Clopidogrel resistance response in patients with coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome： the role of hyperglycemia and obesity

clopidogrel 的证明好处联合了的 BackgroundDespite 为冠的动脉疾病(CAD ) 的阿司匹林治疗，有新陈代谢的症候群(MS ) 的 CAD 病人仍然趋于有冠的 thrombotic 事件。我们试图与经历经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准) 的 CAD 在病人在 clopidogrel 治疗的功效上调查新陈代谢的风险因素的影响有冠的 angiography (CAG ) 识别的 CAD 的 168 MS 和 168 个非 MS 题目的 .MethodsCohorts 在我们的学习被注册。MS 被修改成年治疗面板 III 标准定义。所有题目服 100 mg 阿司匹林和 75 mg clopidogrel 日报超过 1 个月了，并且管理装载 600 mg clopidogrel 和 300 mg 的剂量在一种总线标准前的阿司匹林。血样品在 clopidogrel 和阿司匹林的装载剂量以后被花 24 h。血小板聚集用轻发射度 aggregometry (LTA ) 和 thrombelastography (两岁的羊) 被测量。Clopidogrel 抵抗是定义 as&#x000a0；超过 50% 腺苷 diphosphate (自动数据处理) 导致了由自动数据处理由 TEG.ResultsPlatelet 聚集抑制率测量了的血小板聚集在有由两岁的羊测量了两个的 MS 的病人是显著地更低的(55%&#x000b1；31% 对 68%&#x000b1；32% ；P &#x0003c；0.001 ) 并且 LTA (29%&#x000b1；23% 对 42%&#x000b1；29% ；P &#x0003c；0.001 ) 。在 multivariate 分析，老[或(95% CI ) ：1.483 (1.047-6.248 ) ；P = 0.002 ] ，肥胖[或(95% CI ) ：3.608 (1.241-10.488 ) ；P = 0.018 ] ，高 fasting 血浆葡萄糖水平[或(95% CI ) ：2.717 (1.176-6.277 ) ；P = 0.019 ] 并且 hyperuricemia [或(95% CI ) ：2.583 (1.095-6.094 ) ；P = 0.030 ] 都统计上为 clopidogrel 抵抗冒险因素。有糖尿病和肥胖的 CAD 病人是更可能的没有糖尿病和肥胖，比 CAD 病人有 clopidogrel 抵抗[75%(61/81 ) 对 43%(67/156 ) ；P &#x0003c；0.001 ] 没有 MS，有 MS 的 .ConclusionsCAD 病人看起来与那些相比有更差的 antiplatelet 反应到 clopidogrel。肥胖，糖尿病和 hyperuricemia 都显著地与 clopidogrel 抵抗被联系。

Risk of coronary arterial lesions in immunoglobulin resistant Kawasaki disease

Objective: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) decreases the risk for development of coronary arterial lesions (CAL) in Kawasaki disease (KD) while patients resistant to IVIG have higher risk. This study is aimed to investigate an additional therapy affects the risk for CAL in IVIG resistant KD. Design: The information from 11,510 children with KD was collected by the nationwide survey (2003-2004) in Japan. The secondary therapeutic strategies for IVIG resistant KD were an additional IVIG dose, steroids or both. The incidence of CAL was compared among 4 groups: G1, children responded to initial IVIG;G2, IVIG resistant patients receiving an additional IVIG dose;G3, IVIG resistant patients receiving additional steroids;G4, IVIG resistant patients receiving an additional IVIG dose plus steroids. CAL was assessed at 30th day of illness using ultrasound echocardiography. Results: 2229 patients (19.4%) were resistant to initial IVIG. Incidence of CAL was significantly lower in children responding to initial IVIG than in IVIG resistant patients (1.9% and 11.0%, respectively;odd’s ratio 6.3). The incidences of CAL in an each additional therapy group were as follows: G2: 6.7%, G3: 9.7%, G4: 22.2%. The risk for CAL was significantly higher in G4 as compared with G2 and G3. Giant aneurysmal formation (GA) was more frequently developed in G3 and G4 consisting of the patients receiving steroids (G1: 0.03%, G2: 0.63%, G3: 4.3%, G4: 3.7%). Conclusion: The incidence of CAL was considerably high in IVIG resistant KD and an additional therapy by steroids may increase the risk for GA.

