This research seeks to add to the body of scholarship on the history of cosmetic surgery and American journalism and is guided by the following two-part research questions： How did newspapers and magazines frame plas...This research seeks to add to the body of scholarship on the history of cosmetic surgery and American journalism and is guided by the following two-part research questions： How did newspapers and magazines frame plastic surgery between 1914 and 1950 and did the frames vary by year or did they recur throughout the time period studied？ The purpose here is not to argue that the press had a direct effect on the way beauty was defined within the cultural landscape of the early 20th century, but to examine the way plastic surgery＇s frame in the popular press shifted from reconstructing war-maimed soldiers to beautifying ordinary citizens.展开更多
With advances in the standards of living and public perceptions,female genital cosmetic surgery is becoming a new hot topic in the field of plastic surgery,gaining considerable interest recently among beauty seekers a...With advances in the standards of living and public perceptions,female genital cosmetic surgery is becoming a new hot topic in the field of plastic surgery,gaining considerable interest recently among beauty seekers and professionals alike.However,the needs of beauty pursuers seem to be exuberant but vague;on the other hand,practitioners who have received strict professional training are still desperately needed.Additionally,interestdriven marketing and promotion render the field prone to chaos,resulting in widespread attention and concerns regarding the scientificity,safety,effectiveness,and necessity of the performance of multiple treatment procedures.Extensive survey of the relevant literature was performed,and several beauty seekers as well as surgeons with working experience of pertinent techniques were consulted,in order to examine the current status and future developments of this field.展开更多
Over the past two decades,the cosmetic surgery industry has experienced significant global growth.This expansion has piqued the interest of healthcare professionals and product manufacturers,both aiming to enhance acc...Over the past two decades,the cosmetic surgery industry has experienced significant global growth.This expansion has piqued the interest of healthcare professionals and product manufacturers,both aiming to enhance accessibility to surgery for a broader demographic.This manuscript presents the case example of“macrolane”hyaluronic acid.This product was introduced into the cosmetic surgery industry in 2007 and then removed from the market in 2012 by the manufacturer.The manuscript also presents and discusses the regulatory measures that were enacted following the introduction of macrolane into the European market.Specifically,these regulatory measures involved:insurance,professional qualifications and training,clinician representatives,sanitation,safety,cooling-off periods,informed consent,and advertising.Within the manuscript,it is also highlighted that interests from different stakeholders can create tension in the cosmetic industry,specifically:1.clients might ask for a product,and they need to be protected;2.healthcare providers are seeking a profit,and are subject to liability;3.product’s manufacturers,who are seeking to expand their market,need to pass through regulatory processes.In conclusion,we wish to raise awareness of the ethical issues related to the regulatory measures implemented by European regulatory agencies responsible for public health,especially during the launch of a new product.These ethical considerations encompass several aspects:establishing accountability for validating research authenticity,delineating the functions of compensatory systems,overseeing educational processes,and supervising advertising and marketing practices.It should be noted that the comprehensive exploration of these ethical matters falls outside the scope of this manuscript,as they pertain more to public affairs rather than the realm of cosmetic surgery itself.Therefore,the discourse on these matters is better suited for engagement by experts in political and social ethics.Level of Evidence:Level V,analysis of current regulatory practices.展开更多
本文的标题的理解并不轻松。其中的catch on with能作为一个短语动词来理解吗?不。英语没有这样的短语动词,catch on才是一个整体,其含义是:流行(地);变得风行(地)。如:The new folk song caught on really quickly.此句的意思是:这首...本文的标题的理解并不轻松。其中的catch on with能作为一个短语动词来理解吗?不。英语没有这样的短语动词,catch on才是一个整体,其含义是:流行(地);变得风行(地)。如:The new folk song caught on really quickly.此句的意思是:这首新民歌流行得真快。因此,标题是否可译:男性涌动“红妆”潮。此外,不好理解但又非常幽默的是本文的首句(主题句):What looks good on thegoose looks good on the gander too,a new survey shows.此句是否可译:一次新的调查表明,巾帼打扮添俏丽,须眉“红妆”亦牛气。展开更多
