黄柏(Phellodendron amurense Rupr．)枝条组培快繁技术研究

以黄柏枝条为外植体,通过研究MS培养基不同激素对黄柏枝条初始萌发的表现,筛选黄柏最佳培养基新配方,结果表明:最适宜黄柏茎段萌动的培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,最适宜的增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L,最适宜的生根培养基为MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L+IAA 0.2 mg/L。

Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of Phellodendron amurense

The aqueous extract of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. （Amur Cork Tree） provides a rich source of antioxidants and chemical compounds, and can be used for food and wood preservative materials. In this study, we characterized the chemical composition of this extract by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using a variety of antioxidant assays （superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, and DPPH radical scavenging activity）. Additionally, total polyphenolic content was determined. Phenolic acids and acetone derivatives were major compounds of the extract capable of scavenging the DPPH free radical and reducing ferric ions. DPPH and ferric ion reduction results were strongly correlated with total phenolic content of the extract which also exhibited strong nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities.

Multiscale analysis of the contents of palmatine in the Nature populations of Phellodendron amurense in Northeast China

Palmatine is a valuable ingredient in Chinese medicine that is produced by Phellodendron amurense Rupr. The contents of palmatine content in root bark, trunk bark, perennial branch bark, annual branches, and leaves of the trees with different ages and geographies in Northeast China were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The contents of palmatine in the barks of root, trunk, and perennial branch were significantly higher than those in annual branches and leaves. The contents of palmatine in trunk bark and root bark from Lesser Khingan Mountains increased with age, which is significantly opposite to other three vegetation types. The contents of palmatine in perennial branch bark, annual bark and leaves had no significant reg- ularity. Moreover, the contents of palmatine in samples of root bark, trunk bark, perennial branch bark and annual bark varied significantly with latitude. The nature populations of P. amurense growing at low latitude contained significantly more palmatine than those growing at high latitude. These results provide a scientific basis for the reasonable cultivation and efficient utilization of P. amurense.

Determination of berberine in Phellodendron amurense from different sites of Changbai Mountain

Phellodendron amurense has been used for many years as a medical plant in traditional Chinese medicine and has shown great prospect in recent clinical trials for future applications. Berberine is an essential active compound contained in P. amurense. Our objective in this study was to quantify the content of berberine in P.amurense from sites at different elevations on Changbai Mountain. We collected samples of P. amurense from five different elevations on Changbai Mountain. Berberine in samples was extracted by ultrahigh pressure extraction（UPE）. And the quantity was measured by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. First, the optimal HPLC conditions for berberine were identified with satisfactory precision（relative standard deviation, R SD／5.6 %）, good accuracy（relative error, R E／ 3.6 %） and good linear relation（R2= 0.9998） in the range of 6.576–328.8 mg L-1. Second, the combination of UPE and HPLC methods in quantitative analysis of berberine showed high repeatability（R SD= 3.28 %）, reproducibility（R SD= 4.72 %）,stability（R SD／ 1.27 %） and good recovery（99.54 %） for real plant materials. Samples from Heilongjiang Province at the lowest elevation contained the highest amount of berberine.Similarly, the lowest amount of berberine was recorded in samples from Changbai Forest Bureau of Jilin Province collected at the highest elevation in this paper. The proposed UPE–HPLC method is simple, reliable and low-cost for quantitative analysis of berberine. Content of berberine in P.amurense varied significantly by site on Changbai Mountain.

Study on Anti-gout Effect of Phellodendron amurense and Its Processed Products

[Objectives] This study was conducted to study the anti-gout effect of Phellodendron amurense and its different processed products.[Methods] Extracts of P. amurense and its different processed products were fed to rats respectively, to observe uric acid and creatinine in the serum and swelling index.[Results] Compared with the data of positive control, P. amurense and the processed products could significantly reduce the high uric acid and creatinine in the serum, and also could resist the swelling in rats.[Conclusions] P. amurense and its processed products showed different degrees of anti-gout effect, and the processing methods were found to have no remarkable impact on this effect.

