The Requirements for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises in Croatia and the European Union

Small and medium enterprises are the main institutional medium of the European economy. This is also recognized by the government of the Republic of Croatia, which emphasizes their importance and values their dynamism and capability for revitalizing the Croatian economy, and supports this by ways of subsidies. But, for all the effort, the economic position of small and medium enterprises in the terms of globalization is becoming more complex and uncertain, limited by time and more demanding. This does not correspond with the thesis which states that in the environment and conditions of the modem market economy, which is dynamised by progress in science, technology, information and communication, entrepreneurship has manifested a progressive dimension with the character and needs of all economic activity, as well as a tendency to achieve set objectives and generate change. Recently, after the repeated recession, which was encumbered by the effects of the one before, the conditions of doing business and survival for small and medium enterprises have changed significantly in a negative sense. So, there is a justified cause for questioning earlier stances about small and medium enterprises and their capability to be a motor of development of the Croatian economy, as well as to reevaluate their influence in the context of GDP growth, to focus on the importance and prevalence of certain sectors of the economy, to critically evaluate economic measures which do not lead to a reduction in unemployment and to define the requirements for future development of the small and medium enterprises, which implicates the increased economic efficiency, quality and living standards.

Research of E-commerce Application in Small and Medium Enterprises——A Case Study of Wenzhou

The paper analyzes the status quo of E-commerce application in Wenzhou＇s small and medium enterprises. This survey selects the 100 prominent small and medium enterprises covering chemical engineering, shoes, apparel, machinery, furniture, glasses, lighters, pen and pencil, electric and electronics as the investigating targets and issues the questionnaires to them. The result indicates that, the status quo of E-commerce application in Wenzhou＇s small and medium enterprises are worrisome, which is obviously way behind other cities. Based on that, the paper analyzes the reasons in combination with visiting them, and also proposes the corresponding strategies and predicts its prospect in the end.

A Novel Lifecycle Model for Web-based Application Development in Small and Medium Enterprises

Software engineering＇s lifecycle models havc proven to be very important for traditional software development. However, can these models be applied to the development of Web-based applications as well？ In recent years, Web-based applications have become more and more complicated and a lot of efforts have been placed on introducing new technologies such as J2EE, PhP, and .NET, etc., which have been universally accepted as the development technologies for Web-based applications. However, there is no universally accepted process model for the development of Web-based applications. Moreover, shaping the process model for small medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）, which have limited resources, has been relatively neglected. Based on our previous work, this paper presents an expanded lifecycle process model for the development of Web-based applications in SMEs. It consists of three sets of processes, i.e., requirement processes, development processes, and evolution processes. Particularly, the post-delivery evolution processes are important to SMEs to develop and maintain quality web applications with limited resources and time.

Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） and Competitiveness： An Empirical Study

Globalisation and competitiveness affected the way of enterprises undertake innovation, particularly in the case of Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs）. According with European Commission （2013） in Europe 99% of the enterprises is SMEs. SMEs all over the world are considered as the lifeblood of the economies. The importance of this research is justified by the predominance of SMEs that represents the majority of enterprises in Portugal. SMEs contribute to the creation of jobs, as well as to the competitiveness of the economies, specially, in crisis time. This study has two main objectives; firstly propose a literature review focused on competitiveness of SMEs. Secondly analysis a sample of 23 enterprises identified as leaders of Portuguese SMEs in 2012. The data considering a ranking list of the largest 1,000 Portuguese SMEs in 2012, published by Exame （2013）. This analysis considers some SMEs features such as, sales, market share, dimension, and sector. Additionally this research presents a SME case included in this database. Through the application of a questionnaire the study provides a complementary micro perspective of the factors that influences enterprises competitiveness. The questionnaire is divided into three parts： Part one refers to the characterization of the enterprise; Part two assesses the entrepreneurial competitiveness, considering nine questions to assess performance, six questions to assess internal processes and four questions to understand the relations with customers; and part three analyses the diffusion of innovation through three questions. Finally the study provides important clues relevant for the development of public policies that can support the innovation and competitiveness of SMEs. Moreover the discussions highlight some variables approached in literature review considered as pertinent in the case of innovative SME due to their contribution to exports and to economic growth.