Effect of nicorandil on the coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamics in patients with coronary slow flow

Objective:To explore the effect of nicorandil on the coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamics in patients with coronary slow flow (CSF).Methods: A total of 86 patients with CSF who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and randomized into the treatment group and the control group with 43 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given aspirin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, and ACEI. On this basis, the patients in the treatment group were given nicorandil. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for 6 months. The coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamic indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared.Results:TAT, ET-1, and hs-CRP levels, LAD, LCX, RCA, TIMI average blood flow frame count value, and IMR after treatment in the two groups were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment (P<0.05). The above indicators after treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). FMD after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated when compared with before treatment (P<0.05). FMD after treatment in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Nicorandil in the treatment of CSF can effectively improve the coronary artery microcirculation and hemodynamics, with a significant efficacy.

ASSOCIATION OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH NORMAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE

Objective To examine insulin resistance and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) association with clinical and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with normal glucose tolerance. Methods In 638 consecutive patients with normal glucose tolerance, 221 had atypical chest pain and normal coronary artery (control group), 279 had stable angina and CAD (SAP group), and 138 suffered acute myocardial infarction (MI group). The degree of CAD was further divided into borderline lesion (lumen diameter narrowing 50%-69%), significant 1-, 2- or 3-vessel disease (luminal diameter narrowing ≥70%). Fasting serum glucose, insulin and hsCRP levels and lipid profiles were measured, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess risk factors for 3-vessel disease or acute MI. Results Serum hsCRP, lipoprotein (a) levels, and insulin resistance index (IRI) were higher in AMI group than those in SAP and control groups. Serum hsCRP level and IRI were also higher in 3-vessel disease than those in other groups. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that insulin resistance, cigarette smoking, serum hsCRP, and lipoprotein (a) levels were independent risk factors for acute MI. Lipoprotein (a) elevation was an independent risk factor for 3-vessel disease. Conclusion Insulin resistance and high serum hsCRP level were associated with occurrence of acute MI and angiographic severity of coronary disease in patients with normal glucose tolerance.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus:A review

The exploration of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in diabetes has accelerated in recent years.Cardiac function is compromised in diabetes.Diabetic patients manifest accelerated atherosclerosis in coronary arteries.These data are confirmed in diabetic animal mod-els,where lesions of small coronary arteries have been described.These concepts are epitomized in the classic microvascular complications of diabetes,i.e.blindness,kidney failure and distal dry gangrene.Most importantly,accumulating data indicate that insights gained from the link between inflammation and diabetes can yield predictive and prognostic information of considerable clinical utility.This review summarizes the evidence for the predisposing factors and the mechanisms involved in diabetes,and assesses the current state of knowledge regarding the triggers for inflammation in this disease.We evaluate the roles of hyperglycemia,oxidative stress,polyol pathway,protein kinase C,advanced glycation end products,insulin resistance,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ,inflammation,and diabetic cardiomyopathy as a "stem cell disease".Furthermore,we discuss the mechanisms responsible for impaired coronary arteriole function.Finally,we consider how new insights in diabetes may provide innovative therapeutic strategies.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery disease in Koreans

AIM:To investigate whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)affects coronary artery disease(CAD)and identify candidate mediators.METHODS:Patients who underwent coronary angiography were consecutively recruited.The patients were classified into four groups by coronary artery stenosis:A,insignificant;B,one-vessel disease;C,two-vessel disease;and D,three-vessel disease.Abdominal ultrasonography was performed to determine the presence of a fatty liver and categorize by grade:0,no evidence;1,mild;2,moderate;and 3,severe.We measured not only known CAD risk factors,but also serum insulin,HOMA-index,adiponectin,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-αand high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels.RESULTS:Of the 134 patients who met the inclusion criteria,82(61.2%)had ultrasonographically diagnosed NAFLD.Among the 46 patients with CAD,37(80.4%)had evidence of a fatty liver.The two groups(A vs B-D)were significantly different in terms of age,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein levels and fatty liver.Coronary artery stenosis was strongly associated with fatty liver in a grade-dependent manner(P=0.025).In binary logistic regression,NAFLD was a significant independent predictor of CAD(P=0.03,OR=1.685;95%CI:1.051-2.702).Among the candidate mediators,the serum adiponectin level showed a trend toward lowering based on CAD progression(P=0.071).CONCLUSION:NAFLD is an independent risk factor for CAD in a grade-dependent manner.Moreover,adiponectin might be related to the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

Clopidogrel improves aspirin response after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery