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on the Content of Nitrogen and Nitrogenous Matter in Amur Corktree Seedlings

[Objective] This study aimed to explore the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on the content of nitrogen and nitrogenous matter in amur corktree（Phellodendron amurense Rupr.）seedlings. [Method] The annual seedlings of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. were inoculated with four arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi in a pot experiment to study the influences of arbuscular mycorrhiza on the content of nitrogen and nitrogenous matter in Phellodendron amurense Rupr. [Result] After inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, the Phellodendron amurense Rupr. seedlings developed arbuscular mycorrhiza, leading to an enhancement of photosynthetic capacity. The leaf nitrogen content of those inoculated with Glomus mosseae increased to 1.28- 1.60 times as compared with the control. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio were also raised, with an increase over 25% of chlorophyll a content. In addition, IAA content in plants increased to 1.65-2.41 times; and nitrate reductase activity was also enhanced, as well as soluble protein content, 1.67-2.49 times as high as the control, which improved the nitrogen metabolic ability, and promoted the plant growth, as well as the secondary metabolic ability. [Conclusion] This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza on Phellodendron amurense Rupr.

滤光膜对黄檗(Phellodendron amuranse)幼苗三种生物碱含量的影响

以滤光膜遮光处理1年生黄檗(Phellodendron amuranse)幼苗,测定了幼苗生物量及根、茎外皮中的小檗碱、药根碱和掌叶防己碱含量。红色、黄色、蓝色和绿色滤光膜对黄檗幼苗的根和茎生物量都有不同程度的抑制作用,其中黄膜的抑制作用最小,而蓝膜和绿膜的抑制作用最强。滤光膜处理也不同程度地抑制了小檗碱、药根碱和掌叶防己碱的合成和积累,红膜的抑制作用最小,蓝膜和绿膜的抑制作用最强。滤光膜处理后,3种生物碱的单株产量都低于对照,红膜处理小檗碱的产量显著高于黄膜处理,但红膜和黄膜处理下的药根碱和掌叶防己碱的产量差异不显著,蓝膜和绿膜处理的3种生物碱的产量都始终最低。滤光膜处理不利于黄檗幼苗的生长和上述3种生物碱的积累。

关黄柏多糖对大鼠痛风性肾病的改善作用及机制研究

目的研究关黄柏多糖(PAP)对大鼠痛风性肾病(GN)的改善作用,并通过丝裂原激活蛋白激酶p38(p38 MAPK)/核因子κB(NF-κB)/肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)信号通路初步探讨其作用机制。方法将60只大鼠按体重分层后随机分为正常组(水)、模型组(水)、别嘌醇组(阳性对照,20 mg/kg)和PAP高、中、低剂量组(100、50、25 mg/kg,以生药量计),每组10只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠均采取1500 mg/kg氧嗪酸钾和100 mg/kg腺嘌呤联合灌胃14 d构建GN模型。造模成功后,各组大鼠灌胃相应药物/水,每天1次,连续28 d。末次给药后,检测大鼠肾功能相关生化指标[尿酸、肌酐(Cr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)],观察大鼠肾组织病理形态学变化,检测大鼠肾组织中单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)、TNF-α、白细胞介素6(IL-6)蛋白表达水平和p38MAPK、NF-κB p65蛋白的磷酸化水平。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肾小管扩张,肾小球结构损坏,并伴有炎症浸润与纤维化;尿酸、Cr、BUN、XOD含量以及MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6蛋白表达水平和p38 MAPK、NF-κB p65蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与模型组比较,PAP各剂量组大鼠的肾组织病理症状均有不同程度改善;PAP高、中剂量组大鼠尿酸、Cr、BUN、XOD含量以及MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6蛋白表达水平和p38 MAPK、NF-κB p65蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论PAP具有抗GN的作用,其机制可能与抑制p38 MAPK/NF-κB/TNF-α信号通路的激活有关。