The newborn infant presented with severe proptosis. Data on clinical history, presentation, photos, radiological imaging, and laboratory results were presented. A literature review was conducted for the case and relev...The newborn infant presented with severe proptosis. Data on clinical history, presentation, photos, radiological imaging, and laboratory results were presented. A literature review was conducted for the case and relevant treatment modalities. The surgical technique and the outcome were also discussed. The mass was present since birth in a full term neonate, causing complete globe dislocation of the left eye. Imaging showed a large cystic retro-bulbar mass completely occupying the orbital cavity and causing anterior dislocation of the left globe. Surgical excision of the tumor was carried out with globe preservation and Histopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of optic nerve glioma. This was an atypical presentation of an optic nerve glioma causing globe dislocation in a neonate. The resection of such a large orbital tumor made globe preservation possible and resulted in an excellent cosmetic outcome. .展开更多
BACKGROUND As one of the most common aesthetic surgical procedures carried out today,blepharoplasty should be in the repertoire of every plastic surgeon.The term blepharoplasty encompasses a wide range of techniques a...BACKGROUND As one of the most common aesthetic surgical procedures carried out today,blepharoplasty should be in the repertoire of every plastic surgeon.The term blepharoplasty encompasses a wide range of techniques and options that must be tailored to the specific defect and patient one has to treat.A sound knowledge of the upper and lower eyelids’anatomy is essential for proper surgical execution.Trends have shifted towards more conservative methods(especially of the fat compartment)and sometimes in combination with augmentation techniques,helping to reach a rejuvenated appearance.AIM To present an overview of the surgical techniques considered for upper lid blepharoplasty and fat pad management,in addition to information on how a surgeon may approach the best treatment for his patient based on current publications in literature.METHODS We searched the literature published between 2013,to 2023 using Medline and Reference Citation Analysis.The database was searched using the keywords“upper blepharoplasty”AND“fat”.Papers without full text/abstracts and reviews were excluded.The search strategy followed the PRISMA.The American Society of Plastic Surgeons guidelines for Therapeutic Studies checklist was used to assess all articles.Two authors individually reviewed each article and rated them for importance and relevance to the topic.A consensus was sought and the most relevant studies.RESULTS After the application of the selection criteria used in our review,13 publications were found to address upper lid blepharoplasty specifically.Three of these studies were reviews and three were retrospective studies.Five publications were comparative studies and a further two were clinical trials.CONCLUSION The tendency of modern surgery is to be conservative,by removing adipose tissue only if strictly necessary and restoring the volume of the upper eyelid in a concept of beauty that espouses a"full"sight.There is no gold standard technique to achieve younger and enhanced eyelids.Long-term prospective comparative studies are fundamental in understanding which path is the best to follow.展开更多
Objective To investigate the developmental history of cosmetic surgery and cosmetic medicine in China.Methods The history of cosmetic surgery and cosmetology in China was explored via a review of the literature report...Objective To investigate the developmental history of cosmetic surgery and cosmetic medicine in China.Methods The history of cosmetic surgery and cosmetology in China was explored via a review of the literature reported across the globe and the archeological discoveries recorded in China.Results The ancient underground city of“Sanxingdui”,discovered in Guanghan,Sichuan,China,was built between 1800 and 2800 BC.Many bronze figure sculptures with decorative perforations in the earlobe area were unearthed there,making it perhaps the earliest record of cosmetic surgery practice in the world.The practice of decorative perforations in the earlobe predates the practice of nose jobs found in ancient India.The Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases from the Western Han Dynasty,unearthed in Mawangdui,Changsha,Hunan Province,recorded the treatment of vitiligo in traditional Chinese medicine.This might be one of the earliest records of aesthetic medicine in the world.Conclusion China is one of the earliest birthplaces of cosmetic surgery and cosmetology in the world.The practice of cosmetic medicine in China predates the practice of nasal reconstruction found in ancient India.展开更多