Development Research of Zhejiang Small and Medium Enterprises＇ Management mode

Zhejiang Small and medium enterprises have had major achievements adapting to the trend of economic development and it encountered bottlenecks. During the development process, there are malpractices, such as the parent wind, system＇s lacking of science, epitaxial growth, excessive dependence on the international market, and ineffective management mode. Based on the central economic work conference, changing management and enterprise strategy adjustment are inevitable choices of Zhejiang small and medium-sized enterprises＂ management mode development.

Development Strategies of E-commerce for Small and Medium - sized Enterprises

In the economic structure of our country, small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are the most important part of the backbone, with the continuous popularization of the Internet, e-commerce has gradually become a business model that the current small and medium enterprises must face and accept, The development of enterprises is of great signifi cance. In this context, the article first introduced the importance of the development of e-commerce SMEs, and then based on the actual operation of the community put forward and analyzed the current e-commerce development under the existing problems, and finally based on the actual lack of effective Development Strategy of E - commerce for Small and Medium - sized Enterprises.

The Importance of Small and Medium Enterprise Development for Efficient Global Market Environment

Small and medium enterprises(SMEs)play an important role in the world economy.Modern trends in the development of small and medium enterprises imply a constant increase in their role in the total income of an economy.For such an approach,it is important to achieve quality organizational and managerial concepts of planning strategy development.In many countries,small businesses dominate in the production of a number of smaller products,higher consumption,and high quality of these products.The concept of a small economy consists of a group of companies that stand out in terms of their characteristics in relation to large companies.In relation to large companies as business systems,SMEs differ based on the concept of their own organization’s business,the volume of business,and the availability of resources.Research data show that the main obstacle to efficient continuous business of SMEs in the world is the procurement and maintenance of business resources.Ensuring continuity in production is often a problem of lack of resources,which primarily characterizes them in relation to large companies.Small business and entrepreneurship are the main backbone of today’s economic development,viewed globally.The purpose of the development of small and medium enterprises in the world is to enable the development of a successful and flexible entrepreneurial climate as an important organizational determinant,which is a prerequisite for progress in the modern world economy.The feature of SME development is the innovation of employees that needs to be constantly developed.In that way,conditions are provided for technological development,formation of flexible organizations,and new employment.In practice,small and medium enterprises are the engine of economic development.It is a sector that promotes private property and entrepreneurial skills.According to experts on economic issues,SMEs are today and in the future,not only in Serbia,the Region,but also in the world,a synonym for the private sector-for entrepreneurship.Comparative analysis shows the advantage of SMEs,especially in flexible business,where they can quickly adapt to change and can fully meet market demands.

Barriers to the Growth of Small and Medium Scale Construction Enterprises in Ghana

The construction industry in most developing economies is dominated heavily by small and medium scale enterprises. These construction enterprises need to thrive in an extremely competitive business environment. Conversely, most of these small and medium scale construction enterprises (SMSCE) are fraught with a plethora of barriers that inhibit and threaten their growth and survival. This research sought to evaluate the critical barriers that affect the growth of SMSCEs in the Ghanaian Construction Industry. The quantitative research method was adopted using a structured questionnaire with variables that were identified through a comprehensive literature review. The survey questionnaire was administered to 400 respondents comprising 250 SMSCEs, 100 Local Authority Engineers, and 50 Consultants to elicit data based on the identified variables. The major findings established by the study as barriers to the growth of SMSCEs in Ghana are largely structured as financial/fiscal barriers, business development barriers, technical/technological barriers, corruption barriers, knowledge management barriers, project acquisition barriers. A guiding framework should be developed based on the barriers identified to aid the growth and survival of SMSCEs in Ghana.

我国中小皮革企业在国际贸易中的机遇与挑战

全球皮革市场的稳定增长趋势为中小企业提供了广阔的市场空间和潜在的发展机遇。随着消费者对皮革制品需求的增加,中小皮革企业在国际贸易中面临诸多机遇和各种挑战。为应对这些挑战,中小企业应加强品牌建设、提升技术创新能力,并灵活调整经营策略,以适应市场变化。本文旨在深入剖析我国中小皮革企业在国际贸易中的机遇与挑战,探讨其应对策略和发展路径,以期为相关企业提供有益的参考和借鉴。