不同气候情景下小兴安岭3个珍稀易危树种的潜在分布预测

【目的】水曲柳、黄菠萝和紫椴为小兴安岭地区亚顶极群落主要建群树种,分析水曲柳、黄菠萝和紫椴在全球气候变化的背景下的潜在分布区,揭示气候变化对植物分布格局影响,进而为森林质量精准提升和国家储备林建设提供依据。【方法】基于19个气候因子、土壤以及海拔数据,运用MaxEnt模型预测了小兴安岭地区3个珍稀易危树种当前、未来(2021—2040年、2041—2060年、2061—2080年和2081—2100年)4种气候变化情景(ssp126、ssp245、ssp370和ssp585)下潜在分布情况。【结果】1)MaxEnt模型拟合效果良好,AUC值均大于0.7;2)水曲柳重要环境因子依次为年降水量、最热季度的平均温度、最湿月份降水;黄菠萝重要环境因子依次为年降水量、最冷季度的平均温度、最冷季降水;紫椴重要环境因子依次为年平均温度、年降水量、最冷季度的平均温度;3)未来气候变化条件下,水曲柳适生区面积波动较大;黄菠萝在ssp370气候情景下,适生区面积缩减程度最大,其他情况适生区面积趋于平稳;紫椴适生区面积为21 769.87~25 579.46 km^(2),变化范围小,适生区面积有减小趋势。4种气候变化下3个树种核心区中心海拔升高31~222 m。【结论】为使小兴安岭地区森林质量提升,以适地适树为原则,可在伊春市大力种植黄菠萝,在黑河市南部和伊春市北部大力种植紫椴。气候变化对水曲柳影响较大,适生区存在面积小,并且适生区等级降低面积大,建议加大对水曲柳保护力度。

基于网络药理学和体内实验分析黄柏多糖治疗肝损伤的作用机制

目的 基于网络药理学分析黄柏治疗肝损伤的作用及分子机制,并通过小鼠体内实验验证相关预测靶点及黄柏提取物-黄柏多糖对免疫性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 利用TCMSP和Swiss target prediction数据库检索并筛选黄柏的有效成分及作用靶点,然后在GeneCards和OMIM网站获得疾病相关靶点,取化合物与疾病交集靶点做蛋白互作分析、GO生物功能和KEGG信号途径富集分析,接着对化合物及关键靶点蛋白进行分子对接,最后建立刀豆蛋白A(Con A)诱导的小鼠肝损伤模型探讨黄柏提取物治疗肝损伤的作用机制。结果 黄柏中共筛选出37个有效成分,其治疗关键靶点为肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶1(AKT1)、信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)和半胱天蛋白酶3(CASP3)等,富集分析显示黄柏可能通过MAPK级联反应的正向调控、氧化应激反应等分子机制及调控PI3K-Akt信号通路、脂质和动脉粥样硬化等通路发挥对肝脏的保护作用。动物实验发现黄柏多糖灌胃处理可提高肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)及肝组织丙二醛(MDA)水平,调控血清炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的表达,并降低肝组织中TNF-α mRNA表达。结论 黄柏可通过作用于TNF-α、AKT1、STAT3、EGFR和CASP3等靶点,干预脂质和动脉粥样硬化通路来减轻氧化应激反应和炎症反应,达到保肝作用。

