the construction process based on a 3D model but also form a BIM-5D model based on the fusion of progress data and cost data to achieve the dynamic control of the whole process of project cost.This paper discusses the application of BIM-5D in the cost control of finished house construction,aiming to provide technical reference for China’s finished house project units,so that they can master how to realize the construction of cost control system based on BIM,the monitoring of the key coefficients of the cost,corrective action,to ensure that the project cost deviation is within the controllable range,and to make an effective guarantee for the economic benefits of the project construction.

Whole-Process Project Cost Management Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM)

The whole-process project cost management based on building information modeling(BIM)is a new management method,aiming to realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of project cost management through the application of BIM technology.This paper summarizes and analyzes the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,aiming to explore its application and development prospects in the construction industry.Firstly,this paper introduces the role and advantages of BIM technology in engineering cost management,including information integration,data sharing,and collaborative work.Secondly,the paper analyzes the key technologies and methods of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,including model construction,data management,and cost control.In addition,the paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of the whole-process BIM project cost management,such as the inconsistency of technical standards,personnel training,and consciousness change.Finally,the paper summarizes the advantages and development prospects of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM and puts forward the direction and suggestions for future research.Through the research of this paper,it can provide a reference for construction cost management and promote innovation and development in the construction industry.

Design of Two-wheeled Mobile Control Robot with Holographic Projection

In this paper, we design a two-wheeled mobile robot which could be control by Android mobile phone. The way that controlling robot through Android software is easy and convenient for people to use; while the two-wheeled mobile robot owns the characteristics of adaptation and flexibility. As a platform, this robot can accomplish a series of functions by combining it with different additional modules. Therefore, this robot has significant spreading value and promising application future. As for the principle of controlling the robot: by adjusting the direction of rotation of two isolating electric motor, we can keep its balance. By changing the dip of the robot, in other words, changing the speed of rotation of electric motor, we can determine the speed of the robot. Through controlling the difference of the speed between two electric motors, we can adjust the direction of the robot. All controlling depends on the feedback provided by optical encoder, gyroscope and accelerometer. As for human-computer interaction, we accomplish human-computer communication on the basis of Bluetooth, and we design an Android software used for direct the robot. Through experiment, we confirmed that the robot can keep balance itself, and can be controlled to move in a specific direction by our Android software. In the end, through establishing small-scale holographic projection equipment on the robot, we discuss the prospect of it.

Study on Safeguard System of Eco-tourism Compensation of Hukou Section during Ecological Water-control Project of Poyang Lake

Through analysis on the background to develop eco-tourism and necessity for ecological compensation,based on specific condition of Hukou County,in line with the situation to develop eco-tourism during ecological water control project of Poyang Lake,residents' interest protection system and ecological benefit safeguard system for eco-tourism compensation were put forward.

Multi-level access control model for tree-like hierarchical organizations

An access control model is proposed based on the famous Bell-LaPadula （BLP） model.In the proposed model,hierarchical relationships among departments are built,a new concept named post is proposed,and assigning security tags to subjects and objects is greatly simplified.The interoperation among different departments is implemented through assigning multiple security tags to one post, and the more departments are closed on the organization tree,the more secret objects can be exchanged by the staff of the departments.The access control matrices of the department,post and staff are defined.By using the three access control matrices,a multi granularity and flexible discretionary access control policy is implemented.The outstanding merit of the BLP model is inherited,and the new model can guarantee that all the information flow is under control.Finally,our study shows that compared to the BLP model,the proposed model is more flexible.

Generalized projective synchronization of chaotic systems via adaptive learning control

In this paper, a learning control approach is applied to the generalized projective synchronisation （GPS） of different chaotic systems with unknown periodically time-varying parameters. Using the Lyapunov--Krasovskii functional stability theory, a differential-difference mixed parametric learning law and an adaptive learning control law are constructed to make the states of two different chaotic systems asymptotically synchronised. The scheme is successfully applied to the generalized projective synchronisation between the Lorenz system and Chen system. Moreover, numerical simulations results are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Consensus Control With a Constant Gain for Discrete-time Binary-valued Multi-agent Systems Based on a Projected Empirical Measure Method

This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a projected empirical measure method for a holding time.Based on the estimates,each agent designs the consensus control with a constant gain at some skipping time.The states of the system are updated by the designed control,and the estimation and control design will be repeated.For the estimation,the projected empirical measure method is proposed for the binary-valued observations.The algorithm can ensure the uniform boundedness of the estimates and the mean square error of the estimation is proved to be at the order of the reciprocal of the holding time(the same order as that in the case of accurate outputs).For the consensus control,a constant gain is designed instead of the stochastic approximation based gain in the existing literature for binary-valued observations.And,there is no need to make modification for control since the uniform boundedness of the estimates ensures the uniform boundedness of the agents’states.Finally,the systems updated by the designed control are proved to achieve consensus and the consensus speed is faster than that in the existing literature.Simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.