Financial Dependence and Economic Growth in Spain

The authors intend to contribute in this paper towards a debate on the consequences of external financing needs of small and medium enterprises （SMEs） regarding its economic growth. The authors＇ research differs for using like proxy of external financing dependence of SMEs the flows of investments that cannot be financed with generated cash flows. The results thus obtained show that financial dependence accounts for economic growth of SMEs, and that there are other variables of control of significance such as those of financial development. The authors present evidence on better soundness achievement about conclusions pertaining to SMEs if they obtained results emerge from independent sub-sectors in SMEs, especially in those countries with a higher percentage of small-sized companies, which do not answer in the same way to the considered model

“专精特新”中小企业高质量发展组态研究——基于TOE框架的fsQCA分析

“专精特新”中小企业已成为提高产业链的基础。基于TOE理论框架,利用fsQCA从组态视角对样本案例进行分析,探索“专精特新”中小企业高质量发展的必要条件及组态路径,进而针对性地给出“专精特新”中小企业高质量发展的对策建议。

浅析中小光伏玻璃企业外贸业务中问题及对策

近年来,随着双碳政策提出,光伏新能源迎来了发展的一波热潮,同时也加剧了产业激烈的竞争,在不断变化的竞争格局中,为探索中小光伏玻璃企业如何在保有现有国内客户基础上,积极拓展外贸业务以应对企业经营风险,分析研究了中小光伏玻璃企业外贸业务发展中的问题并制定了解决问题的对策,为光伏玻璃产业的中小企业提供建议和参考。

数字经济与中小企业生存:促进或抑制?

数字经济发展浪潮下,促进中小企业生存是中国经济高质量发展的重要路径。本文在理论分析基础上,结合采用因子分析法构建的2014—2021年城市数字经济发展指数和中小企业生存能力指数,实证检验了数字经济对中小企业生存的影响及其机制。研究发现,数字经济发展对中小企业生存具有显著的正向作用。这一结论在进行多种稳健性检验后仍成立。机制分析发现,数字经济发展具有融资约束缓解效应和代理成本节约效应,即数字经济通过优化中小企业自身融资能力和外部融资环境缓解融资约束,通过减少信息不对称和管理者决策过程中的非理性降低代理成本,进而促进中小企业生存。异质性分析发现,数字经济发展对东中部地区、制造业和管理效率高的中小企业的正向促进作用更显著。

知识产权金融赋能科技型中小企业创新发展:作用机理、现实困境与政策建议

科技型中小企业是提升科技创新能力的重要载体,是保持经济韧性的重要支撑,是发展新质生产力的重要力量。《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的决定》明确指出,要加强对国家重大科技任务和科技型中小企业的金融支持。目前,我国科技型中小企业创新发展面临“融资难、融资贵”困境,利用知识产权进行融资可以为科技型中小企业拓宽融资渠道,为科技型中小企业创新发展增添新动力。以科技型中小企业为研究主体,从知识产权金融视角出发,通过作用机理分析、现实情况考量、实践经验总结等途径探索知识产权金融赋能科技型中小企业创新发展面临的现实困境,进而提出针对性政策建议十分必要。通过重点分析知识产权证券化、知识产权融资租赁等其他融资模式,为科技型中小企业利用知识产权融资提供实践指导,可为完善知识产权金融赋能科技型中小企业创新发展理论体系提供智力支撑。

长春市“专精特新”中小企业创新发展路径研究

“专精特新”中小企业作为创新发展的重要力量,在推动经济增长、提升产业链供应链竞争力方面发挥着关键作用。长春市作为中国东北地区重要的工业基地,积极响应国家关于“专精特新”中小企业的发展战略,致力于培育具有专业化、精细化、特色化和新颖化的中小企业。当前,长春市中小企业在发展过程中面临科技创新不足、高水平人才短缺、融资困难以及服务体系不健全等问题。为促进长春市“专精特新”中小企业创新发展,应加大科技创新投入、推动产学研合作、优化金融服务体系,并完善“专精特新”中小企业服务体系建设。