不同光照强度对黄波椤苗木根系形态和菌根侵染率的影响

在东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场苗圃,选取健康且长势一致的1年生黄波椤(Phellodendron amurense Rupr.)苗木(苗高15.1 cm,地径6.0 mm),统一进行切根处理(切去根系总长的2/3),移栽入塑料花盆中,移栽后缓苗1个月;利用遮光棚对盆栽苗木进行3个遮光处理(铺设1层、2层、3层遮光网),以全光(自然光)为对照,共4个处理(光照强度分别为100%(对照)、65%全光、35%全光、20%全光);遮光处理1个月后,于7、8、10月份分别对4个处理的苗木进行破坏性取样,将苗木带土完整取出剪下苗木根系,将根系分成不同根序(1级根、2级根、3级根),记录各根序细根的数量;测定主根长、根系体积、根系平均直径、比根长、组织密度、分支比、分支强度、菌根侵染率,分析不同遮光处理对黄波椤苗木根系形态和菌根侵染率的影响。结果表明:由光照强度为100%(对照)至20%全光,随遮光强度增大,苗木主根长和1级侧根数均先增大后减小;且光照强度为65%全光时的主根长,显著高于光照强度为20%全光时的主根长(P<0.05)。不同根序比根长,均随遮光强度增大而增大;2、3级根直径和分支比,均随遮光强度增大先增大后减小;10月份2级根,光照强度为65%全光时的分支强度,显著高于光照强度为100%(对照)时的分支强度(P<0.05)。苗木经遮光处理时的菌根侵染率,与光照强度为100%(对照)的菌根侵染率相比,呈降低趋势;其中,光照强度为35%全光遮光处理时的菌根侵染率,显著低于光照强度为100%(对照)时的菌根侵染率(P<0.05)。综合试验结果,适度遮光(光照强度为65%全光)有利于黄波椤苗木根系生长,重度遮光抑制根系生长;遮光对黄波椤苗木菌根侵染具有明显影响,全光有利于菌根侵染,过度遮光时菌根侵染率降低。

Inhibitory Effect of the Extract of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht Root on Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice

Objective： To investigate whether the dried root of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht（Phellodendri cortex; PC） extract improves arthritic symptoms through anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects in collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Methods： Rheumatoid arthritis（RA） was induced in male DBA/1 mice by immunization with type Ⅱ collagen（ColⅡ）. CIA mice were divided into 5 groups（n=10 per a group） with normal, CIA control, PC extract（50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg）-treated, and meloxicam（50 mg/kg）-treated as the reference drug. The PC extract or meloxicam were administered orally in CIA mice once a day for 14 days after arthritis induction. Arthritic score, levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, prostaglandin E2（PGE2）, tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α, and interleukin（IL）-17 in the sera of CIA mice were measured. Histopathological changes in the ankle joints of CIA mice were also analyzed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin（H and E）, safranin-O and immunohistochemistry using anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-17 antibodies. Results： The arthritic score was increased in CIA mice in a time-dependent manner, as were the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17. However, the oral administration of PC extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg in CIA mice significantly decreased the arthritic scores, and the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17 compared with those in the CIA group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Furthermore, histopathological improvement of the joint architecture in CIA mice was observed after administration of PC extract. PC extract also significantly inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-17 in the joints of CIA mice by suppressing the expression of their m RNA and proteins. Conclusion： PC extract may improve the pathological progression of RA through the inhibition of joint destruction by synovial inflammation and immune-stimulation, therefore, it would be a potential anti-arthritic agent in RA.

微波辅助离子液体提取黄檗生物碱的工艺研究

采用微波辅助离子液体提取方法从黄檗树皮中提取3种生物碱(药根碱、巴马汀和小檗碱)。首先基于单因素试验考察离子液体的种类和料液比对提取效率的影响,进一步考察离子液体浓度、提取时间和温度3种因素对提取效率的影响,最终应用Box-Behnken响应面方法优化,得到最佳提取工艺,并与传统提取方法进行比较。研究结果表明,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑嗅盐([Bmim][Br])溶液对生物碱的提取效率最高,最佳提取条件为离子液体浓度为0.31 mol/L,温度为94℃,时间为15 min,在该条件下药根碱得率为0.047%±0.003%,巴马汀得率为0.421%±0.011%,小檗碱得率为1.150%±0.028%。与传统水加热回流法相比,提取效率分别高出9.3%、12.8%和23.6%。该研究表明,利用微波辅助离子液体提取技术可以高效地从黄檗树皮中提取生物碱,为提取黄檗中活性成分提供坚实的理论基础和实证支持。