We sought to assess the incidence of aspirin resistance after off-pump coronary artery bypass （OPCAB） surgery, and investigate whether clopidogrel can improve aspirin response and be safely applied early after OPCAB surgery. Sixty patients who underwent standard OPCAB surgery were randomized into two groups. One group （30 patients） received mono-antiplatelet treatment （MAPT） with aspirin 100 mg daily and the other group received dual anfiplatelet treatment （DAPT） with aspirin 100 mg daily plus clopidogrel 75 mg daily. Platelet aggregations in response to arachi- donic acid （PLAA） and adenosine diphosphate （ADP） （PLADP） were measured preoperatively and on days 1 to 6, 8 and 10 after the antiplatelet agents were administered. A PLAA level above 20% was defined as aspirin resistance. Postoperative bleeding and other perioperative variables were also recorded. There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, average number of distal anastomosis, operation time, postoperative bleeding, ventilation time and postoperative hospital stay. However, the incidence of aspirin resistance was significantly lower in the DAPT group than that in the MAPT group on the first and second day after antiplatelet agents were given （62.1% vs, 32.1%, 34.5% vs. 10.7%, respectively, both P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference in postoperative complication between the two groups. DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel can be safely applied to OPCAB patients early after the procedure. Moreover, clopidogrel reduces the incidence of OPCAB-related aspirin resistance.

Myocardial insulin resistance does not always parallel skeletal muscle and whole body insulin resistance: A mini review<br>—Myocardial Insulin Resistance <br>

Insulin resistance (IR) is recognized to be of critical importance in a variety of metabolic diseases and coronary artery disease (CAD). Impaired skeletal muscle glucose utilization (SMGU) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IR, whereas it is controversial whether myocardial IR is similar in this respect. Methods: Twenty-two studies of myocardial IR and skeletal muscle IR using positron emission tomography (PET) and/or whole body IR were reviewed. Heart and skeletal muscle IR were measured with PET and18F-FDG under hyperinsulinemic euglycemic insulin clamp technique. Whole body IR was also determined at the time of PET under hyperinsulinemic euglycemic insulin clamp technique. Results: One study reported that heart and skeletal muscle IR is present in untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension and CAD (as reflected in a myocardial glucose utiliation rate (MGU) in T2DM vs control [p -0.665, p -0.60, p -0.74, p -0.74, p 18F-FDG Uptake (MFU) in hypertriglyc-eridemics was (p = ns) despite findings of reduced skeletal muscle18F-FDG uptake (SMFU in hyper-triglyceridemia

CTCA定量参数对冠心病患者短期病死预测价值

目的探讨CT冠状动脉造影(CTCA)定量参数对冠心病患者短期病死预测价值。方法选取2021年3月—2023年3月收治的冠心病200例,比较不同冠状动脉病变程度冠心病患者CTCA定量参数(动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷和斑块最小密度CT值),分析CTCA定量参数与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度相关性,探讨术后1年冠心病患者病死情况,分析CTCA定量参数与冠心病患者短期病死风险关联性,评价CTCA定量参数对冠心病患者短期病死预测价值。结果不同冠状动脉病变程度冠心病患者动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷逐渐升高,斑块最小密度CT值逐渐降低(P<0.05)。冠心病患者动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷与疾病类型、病变支数及狭窄程度呈正相关,斑块最小密度CT值与疾病类型、病变支数及狭窄程度呈负相关(P<0.05)。冠心病200例中39例(19.50%)术后1年病死。动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷和斑块最小密度CT值与冠心病患者短期病死有关(P<0.01)。对冠心病患者短期病死预测的受试者工作特征曲线下面积动脉阻力指数、总斑块负荷和斑块最小密度CT值三者联合明显高于单独预测(P<0.05)。结论CTCA定量参数与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度密切相关,且联合各参数预测冠心病患者短期病死价值较高。

Index of microcirculatory resistance: state-of-the-art and potential applications in computational simulation of coronary artery disease

The dysfunction of coronary microcirculation is an important cause of coronary artery disease(CAD).The index of microcirculatory resistance(IMR)is a quantitative evaluation of coronary microcirculatory function,which provides a significant reference for the prediction,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of CAD.IMR also plays a key role in investigating the interaction between epicardial and microcirculatory dysfunctions,and is closely associated with coronary hemodynamic parameters such as flow rate,distal coronary pressure,and aortic pressure,which have been widely applied in computational studies of CAD.However,there is currently a lack of consensus across studies on the normal and pathological ranges of IMR.The relationships between IMR and coronary hemodynamic parameters have not been accurately quantified,which limits the application of IMR in computational CAD studies.In this paper,we discuss the research gaps between IMR and its potential applications in the computational simulation of CAD.Computational simulation based on the combination of IMR and other hemodynamic parameters is a promising technology to improve the diagnosis and guide clinical trials of CAD.