This article reflects on the need for psychosomatic medicine research in the field of surgery by complementing psychological/psychiatrist approaches with a physician’s(particularly surgeon’s)point of view.Focusing o...This article reflects on the need for psychosomatic medicine research in the field of surgery by complementing psychological/psychiatrist approaches with a physician’s(particularly surgeon’s)point of view.Focusing on esthetic/cosmetic surgery,a broader notion of“psychosomatic surgery”is also used regarding plastic surgery as well as examples of vascular and general surgery.Relevant literature reviews are utilized to gain a more comprehensive bio-psycho-social perspective.By providing a deeper understanding in the specialty areas,it makes a case for evidence-based practice by shedding light on psychosomatic medicine research on surgery in the United States with cross-cultural implications.展开更多
Objective Mandibular angle ostectomy is usually applied to the facial contouring sculpture. We evaluated the various techniques in order to enhance the precision and avoid unnecessary damage. Methods Before operation ...Objective Mandibular angle ostectomy is usually applied to the facial contouring sculpture. We evaluated the various techniques in order to enhance the precision and avoid unnecessary damage. Methods Before operation the area and quantity resected bone were designed according to facial measurement, mandible pantomagraphy and orthophoria and lateral localized radiograph of skull. The Incises of mandibular angle ostectomy included intraoral, retroauricular or intraoral associated with retroauricular. Howerer, the sagittal resection of mandible outer table was necessary in all intraoral incise. Results Single mandibular angle ostectomy was not satisfactory for the patients having mandible hypertrophy with over-width basifacial contouring. Mandibular angle ostectomy combined with the sagittal resection of outer table of mandibular angle were required. Good symmetry and appearance were gained in 206 cases. One case had facial paralysis. Two patients occured mandibular fracture during the operation. Three cases complicated angled deformity at mandible body. Conclusion Reduction mandibuloplasty should be selected depends on varied types of mandibular angle hypertrophy before operation.展开更多
Aim:Self-esteem is one’s attitude towards oneself.It is one of the most important psychological aspects of rhinoplasty,a common aesthetic operation.Prior studies have indicated an improvement in patients’self-esteem...Aim:Self-esteem is one’s attitude towards oneself.It is one of the most important psychological aspects of rhinoplasty,a common aesthetic operation.Prior studies have indicated an improvement in patients’self-esteem after this operation.The aim of current study was to preoperatively compare self-esteem in patients seeking aesthetic rhinoplasty with that of functional rhinoplasty patients.Methods:A total of 42 patients completed the validated Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale preoperatively(21 aesthetic surgery patients and 21 functional surgery patients).Those with both aesthetic and functional purposes were categorized regarding their primary objective.The t-test for independent groups was used for analysis of the data,and Cohen’s d was calculated as a measure of effect size.Results:The mean level of self-esteem in the aesthetic surgery group was significantly lower than that of the functional surgery group(P<0.05).Age,gender,socio-economic status,and educational backgrounds were analyzed and comparative analysis of each showed no significant difference between the two groups.The value of effect size measure was very high(d=1.04).Conclusion:The findings of the present study showed that aesthetic rhinoplasty patients had lower self-esteem in comparison with functional rhinoplasty patients.展开更多
文摘This research seeks to add to the body of scholarship on the history of cosmetic surgery and American journalism and is guided by the following two-part research questions： How did newspapers and magazines frame plastic surgery between 1914 and 1950 and did the frames vary by year or did they recur throughout the time period studied？ The purpose here is not to argue that the press had a direct effect on the way beauty was defined within the cultural landscape of the early 20th century, but to examine the way plastic surgery＇s frame in the popular press shifted from reconstructing war-maimed soldiers to beautifying ordinary citizens.
文摘With advances in the standards of living and public perceptions,female genital cosmetic surgery is becoming a new hot topic in the field of plastic surgery,gaining considerable interest recently among beauty seekers and professionals alike.However,the needs of beauty pursuers seem to be exuberant but vague;on the other hand,practitioners who have received strict professional training are still desperately needed.Additionally,interestdriven marketing and promotion render the field prone to chaos,resulting in widespread attention and concerns regarding the scientificity,safety,effectiveness,and necessity of the performance of multiple treatment procedures.Extensive survey of the relevant literature was performed,and several beauty seekers as well as surgeons with working experience of pertinent techniques were consulted,in order to examine the current status and future developments of this field.