响应面法优化黄柏多糖的提取工艺及其抗氧化作用研究

试验采用响应面法优化黄柏中多糖成分的提取工艺,并研究其抗氧化活性。选择多糖提取中影响较大的4个因素(提取温度、提取时间、超声功率和液料比)为考察对象,以单因素试验结果为基础,采用Box-Behnken设计响应面法优化黄柏多糖的提取工艺,通过测定黄柏多糖对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基和羟基自由基清除作用,评价黄柏多糖的抗氧化活性。结果显示,响应面优化的最优提取工艺为提取温度79℃、提取时间54 min、超声功率59 W、液料比23 mL/g,此时黄柏多糖得率为达到3.19%。黄柏多糖浓度为5 g/L时,对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基的最大清除率分别为61%和39%。研究表明,优化得到的黄柏多糖超声提取工艺稳定可行,黄柏多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性。

基质理化性质对黄檗幼苗生物量及生理指标的影响

【目的】探讨不同基质配比理化性质对黄檗幼苗生物量及生理指标的影响,揭示黄檗幼苗对基质理化性质的适应性,旨在为黄檗优质容器苗的生产提供科学的理论依据与技术支撑。【方法】以黄檗1年生幼苗为试验材料,以田园土、泥炭土为基质原料,按照不同体积比例配置成9种基质,采用单因素随机区组试验设计,比较9种基质理化性质及不同配比基质容器苗生物量和生理指标的差异性,并对其进行相关性分析。【结果】9种配比基质的理化性质存在显著差异。其密度、电导率、持水量、pH值范围分别为0.303~2.1 g·cm^(-3)、0.15~0.47 mS·cm^(-1)、1.3%~2.95%、6.11~8.31,添加泥炭土各基质的有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、全N、全P均显著高于田园土,密度则显著低于田园土,5个配比基质(M2、M3、M4、M5、M6)的理化性质较好。基质中随着添加泥炭体积分数的增加,苗木的生物量、质量指数及叶绿素含量整体呈增加的趋势,泥炭土添加体积分数≥50%基质的有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、全N、全P均显著高于田园土,其中M4配比基质(泥炭土:田园土=3:1)中苗木的生物量、质量指数和叶绿素含量最高,表现出明显的优势。相关性分析显示,基质的pH值、全N、全P与黄檗幼苗的大部分生物量之间存在显著或极显著的负相关关系,叶绿素含量与有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾呈显著正相关。【结论】田园土中添加不同比例泥炭土显著改变基质的理化性质,泥炭土添加体积分数≥50%的基质配比其理化性质均较好。添加泥炭体积75%的基质其育苗效果最好,是黄檗容器育苗的理想基质。

珍稀濒危药用植物黄檗野生种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析

黄檗(Phellodendronamurense)是我国珍贵的药用和用材树种,现已被列为国家二级保护植物。为了研究其遗传多样性和遗传结构,以制定有针对性的保护策略,作者采用8对荧光引物,对来自10个野生种群共计129个黄檗个体进行了AFLP分析。共扩增出1,704条谱带,其中多态带1,581条。遗传分化系数Gst为0.3420,即有34.20%的遗传变异来自种群间。黄檗物种水平的遗传多样性高于种群水平:在物种水平上,多态位点百分率PPL=92.77%,有效等位基因数Ne=1.4636,Nei’s基因多样性指数H=0.2316,Shannon信息指数I=0.4275;在种群水平上,PPL=54.20%,Ne=1.2487,H=0.1524,I=0.2371。UPGMA聚类结果表明,黄檗野生种群可分为四类,并且来自同一地区的黄檗个体有聚为一类的趋势,说明其遗传变异可能与生境有关。建议在各种群内大量采样,实施迁地保护;在长白山、完达山、大兴安岭、小兴安岭、千山以及燕山山脉的云蒙山等地区,均匀布点划分区域进行就地保护,保护种群完整性,促进种群自我更新。