体外反搏对典型冠状动脉疾病作用效果的集中参数建模仿真

目的 研究增强型体外反搏(enhanced external counter pulsation,EECP)疗法对典型冠脉血管病及微血管心绞痛的血流动力学影响。方法 使用集中参数建模方法,建立包含导管动脉与心肌微循环的右优势型冠脉生理模型。分别仿真单支狭窄、三支狭窄及微血管心绞痛等病理情况。建立EECP干预模型,结合上述病理模型,仿真EECP对病理模型的血流动力学作用。结果 建立的冠脉生理模型、病理模型及EECP干预模型仿真结果与相关文献中的实验数据相符合。EECP对3种病理情况都有改善冠脉血流的效果。对单支狭窄,EECP在左主干冠脉狭窄程度达到80%~85%之后便无法使血流恢复正常水平。对三支狭窄,若3条分支狭窄程度有1支超过90%,则无法使用EECP治疗。对微血管心绞痛,EECP有效的临界情况是充血心肌血流量>1.03 mL/(min·g)、冠状动脉血流储备>1.64。结论 建立的EECP干预冠脉血管病模型符合预期,所获仿真数据对EECP的临床操作具有一定参考价值。

冠状动脉微循环阻力指数的应用与进展

随着对冠状动脉相关疾病研究的深入,人们逐渐认识到冠状动脉微循环障碍对于心血管疾病的发生、发展、疗效及预后等具有重要影响,冠状动脉微循环疾病在缺血性心脏病中受到越来越多的重视。由于无法直接通过影像学观察到冠状动脉微血管,目前临床上出现了一些评价冠状动脉微循环功能的指标,其中微循环阻力指数被广泛用于冠状动脉微循环功能评价。基于计算流体力学的微循环阻力指数测定技术准确、安全、简单易行,应用前景广泛。本文就微循环阻力指数的建立、发展、临床应用、进展进行综述。

TyG指数与冠状动脉钙化的关系研究

目的探究甘油三脂-葡萄糖(TyG)指数与冠状动脉钙化(CAC)的关系。方法回顾性纳入1572例经冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影(CTA)检查患者为研究对象,根据冠脉钙化积分(CACS)将其分为钙化组(CACS≥1分)和无钙化组(CACS=0分)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估CAC发生的影响因素。结果1572例患者中,存在CAC的患者808例(钙化组);无CAC的患者764例(无钙化组)。钙化组的男性占比、年龄、高血压史占比、糖尿病史占比、TyG指数、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血尿素氮、血肌酐、C反应蛋白水平高于无钙化组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、高血压史、糖尿病史、TyG指数、血肌酐、C-反应蛋白是CAC发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论TyG指数与CAC的发生独立相关,其对CAC的发生有较高预测价值。

急性心肌梗死患者左心室重构与冠状动脉微循环及预后的相关性

目的在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)且行直接经皮冠状动脉介入(primary percutaneous coronary intervention,pPCI)治疗患者中研究以左心室质量指数(left ventricular mass index,LVMI)为代表的左心室重构与以冠状动脉(冠脉)造影微循环阻力指数(angio-IMR,AMR)为代表的微循环障碍及预后的关系。方法本研究是回顾性病例对照研究,纳入2018年3月至2020年12月于广东省人民医院、广东省人民医院珠海分院和2021年11月至2022年1月于博罗县人民医院确诊STEMI且行pPCI治疗的患者,在术后及3个月后分别行超声心动图检查,计算患者LVMI变化百分比,根据LVMI变化量是否>20%分为高左心室重构组(n=62)、低左心室重构组(n=99)。通过对比两组的一般情况、冠脉微循环指标及预后情况,评价其之间的相关性及结局变量。结果(1)高左心室重构组比低左心室重构组AMR更高(287±89 vs.247±56,P=0.006),冠脉血流速度(coronary flow velocity,CFV)更慢(14.6±5.8 vs.16.6±5.3,P<0.05),预后更差(33.8%vs.13.1%,P=0.003)。LVMI绝对变化量与AMR呈正相关、线性关系(r=0.169,P=0.032)。无复流仅存在于高左心室重构组[3(4.8%)vs.0,P=0.027]。(2)Logistic回归分析表明AMR是LVMI变化量大于20%的危险因素(OR=1.008,P=0.001)。AMR是左心室重构的独立预测因子。受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析AMR切点为268.5。结论STEMI患者行pPCI治疗以LVMI为代表的左心室重构与以AMR为代表的冠脉微循环有明确关系,左心室重构变化越大,AMR越大,预后更差。