Adaptive Control and Function Projective Synchronization in 2D Discrete-Time Chaotic Systems

This study addresses the adaptive control and function projective synchronization problems between 2D Rulkov discrete-time system and Network discrete-time system. Based on backstepping design with three controllers, a systematic, concrete and automatic scheme is developed to investigate the function projective synchronization of discretetime chaotic systems. In addition, the adaptive control function is applied to achieve the state synchronization of two discrete-time systems. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

BC-BLPM:A Multi-Level Security Access Control Model Based on Blockchain Technology

Traditional multi-level security(MLS)systems have the defect of centralizing authorized facilities,which is difficult to meet the security requirements of modern distributed peer-to-peer network architecture.Blockchain is widely used in the field of access control with its decentralization,traceability and non-defective modification.Combining the blockchain technology and the Bell-LaPadula model,we propose a new access control model,named BCBLPM,for MLS environment.The“multi-chain”blockchain architecture is used for dividing resources into isolated access domains,providing a fine-grained data protection mechanism.The access control policies are implemented by smart contracts deployed in each access domain,so that the side chains of different access domains storage access records from outside and maintain the integrity of the records.Finally,we implement the BC-BLPM prototype system using the Hyperledger Fabric.The experimental and analytical results show that the model can adapt well to the needs of multi-level security environment,and it has the feasibility of application in actual scenarios.

Generalized projective synchronization of the fractional-order chaotic system using adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control

An adaptive fuzzy sliding mode strategy is developed for the generalized projective synchronization of a fractional- order chaotic system, where the slave system is not necessarily known in advance. Based on the designed adaptive update laws and the linear feedback method, the adaptive fuzzy sliding controllers are proposed via the fuzzy design, and the strength of the designed controllers can he adaptively adjusted according to the external disturbances. Based on the Lya- punov stability theorem, the stability and the robustness of the controlled system are proved theoretically. Numerical simu- lations further support the theoretical results of the paper and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. Moreover, it is revealed that the proposed method allows us to manipulate arbitrarily the response dynamics of the slave system by adjusting the desired scaling factor λi and the desired translating factor ηi, which may be used in a channel-independent chaotic secure communication.

Projective synchronization of a hyperchaotic system via periodically intermittent control

We further study the projective synchronization of a new hyperchaotic system. Different from the most existing methods, intermittent control is applied to chaotic synchronization in the present paper. We formulate the intermittent control system that governs the dynamics of the projective synchronization error, then derive the sufficient conditions for the exponential stability of intermittent control system by using the Lyapunov stability theory, and finally establish the periodically intermittent controller according to the stability criterion by which the projective synchronization is expected to be achieved. The analytical results are also demonstrated by several numerical simulations.

Particle Swarm-Based Translation Control for Immersed Tunnel Element in the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge Project

Immersed tunnel is an important part of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge(HZMB) project. In immersed tunnel floating, translation which includes straight and transverse movements is the main working mode. To decide the magnitude and direction of the towing force for each tug, a particle swarm-based translation control method is presented for non-power immersed tunnel element. A sort of linear weighted logarithmic function is exploited to avoid weak subgoals. In simulation, the particle swarm-based control method is evaluated and compared with traditional empirical method in the case of the HZMB project. Simulation results show that the presented method delivers performance improvement in terms of the enhanced surplus towing force.

A Mandatory Access Control Framework in Virtual Machine System with Respect to Multi-level Security I： Theory

At present,there are few security models which control the communication between virtual machines (VMs).Moreover,these models are not applicable to multi-level security (MLS).In order to implement mandatory access control (MAC) and MLS in virtual machine system,this paper designs Virt-BLP model,which is based on BLP model.For the distinction between virtual machine system and non-virtualized system,we build elements and security axioms of Virt-BLP model by modifying those of BLP.Moreover,comparing with BLP,the number of state transition rules of Virt-BLP is reduced accordingly and some rules can only be enforced by trusted subject.As a result,Virt-BLP model supports MAC and partial discretionary access control (DAC),well satisfying the requirement of MLS in virtual machine system.As space is limited,the implementation of our MAC framework will be shown in a continuation.