盐制对黄柏抗痛风作用的影响

目的 :研究盐制对黄柏抗痛风作用的影响。方法 :以小鼠血清尿酸水平和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性为指标 ,评价黄柏生品和盐制品抗痛风作用。结果 :黄柏生品和盐制品低剂量和高剂量均可降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平 ,抑制小鼠肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性 ,具有抗痛风作用。二者的高剂量组对正常动物血清尿酸水平仅有一定降低的趋势 ,但无显著性差异。黄柏盐制品作用可能略弱于生品。结论

水分胁迫对黄檗幼苗三种生物碱含量的影响

黄檗(Phellodendronamurense)是东北阔叶红松林的重要伴生树种,也是我国名贵中药关黄柏的药源植物,小檗碱(berberine)、药根碱(jatrorrhizine)、掌叶防己碱(palmatine)是研究者通常关注的主要黄檗生物碱。通过池栽法和渗灌控水方式设置了对照、轻度干旱、重度干旱和水涝(土壤水势分别控制在-40^-20KPa、-80^-60KPa、<-80KPa和-20~0KPa)4种水分处理,比较了不同水分状况下黄檗幼苗小檗碱、药根碱及掌叶防己碱含量的变化。对于当年生的黄檗幼苗,总体上轻度干旱有利于上述3种生物碱的合成与积累,重度干旱处理下幼苗3种生物碱的含量与对照差异不大,而水涝处理则导致幼苗3种生物碱的含量显著降低。同时,干旱或水涝处理都导致黄檗幼苗生长受抑,幼苗的株高、茎径和生物量都显著低于对照幼苗,因此3种生物碱的单株产量仍是对照的黄檗幼苗最高。茎外皮是中药黄柏的药用部位,也是黄檗幼苗中3种生物碱含量最丰的部位,实验结果预示短期的轻度干旱处理可以提高茎外皮的小檗碱含量,这对以获取生物碱为目的的黄檗幼苗培育可能有参考价值。

氮素形态对黄檗幼苗三种生物碱含量的影响

通过改变水培溶液中NH+4-N和NO3--N的比例,探讨了氮素形态对黄檗幼苗主要药用成分小檗碱、药根碱及掌叶防己碱含量的影响。结果表明,小檗碱的含量与氮素形态有明显关系,在根和茎中都表现为NO3--N比例高更有利于小檗碱的积累。单纯的NO3--N供给最有利于药根碱在黄檗幼苗根中的积累,而处理46d后,NH4+-N/NO3--N为75/25和25/75时黄檗幼苗茎中的药根碱含量最高。黄檗幼苗根和茎中的掌叶防己碱含量对营养液中NH4+-N和NO3--N的比例反应类似,在处理46d后,掌叶防己碱含量由高到低所对应的NH4+-N/NO-3-N为25/75、50/50、75/25、0/100、100/0。处理33d后,黄檗幼苗根中的小檗碱、药根碱、掌叶防己碱含量随处理天数的增加呈下降趋势,而在茎中呈上升趋势。如果同时考虑氮素形态对黄檗幼苗生物量的影响,那么NH4+-N/NO3--N为0/100时其小檗碱产量(含量与生物量乘积)最高,而NH4+-N/NO-3-N为25/75时药根碱和掌叶防已碱的产量最高。

光强对黄檗幼苗三种生物碱含量的影响

设置光强分别为全光照的100%(不遮荫)、75%、50%和25%的4种光照处理,比较了不同光强下1年生黄檗幼苗主要药用成分小檗碱、药根碱和掌叶防己碱含量的变化。结果表明,全光照有利于小檗碱、药根碱和掌叶防己碱在茎外皮和根中的合成和积累,总体上随光强减弱,3种生物碱含量降低。相对光强为75%时黄檗幼苗生物量最大,而75%相对光强下黄檗幼苗3种生物碱的单株产量(生物碱含量与生物量之积)最高。