A VMIMO-Based Cooperative Routing Algorithm for Maximizing Network Lifetime

Energy efficiency is an important criterion for routing algorithms in the wireless sensor network. Cooperative routing can reduce energy consumption effectively stemming from its diversity gain advantage. To solve the energy consumption problem and maximize the network lifetime, this paper proposes a Virtual Multiple Input Multiple Output based Cooperative Routing algorithm(VMIMOCR). VMIMOCR chooses cooperative relay nodes based on Virtual Multiple Input Multiple Output Model, and balances energy consumption by reasonable power allocation among transmitters, and decides the forwarding path finally. The experimental results show that VMIMOCR can improve network lifetime from 37% to 348% in the medium node density, compared with existing routing algorithms.

The research of cooperative routing algorithm in mobile Ad hoc networks

Cooperative routing technology can efficiently improve the performance of the network by initiatively selecting cooperative nodes to forward the data. In this article, cooperative routing algorithms are proposed and implemented based on three different criteria： optimal channel state, maximal remaining energy, and the shortest path. The simulation based on network simulation （NS） compares the performance of the proposed algorithms with non-cooperative destination-sequenced distancevector （DSDV） protocol. The results reveal that cooperative algorithms outperform DSDV routing protocol with distinctive gains at the cost of sacrificing acceptable normalized network load.

Cooperative Routing for Maximizing Network Performance of Wireless Networks

To greatly increase spectral efficiency and improve network performance in wireless networks,a novel cooperative routing algorithm,namely maximum throughput cooperative routing（MTCR） algorithm,is proposed.According to cooperative link model,throughput analysis is presented to evaluate performance improvement in the process of exploiting cooperative commu-nication from physical layer to higher layer.Taking the throughput improvement as performance metric,a cooperative relay se-lection scheme is developed.Finally,based on the route constructed by adaptive forwarding cluster routing（AFCR） algorithm,each node on the route selects the optimum cooperative node from all the potential cooperative nodes to construct the coopera-tive link with maximum throughput so that cooperative route with maximum network throughput from source to destination can be set up.Simulation results show that compared with the noncooperative routing algorithm and minimum power selection de-code-and-forward（MPSDF） routing algorithm,the proposed algorithm can obviously improve network throughput in the pres-ence of low transmission power,large number of nodes and high spectral efficiency.

Weighted cooperative routing for wireless mobile Ad-hoc network

A novel weighted cooperative routing algorithm （WCRA） is proposed in this article, which was on the basis of a weighted metric with maximal remaining energy （MRE） of the relays and the maximal received SNR （MRS） of the nodes. Moreover, a cooperative routing protocol was implemented on the basis of WCRA. Then simulation is done on network simulation （NS-2） platform to compare the performances of MRS, MRE and WCRA with that of noncooperative destination-sequenced destination-sequenced distance-vector （DSDV） protocol. The simulative results show that WCRA obtains a performance tradeoff between MRE and MRS in terms of delivery ratio and network lifetime, which can effectively improve the network lifetime at an acceptable loss of delivery ratio.

Fast network restoration with equivalent cooperative routing

Aiming at the problem of failure recovery in current networks,a fast failure recovery method based on equivalent cooperative routing is proposed.Firstly,the transmission path between the source and destination nodes is divided into several non-overlapping path segments.Next,backup paths are deployed for each link in the path segment through segmented routing technology,which ensures fast routing recovery after failure.Additionally,in order to avoid damaging the QoS of the data stream through the failure recovery process,the transmission is guaranteed by the intersegment QoS complement.The experimental results show that the proposed method has a low failure recovery delay under a relatively small flow table cost.

Use of wireless system in healthcare for developing countries

Healthcare is one of the major applications of wireless systems that possess crucial issues. Specifically developing countries require a tow cost and reliable network with efficient protocols. The most challenging concern of Body Area Network （BAN） is heterogeneity, which requires fairness with reliability among all the network nodes. Solutions proposed for these networks either do not provide fair packet transmission or consume high energy and introduce delays. In this paper, we propose a cross layer protocol for healthcare applications meeting the requirements and challenges of the heterogeneous BAN. The protocol is also feasible for developing countries as it can be implemented over existing wireless infrastructure and provides high network reliability with energy efficiency through cooperation and adaptability. Results show that the proposed scheme improves reliability, throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio （PDR）, and energy consumption for scalable and mobile networks over conventional BAN protocols.

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IS A REWARDING ROUTE FOR HI-TECH DEVELOPMENT

The CAS Institute of Modern Physics is a center of pure basic research concerning nuclear physics, accelerator physics and related technology. In recent years, it succeeded in the construction of China’s first production line for manufacturing radiation-crosslinked (RC) wire and cable with the aid of international cooperation,achieving rewarding benefits from it.