文摘Over the past two decades,the cosmetic surgery industry has experienced significant global growth.This expansion has piqued the interest of healthcare professionals and product manufacturers,both aiming to enhance accessibility to surgery for a broader demographic.This manuscript presents the case example of“macrolane”hyaluronic acid.This product was introduced into the cosmetic surgery industry in 2007 and then removed from the market in 2012 by the manufacturer.The manuscript also presents and discusses the regulatory measures that were enacted following the introduction of macrolane into the European market.Specifically,these regulatory measures involved:insurance,professional qualifications and training,clinician representatives,sanitation,safety,cooling-off periods,informed consent,and advertising.Within the manuscript,it is also highlighted that interests from different stakeholders can create tension in the cosmetic industry,specifically:1.clients might ask for a product,and they need to be protected;2.healthcare providers are seeking a profit,and are subject to liability;3.product’s manufacturers,who are seeking to expand their market,need to pass through regulatory processes.In conclusion,we wish to raise awareness of the ethical issues related to the regulatory measures implemented by European regulatory agencies responsible for public health,especially during the launch of a new product.These ethical considerations encompass several aspects:establishing accountability for validating research authenticity,delineating the functions of compensatory systems,overseeing educational processes,and supervising advertising and marketing practices.It should be noted that the comprehensive exploration of these ethical matters falls outside the scope of this manuscript,as they pertain more to public affairs rather than the realm of cosmetic surgery itself.Therefore,the discourse on these matters is better suited for engagement by experts in political and social ethics.Level of Evidence:Level V,analysis of current regulatory practices.
文摘本文的标题的理解并不轻松。其中的catch on with能作为一个短语动词来理解吗?不。英语没有这样的短语动词,catch on才是一个整体,其含义是:流行(地);变得风行(地)。如:The new folk song caught on really quickly.此句的意思是:这首新民歌流行得真快。因此,标题是否可译:男性涌动“红妆”潮。此外,不好理解但又非常幽默的是本文的首句(主题句):What looks good on thegoose looks good on the gander too,a new survey shows.此句是否可译:一次新的调查表明,巾帼打扮添俏丽,须眉“红妆”亦牛气。
文摘The newborn infant presented with severe proptosis. Data on clinical history, presentation, photos, radiological imaging, and laboratory results were presented. A literature review was conducted for the case and relevant treatment modalities. The surgical technique and the outcome were also discussed. The mass was present since birth in a full term neonate, causing complete globe dislocation of the left eye. Imaging showed a large cystic retro-bulbar mass completely occupying the orbital cavity and causing anterior dislocation of the left globe. Surgical excision of the tumor was carried out with globe preservation and Histopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of optic nerve glioma. This was an atypical presentation of an optic nerve glioma causing globe dislocation in a neonate. The resection of such a large orbital tumor made globe preservation possible and resulted in an excellent cosmetic outcome. .
文摘BACKGROUND As one of the most common aesthetic surgical procedures carried out today,blepharoplasty should be in the repertoire of every plastic surgeon.The term blepharoplasty encompasses a wide range of techniques and options that must be tailored to the specific defect and patient one has to treat.A sound knowledge of the upper and lower eyelids’anatomy is essential for proper surgical execution.Trends have shifted towards more conservative methods(especially of the fat compartment)and sometimes in combination with augmentation techniques,helping to reach a rejuvenated appearance.AIM To present an overview of the surgical techniques considered for upper lid blepharoplasty and fat pad management,in addition to information on how a surgeon may approach the best treatment for his patient based on current publications in literature.METHODS We searched the literature published between 2013,to 2023 using Medline and Reference Citation Analysis.The database was searched using the keywords“upper blepharoplasty”AND“fat”.Papers without full text/abstracts and reviews were excluded.The search strategy followed the PRISMA.The American Society of Plastic Surgeons guidelines for Therapeutic Studies checklist was used to assess all articles.Two authors individually reviewed each article and rated them for importance and relevance to the topic.A consensus was sought and the most relevant studies.RESULTS After the application of the selection criteria used in our review,13 publications were found to address upper lid blepharoplasty specifically.Three of these studies were reviews and three were retrospective studies.Five publications were comparative studies and a further two were clinical trials.CONCLUSION The tendency of modern surgery is to be conservative,by removing adipose tissue only if strictly necessary and restoring the volume of the upper eyelid in a concept of beauty that espouses a"full"sight.There is no gold standard technique to achieve younger and enhanced eyelids.Long-term prospective comparative studies are fundamental in understanding which path is the best to follow.
