A second rain belt sometimes occurs ahead of a frontal rain belt in the warm sector over coastal South China,leading to heavy precipitation.We examined the differences in the mesoscale characteristics and microphysics...A second rain belt sometimes occurs ahead of a frontal rain belt in the warm sector over coastal South China,leading to heavy precipitation.We examined the differences in the mesoscale characteristics and microphysics of the frontal and warm sector rain belts that occurred in South China on May 10–13,2022.The southern rain belt occurred in an environment with favorable mesoscale conditions but weak large-scale forcing.In contrast,the northern rain belt was related to low-level horizontal shear and the surface-level front.The interaction between the enhanced southeasterly winds and the rainfall-induced cold pool promoted the persistent growth of convection along the southern rain belt.The convective cell propagated east over the coastal area,where there was a large temperature gradient.The bow-shaped echo in this region may be closely related to the rear-inflow jet.By contrast,the initial convection of the northern rain belt was triggered along the front and the region of low-level horizontal shear,with mesoscale interactions between the enhanced warm-moist southeasterly airflow and the cold dome associated with the earlier rain.The terrain blocked the movement of the cold pool,resulting in the stagnation of the frontal convective cell at an early stage.Subsequently,a meso-γ-scale vortex formed during the rapid movement of the convective cell,corresponding to an enhancement of precipitation.The representative raindrop spectra for the southern rain belt were characterized by a greater number and higher density of raindrops than the northern rain belt,even though both resulted in comparable hourly rainfalls.These results help us better understand the characteristics of double rain belts over South China.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the Asian lower-level jet stream, this paper indicates that having shifted to the Bay of Bengal, this large-scale lower-level jet(LLJ) develops into two branches: the northern branch (NB) whic...Based on the analysis of the Asian lower-level jet stream, this paper indicates that having shifted to the Bay of Bengal, this large-scale lower-level jet(LLJ) develops into two branches: the northern branch (NB) which is a strong southwest flow moving into the inland of China along the southeast side of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and then moving eastward to Japan along the north side of the subtropical high, and the southern branch (SB) which continues to be a west flow and travels into the West Pacific across the Indo-China Peninsula along the south side of the monsoon trough. Above the two branches are two synoptic-scale transient tubular monsoon circulation systems, the northern branch being a subtropical monsoon stream tube (SMST) and the southern branch a tropical monsoon stream tube (TMST). Their ascending branches, corresponding to a subtropical monsoon rain belt and a tropical monsoon rain belt respectively, bear considerable influence on the weather over China.展开更多
采用国产水动力学模型(integrated flood model system,IFMS),对“23·7”海河流域永定河系特大洪水中永定河泛区洪水演进及淹没范围变化进行精细化模拟复盘。将模拟结果与卫星遥感监测获取的泛区淹没范围进行对比,最大淹没面积误...采用国产水动力学模型(integrated flood model system,IFMS),对“23·7”海河流域永定河系特大洪水中永定河泛区洪水演进及淹没范围变化进行精细化模拟复盘。将模拟结果与卫星遥感监测获取的泛区淹没范围进行对比,最大淹没面积误差仅为8.8%,验证了该模型在永定河泛区洪水模拟中的可靠度。构建的永定河泛区模型可以准确反映分洪口门启闭、蓄滞洪量变化及泛区进退洪淹没过程。基于该模型,进一步研究雨带北移对该地区未来防洪情势的影响。结果表明:同等重现期的设计洪水受雨带北移影响后,将导致泛区防洪情势愈加严峻,雨带北移影响下的20 a一遇设计洪水最大淹没范围与现状情景下50 a一遇设计洪水最大淹没范围持平。因此,为更好地应对未来防洪情势的发展,需要针对永定河泛区提出更加合理的防洪规划并科学制定工程与非工程相结合的防洪措施。展开更多
利用谐波分析、功率谱分析的方法，对全国730个站点自1951～2000年逐日降水资料进行气候平均分析，研究全国降水季节内振荡的分布特征。研究结果表明，中国大部分地区的降水主要以季节变化为主，而在长江中下游流域主要以季节内振荡为...利用谐波分析、功率谱分析的方法，对全国730个站点自1951～2000年逐日降水资料进行气候平均分析，研究全国降水季节内振荡的分布特征。研究结果表明，中国大部分地区的降水主要以季节变化为主，而在长江中下游流域主要以季节内振荡为主。气候平均下降水的准双周振荡和Madden and Julian Oscillation（简称MJO）的振幅都在4月份开始加强，在11月份开始减弱，而MJO全年表现都很显著，准双周振荡主要在夏季显著；MJO主要分布在36°N以南的长江巾下游地区，准舣周振荡主要分布在115°E以西的内陆。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41930972,52239006,41975001)。
文摘A second rain belt sometimes occurs ahead of a frontal rain belt in the warm sector over coastal South China,leading to heavy precipitation.We examined the differences in the mesoscale characteristics and microphysics of the frontal and warm sector rain belts that occurred in South China on May 10–13,2022.The southern rain belt occurred in an environment with favorable mesoscale conditions but weak large-scale forcing.In contrast,the northern rain belt was related to low-level horizontal shear and the surface-level front.The interaction between the enhanced southeasterly winds and the rainfall-induced cold pool promoted the persistent growth of convection along the southern rain belt.The convective cell propagated east over the coastal area,where there was a large temperature gradient.The bow-shaped echo in this region may be closely related to the rear-inflow jet.By contrast,the initial convection of the northern rain belt was triggered along the front and the region of low-level horizontal shear,with mesoscale interactions between the enhanced warm-moist southeasterly airflow and the cold dome associated with the earlier rain.The terrain blocked the movement of the cold pool,resulting in the stagnation of the frontal convective cell at an early stage.Subsequently,a meso-γ-scale vortex formed during the rapid movement of the convective cell,corresponding to an enhancement of precipitation.The representative raindrop spectra for the southern rain belt were characterized by a greater number and higher density of raindrops than the northern rain belt,even though both resulted in comparable hourly rainfalls.These results help us better understand the characteristics of double rain belts over South China.
文摘Based on the analysis of the Asian lower-level jet stream, this paper indicates that having shifted to the Bay of Bengal, this large-scale lower-level jet(LLJ) develops into two branches: the northern branch (NB) which is a strong southwest flow moving into the inland of China along the southeast side of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and then moving eastward to Japan along the north side of the subtropical high, and the southern branch (SB) which continues to be a west flow and travels into the West Pacific across the Indo-China Peninsula along the south side of the monsoon trough. Above the two branches are two synoptic-scale transient tubular monsoon circulation systems, the northern branch being a subtropical monsoon stream tube (SMST) and the southern branch a tropical monsoon stream tube (TMST). Their ascending branches, corresponding to a subtropical monsoon rain belt and a tropical monsoon rain belt respectively, bear considerable influence on the weather over China.
文摘利用谐波分析、功率谱分析的方法，对全国730个站点自1951～2000年逐日降水资料进行气候平均分析，研究全国降水季节内振荡的分布特征。研究结果表明，中国大部分地区的降水主要以季节变化为主，而在长江中下游流域主要以季节内振荡为主。气候平均下降水的准双周振荡和Madden and Julian Oscillation（简称MJO）的振幅都在4月份开始加强，在11月份开始减弱，而MJO全年表现都很显著，准双周振荡主要在夏季显著；MJO主要分布在36°N以南的长江巾下游地区，准舣周振荡主要分布在115°E以西的内陆。