Biomarkers of intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease

Background Currently,there are no reliable indicators for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary artery lesions in the early stage of Kawasaki disease.Methods A total of 300 patients with Kawasaki disease were studied retrospectively.Laboratory data were compared between the intravenous immunoglobulin resistant (29 patients) and responsive groups,and between the groups with coronary artery lesions (48 patients) and without coronary artery lesions.Results The intravenous immunoglobulin resistant group had significantly higher D-dimer,globulin,interleukin-6 and serum ferritin levels in comparison to the intravenous immunoglobulin responder group.D-dimer level had a sensitivity of 87.0% and a specificity of 56.3% for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance at a cutoff point of 1.09 mg/L.Globulin had a sensitivity of 62.1% and a specificity of 82.3% for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance at a cutoff point of 34.7 g/L.Serum ferritin level had a sensitivity of 42.9% and a specificity of 88.8% for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance at a cutoff point of 269.7 ng/mL.The patients with coronary artery lesions had higher D-dimer and tumor necrosis factor-α level.D-dimer level had a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 78.6% for predicting coronary artery lesions at a cutoff point of 1.84 mg/L.Based on analysis by multivariate logistic regression,serum ferritin and globulin were independent risks for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance,D-dimer was independent risk for coronary artery lesions.Conclusions Elevated serum ferritin,globulin and D-dimer levels are significantly associated with intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease.Moreover,serum D-dimer is significantly increased in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery lesions.

Influence of insulin resistance on long-term outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation

Background Insulin resistance（IR）is significantly associated with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.This study aimed to evaluate the influence of IR on long-term outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）with sirolimus-eluting stent（SES）implantation.Methods A total of 467 consecutive patients undergoing SES-based PCI were divided into lR group（n=104）and non-IR group（n=363）.The patients were followed up for one year.The rate of major adverse cardiac events（MACEs） including death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and recurrent angina pectoris was compared by the log-rank test,and the independent risk factors were identified by the Cox regression analysis.Results MACEs occurred more frequently,and cumulative survival rate was lower in the IR group than in the non-IR group during the follow-up （all P〈0.05）.IR was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction（OR=2176,95% CI=1.35-5.47,P=0.034）.Old age,diabetes,and multi-vessel disease were determinants for recurrent angina pectoris after PCI（P〈0.05）.Subgroup analysis revealed that IR（OR=3.35,95% CI=1.07-13.59,P=0.013）and multi-vessel disease（OR=2.19,95%CI=1.01-5.14,P=0.044）were independent risk predictors for recurrent angina pectoris in patients with diabetes after PCI.Conclusions IR is associated with reduced MACE-free survival and remains an independent predictor for recurrent angina pectoris after PCI with SES implantation.

Effect of Danhong Injection(丹红注射液)on Improving Coronary Microcirculation Injury after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of Danhong Injection(丹红注射液)on improving microcirculatory injury after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted and 90 patients were enrolled.A random sequence was generated using statistical analysis software.Patients with microcirculatory injuries after PCI were randomly divided into 3 groups for treatment(30 subjects in each group):Danhong Injection group:after PCI,Danghong Injections were given with intravenous administration with 40 mL twice a day for a week;statins intensive group:after PCI,atorvastatin calcium tablets were given oral medication with 80 mg once,and then atorvastatin 40 mg daily for 1 week;the control group:after PCI,atorvastatin calcium tablets were given oral medication with 10–20 mg daily for 1 week.The index of microcirculation resistance(IMR)was used to assess microcirculatory injury during PCI.The IMR of the target vessel was reexamined after 1 week of drug treatment.Results:After one week's drug treatment,IMR was significantly decreased in both statins intensive group and Danhong Injection group compared with the control group(P<0.01),but no difference was found between statins intensive group and Danhong injection group(14.03±2.54 vs.16.03±5.72 U,P=0.080).Conclusions:The efficacy of Danhong Injection is non-inferior to statin.Early use of Danhong Injection after PCI can effectively improve coronary microcirculation injury after PCI.