文摘Objective To investigate the developmental history of cosmetic surgery and cosmetic medicine in China.Methods The history of cosmetic surgery and cosmetology in China was explored via a review of the literature reported across the globe and the archeological discoveries recorded in China.Results The ancient underground city of“Sanxingdui”,discovered in Guanghan,Sichuan,China,was built between 1800 and 2800 BC.Many bronze figure sculptures with decorative perforations in the earlobe area were unearthed there,making it perhaps the earliest record of cosmetic surgery practice in the world.The practice of decorative perforations in the earlobe predates the practice of nose jobs found in ancient India.The Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases from the Western Han Dynasty,unearthed in Mawangdui,Changsha,Hunan Province,recorded the treatment of vitiligo in traditional Chinese medicine.This might be one of the earliest records of aesthetic medicine in the world.Conclusion China is one of the earliest birthplaces of cosmetic surgery and cosmetology in the world.The practice of cosmetic medicine in China predates the practice of nasal reconstruction found in ancient India.
文摘This article reflects on the need for psychosomatic medicine research in the field of surgery by complementing psychological/psychiatrist approaches with a physician’s(particularly surgeon’s)point of view.Focusing on esthetic/cosmetic surgery,a broader notion of“psychosomatic surgery”is also used regarding plastic surgery as well as examples of vascular and general surgery.Relevant literature reviews are utilized to gain a more comprehensive bio-psycho-social perspective.By providing a deeper understanding in the specialty areas,it makes a case for evidence-based practice by shedding light on psychosomatic medicine research on surgery in the United States with cross-cultural implications.
文摘Objective Mandibular angle ostectomy is usually applied to the facial contouring sculpture. We evaluated the various techniques in order to enhance the precision and avoid unnecessary damage. Methods Before operation the area and quantity resected bone were designed according to facial measurement, mandible pantomagraphy and orthophoria and lateral localized radiograph of skull. The Incises of mandibular angle ostectomy included intraoral, retroauricular or intraoral associated with retroauricular. Howerer, the sagittal resection of mandible outer table was necessary in all intraoral incise. Results Single mandibular angle ostectomy was not satisfactory for the patients having mandible hypertrophy with over-width basifacial contouring. Mandibular angle ostectomy combined with the sagittal resection of outer table of mandibular angle were required. Good symmetry and appearance were gained in 206 cases. One case had facial paralysis. Two patients occured mandibular fracture during the operation. Three cases complicated angled deformity at mandible body. Conclusion Reduction mandibuloplasty should be selected depends on varied types of mandibular angle hypertrophy before operation.
文摘Aim:Self-esteem is one’s attitude towards oneself.It is one of the most important psychological aspects of rhinoplasty,a common aesthetic operation.Prior studies have indicated an improvement in patients’self-esteem after this operation.The aim of current study was to preoperatively compare self-esteem in patients seeking aesthetic rhinoplasty with that of functional rhinoplasty patients.Methods:A total of 42 patients completed the validated Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale preoperatively(21 aesthetic surgery patients and 21 functional surgery patients).Those with both aesthetic and functional purposes were categorized regarding their primary objective.The t-test for independent groups was used for analysis of the data,and Cohen’s d was calculated as a measure of effect size.Results:The mean level of self-esteem in the aesthetic surgery group was significantly lower than that of the functional surgery group(P<0.05).Age,gender,socio-economic status,and educational backgrounds were analyzed and comparative analysis of each showed no significant difference between the two groups.The value of effect size measure was very high(d=1.04).Conclusion:The findings of the present study showed that aesthetic rhinoplasty patients had lower self-esteem in comparison with functional rhinoplasty patients.