“专精特新”中小企业高质量发展路径优化研究:浙江为例

为纵深推进经济高质量发展,实现共同富裕示范区建设,浙江抓住改革开放先发优势,基于深厚产业基础,积极培育“专精特新”中小企业,以提升“三链”自主可控性,维护国家安全。浙江“专精特新”中小企业是建设共同富裕示范区的根基,是发展数字经济主力军,是打造先进制造业基地总抓手,在高速发展中也面临着知识产权融资机制尚不健全、创新能力需进一步加强、技术创新面临融资困境、专利技术市场认可度低、数字化转型面临鸿沟、数字集群建设有待加强等问题。对此,提出路径优化策略,主要有发挥知识产权价值、促进创新生态体系建设、支持多元融资方式发展、做好营商环境优化工作、健全数字化转型支撑体系、引导中小企业集群发展。

中小企业“智改数转”动因、问题与实施路径研究

本文剖析了“智改数转”涵义、动因与现实意义;对中小企业实施“智改数转”的产业环境、政策环境进行了分析与研究,总结出中小企业实施“智改数转”面临的两大问题,即认识问题和基础薄弱。对于“智改数转”的思想认识、方案形成与具体实施,主张采取自下而上和自上而下两者相结合的形式,但其中自上而下的决策和实施过程需要占据主导地位。而对于企业“智改数转”基础,提出企业首先做好管理升级、实施两化融合、上ERP系统、进行大量的员工素质培训、技能培训、观念培训等。提出中小企业实施“智改数转”的参考路径为:诊断-全员实施-选择性实施-由内向外实施等。

数字金融对科技型中小企业技术创新效率的影响——基于政府研究与开发(R&D)补贴协同作用的分析

随着中国数字化技术的广泛应用,数字金融作为数字技术与传统金融融合的创新产物,对提升企业技术创新效率的影响值得探究。基于信息不对称理论和交易成本理论,探究数字金融对科技型中小企业的技术创新效率的影响;基于吸收能力理论,探究政府R&D补贴在数字金融驱动科技型中小企业技术创新效率过程中的协同激励效应;基于数据包络分析(DEA)三阶段模型,对2016—2020年中国科技型中小企业技术创新效率测算,运用Tobit模型检验数字金融对科技型中小企业技术创新效率的影响机制,并进一步探究政府R&D补贴与数字金融的协同作用。研究结果表明:中国科技型中小企业整体技术创新效率不高,且具有一定的波动性。具体来看,纯技术效率明显高于规模效率,数字金融能够显著提升科技型中小企业技术创新效率;政府R&D补贴与数字金融在提升科技型中小企业技术创新效率方面具有协同激励效应。根据实证结果提出对策建议:科技型中小企业在发展过程中应重点关注技术创新效率问题,同时政府需要发挥引导性作用,强化政府R&D补贴在数字金融服务科技型中小企业技术创新过程中的激励效应。

产融合作与中小企业数字化转型协同发展模式与路径研究

党的二十大报告指出,要建设现代化产业体系,推进新型工业化。产融合作是现代化产业体系的重要特征,随着新一代信息技术的高速发展,产融合作逐渐走深向实。中小企业是推进新型工业化的生力军,中小企业数字化转型是新型工业化的必然要求,而产融合作是实现中小企业数字化转型的重要抓手,产融合作与中小企业数字化转型协同发展将对新型工业化建设产生巨大的叠加效应。本文结合产融合作和中小企业数字化转型协同发展的内在逻辑,从政府部门、链长企业、服务商三个维度梳理了现有的实践路径,并立足解决产融合作和中小企业数字化转型协同发展面临的问题,研究提出了相应启示建议。

从新经济地理学视角看京津冀协同发展

京津冀协同发展作为重大国家战略,是拉动全国经济发展的一大重要引擎,有序疏解非首都功能无疑是京津冀协同发展的战略核心和重中之重。以往的研究视角大多围绕北京展开讨论,忽略了对周边中小城市的承载力和吸引力的分析。以新经济地理学为视角,可以结合ABM构建一个基于垄断竞争、集聚与规模经济、交通成本、市场一体化的多区域空间分析框架。通过政策模拟不难发下如下四点:第一,中小城市基础设施的改善有利于疏解,但存在“门槛效应”,跨过“门槛”才能实现有效疏解;第二,提高中小城市与中心城市之间的交通连通性,能够进一步提升疏解效果;第三,通过创新提升本地产品的多样化和差异化多样程度,并建立市场的开放制度,通过企业进入与退出的市场竞争机制,实现高质量的疏解与集聚;第四,通过企业和人才补贴,可以短期内提升中小城市的市场规模,促进企业和人口的流动。