瓜蒌薤白半夏汤加减治疗非阻塞性冠脉疾病临床研究

目的:探讨瓜蒌薤白半夏汤加减治疗非阻塞性冠脉疾病患者冠脉微循环障碍临床疗效。方法:选择非阻塞性冠脉疾病冠脉微循环障碍患者86例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各43例。对照组给予西医常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予瓜蒌薤白半夏汤治疗,观察两组治疗前后临床疗效、中医证候评分、冠脉微循环指标、血管内皮功能、心肺功能指标及安全性评价。结果:治疗后观察组总有效率为93.03%,显著高于对照组的76.74%(P<0.05)。治疗后两组中医证候评分、IMR值、血清TXB2、ET-1水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组CFR值、VEGF水平、PVO 2、AT及PW水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:瓜蒌薤白半夏汤加减治疗非阻塞性冠脉疾病冠脉微循环障碍患者临床疗效较好。

心脏磁共振心肌灌注成像在冠心病患者冠状动脉病变及微循环梗阻中的临床应用价值

目的探讨心脏磁共振(CMR)心肌灌注成像在冠心病冠状动脉病变及微循环梗阻(MVO)中的临床应用价值。方法选取2020年1月~2022年12月我院收治的106例冠心病患者,均在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗前和治疗后行CMR心肌灌注成像。以冠状动脉造影诊断结果为金标准,对比经皮冠状动脉介入治疗前CMR心肌灌注成像中延迟强化透壁局部室壁异常运动及病变区与正常心肌区CMR心肌灌注成像参数。分析CMR心肌灌注成像对冠心病冠状动脉病变的诊断效能。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后根据患者是否存在MVO将其分为MVO组(n=29)和无MVO组(n=77),对比两组CMR心肌灌注成像参数,并采用ROC曲线分析CMR心肌灌注成像参数对MVO的诊断价值。结果106例患者中的1802个心肌节段被纳入评价。CMR心肌灌注成像显示106例患者共有147个延迟强化的心肌节段(每个患者至少有1个心肌节段延迟强化),其中68个透壁强化,79个非透壁强化。病变心肌首过灌注时间、首过灌注最大上升斜率(Slope_(max))、心肌延迟强化信号值与正常心肌间对比有统计学差异(P<0.05)。以冠状动脉造影结果为金标准,CMR心肌灌注成像对左前降支、右冠状动脉、左回旋支病变的诊断敏感度分别为94.12%、88.64%、88.89%,特异性分别为95.00%、96.55%、94.74%,准确度分别为94.66%、93.89%、93.13%。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后有MVO者29例,无MVO者77例。MVO组中首过灌注时间、Slope_(max)心肌延迟强化信号值与无MVO组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,CMR心肌灌注成像参数中首过灌注时间、Slope_(max)、心肌延迟强化信号值对冠心病患者MVO诊断的曲线下面积分别为0.803、0.718、0.851,敏感度分别为82.76%、72.41%、86.21%,特异性分别为66.23%、68.83%、67.53%,准确度分别为70.75%、69.81%、72.64%。结论CMR心肌灌注成像可显示冠心病心血管病变区域的变化,对诊断冠心病冠状动脉病变及MVO情况有较高的诊断价值。

延胡索对冠状动脉微循环功能影响的临床观察

目的探讨延胡索对冠状动脉微循环功能的影响。方法选择2019年9月至2021年9月在温州医科大学附属第二医院心内科通过冠状动脉压力导丝检查确定有微循环阻力升高的心绞痛住院患者96例,随机分为对照组48例,观察组46例(有2例因后续随访失联剔除)。对照组进行常规抗血小板、他汀类调脂等治疗,观察组在上述药物基础上加用延胡索,连续服用并随访6个月。测定并比较两组治疗前后冠状动脉血管微循环阻力指数、血流储备分数、冠状动脉血流储备及C反应蛋白水平,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果治疗6个月后,观察组显效率和总有效率均显著高于对照组(χ^(2)=5.163、6.362,P<0.05)。两组治疗前后比较,微循环阻力指数、冠状动脉血流储备、血流储备分数及C反应蛋白均显著改善(P<0.01)。治疗后与对照组相比,观察组微循环阻力指数和C反应蛋白下降更明显,而血流储备分数与冠状动脉血流储备则升高更明显,差异有统计学意义(t=2.464、2.754、-4.589、-2.704,P<0.05)。所有患者治疗前后微循环阻力指数的差值为13.1±3.6,C反应蛋白的差值为(1.52±0.86)mg/L,Pearson相关分析结果显示两者呈正相关(r=0.340,P<0.01)。结论延胡索可改善心绞痛患者冠状动脉微循环功能。