Background: MenAfriVac<sup>TM</sup> is the first of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s pre-qualified vaccines to be allowed to mass vaccination campaign at a temperature below or equal to 40°C dur...Background: MenAfriVac<sup>TM</sup> is the first of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s pre-qualified vaccines to be allowed to mass vaccination campaign at a temperature below or equal to 40°C during 4 days. This new vaccination practice has already been used in some African countries. This article described the opinion and use of this new technique by actors on the field, during a mass vaccination campaign in Côte d’Ivoire, in December 2014. Methods: We conducted a crosssectional study on the practice of CTC by actors on the field and their perception on the new practice, during a mass vaccination campaign in 2 of 25 health districts in Côte d’Ivoire, in December 2014. Findings: As results, in Séguéla 98.25% of respondents expressed a favourable opinion of CTC, citing advantages such as vaccine carriers requiring no ice packs (29.2%), financial benefit (12.28%) and lighter vaccine carriers (5.26%). In Bouna, respondents gave the same advantages in, respectively, 34%, 2% and 8% of cases. The peak of the total of vials used for immunization sessions reached 376 vials at day one, then dropped to 235 vials at day three and 220 vials at day six. Discussion: Vaccinators found some benefits related to CTC practice, but on the field, they were cautious in using CTC technique.展开更多
To track the rapidly changing temperature profiles of thermal cycling of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) accurately, an innovative feedforward variable structural proportional-integral-derivative (FVSPID) control- ler...To track the rapidly changing temperature profiles of thermal cycling of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) accurately, an innovative feedforward variable structural proportional-integral-derivative (FVSPID) control- ler was developed. Based on the step response test data of the heat block, a reduced first order model was estab- lished at different operating points. Based on the reduced model, the FVSPID controller combined a feedforward path with the variable structural proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. The modified feedforward action provided directly the optimal predictive power for the desired setpoint to speed up the dynamic response. To coop- erate with the feedforward action, a variable structural PID was applied, where the P mode was used in the case of the largest errors to speed up response, whereas the PD mode was used in the case of larger errors to suppress over- shoot, and finally the PID mode was applied for small error conditions to eliminate the steady state offset. Experi- mental results illustrated that compared to the conventional PID controller, the FVSPID controller can not only re- duce the time taken to complete a standard PCR protocol, but also improve the accuracy of gene amplification.展开更多
A silicon glass chip based microreactor has been designed and fabricated for biochemical reactions such as polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The chip based microreactor has integrated resistive heating elements. The ...A silicon glass chip based microreactor has been designed and fabricated for biochemical reactions such as polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The chip based microreactor has integrated resistive heating elements. The computer controlled temperature control system is highly reliable with precise temperature control, excellent temperature uniformity, and rapid heating and cooling capabilities. The development of the microreaction system is an important step towards the construction of a lab on a chip system.展开更多
文摘Background: MenAfriVac<sup>TM</sup> is the first of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s pre-qualified vaccines to be allowed to mass vaccination campaign at a temperature below or equal to 40°C during 4 days. This new vaccination practice has already been used in some African countries. This article described the opinion and use of this new technique by actors on the field, during a mass vaccination campaign in Côte d’Ivoire, in December 2014. Methods: We conducted a crosssectional study on the practice of CTC by actors on the field and their perception on the new practice, during a mass vaccination campaign in 2 of 25 health districts in Côte d’Ivoire, in December 2014. Findings: As results, in Séguéla 98.25% of respondents expressed a favourable opinion of CTC, citing advantages such as vaccine carriers requiring no ice packs (29.2%), financial benefit (12.28%) and lighter vaccine carriers (5.26%). In Bouna, respondents gave the same advantages in, respectively, 34%, 2% and 8% of cases. The peak of the total of vials used for immunization sessions reached 376 vials at day one, then dropped to 235 vials at day three and 220 vials at day six. Discussion: Vaccinators found some benefits related to CTC practice, but on the field, they were cautious in using CTC technique.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60574038) and the Open Project Program of the State KeyLaboratory of Bioreactor Engineering/ECUST.
文摘To track the rapidly changing temperature profiles of thermal cycling of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) accurately, an innovative feedforward variable structural proportional-integral-derivative (FVSPID) control- ler was developed. Based on the step response test data of the heat block, a reduced first order model was estab- lished at different operating points. Based on the reduced model, the FVSPID controller combined a feedforward path with the variable structural proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. The modified feedforward action provided directly the optimal predictive power for the desired setpoint to speed up the dynamic response. To coop- erate with the feedforward action, a variable structural PID was applied, where the P mode was used in the case of the largest errors to speed up response, whereas the PD mode was used in the case of larger errors to suppress over- shoot, and finally the PID mode was applied for small error conditions to eliminate the steady state offset. Experi- mental results illustrated that compared to the conventional PID controller, the FVSPID controller can not only re- duce the time taken to complete a standard PCR protocol, but also improve the accuracy of gene amplification.
文摘A silicon glass chip based microreactor has been designed and fabricated for biochemical reactions such as polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The chip based microreactor has integrated resistive heating elements. The computer controlled temperature control system is highly reliable with precise temperature control, excellent temperature uniformity, and rapid heating and cooling capabilities. The development of the microreaction system is an important step towards the construction of a lab on a chip system.
