The reduced strong absorption distance d_(S) and Coulomb barrier height V_(B) are extracted from the quarter-point recipe from a series of experimental elastic scattering angle distributions.The nuclei with different ...The reduced strong absorption distance d_(S) and Coulomb barrier height V_(B) are extracted from the quarter-point recipe from a series of experimental elastic scattering angle distributions.The nuclei with different binding energies are systematically studied as the projectile,including the tightly bound,weakly bound,and halo nuclei.It is found that the mean d_(S) for halo nuclei is significantly larger than that of tightly and weakly bound nuclei.The complex behavior of d_(S) regarding the binding energy and properties of the target is observed for halo nuclei.The linear relationship of the reduced distance with system size may be used to estimate the Coulomb barrier radius R_(B),which is difficult to obtain from fusion reactions.The rule of V_(B) concerning the Coulomb parameter z is in agreement with other theoretical barrier laws extracted from the fusion reaction.Furthermore,the reason why the binding energy or deformation has little effect on the linear relationship of V_(B) as a function of z is clarified.展开更多
In this study rectangular AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors(HFETs) with 22-nm and 12-nm AlGaN barrier layers are fabricated, respectively. Using the measured capacitance–voltage and current–volt...In this study rectangular AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors(HFETs) with 22-nm and 12-nm AlGaN barrier layers are fabricated, respectively. Using the measured capacitance–voltage and current–voltage characteristics of the prepared devices with different Schottky areas, it is found that after processing the device, the polarization Coulomb field(PCF) scattering is induced and has an important influence on the two-dimensional electron gas electron mobility.Moreover, the influence of PCF scattering on the electron mobility is enhanced by reducing the AlGaN barrier thickness.This leads to the quite different variation of the electron mobility with gate bias when compared with the AlGaN barrier thickness. This mainly happens because the thinner AlGaN barrier layer suffers from a much stronger electrical field when applying a gate bias, which gives rise to a stronger converse piezoelectric effect.展开更多
Rectangular Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors （HFETs） with different gate contact areas and conventional AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs as control were both fabricated with same size. It was...Rectangular Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors （HFETs） with different gate contact areas and conventional AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs as control were both fabricated with same size. It was found there is a significant difference between Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs and the control group both in drain series resistance and in two-dimensional electron gas （2DEG） electron mobility in the gate–drain channel. We attribute this to the different influence of Ohmic drain contacts and Schottky drain contacts on the strained AlGaN barrier layer. For conventional AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs, annealing drain Ohmic contacts gives rise to a strain variation in the AlGaN barrier layer between the gate contacts and the drain contacts, and results in strong polarization Coulomb field scattering in this region. In Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs, the strain in the AlGaN barrier layer is distributed more regularly.展开更多
Low energy nuclear reactions are possible in condensed matter because of image forces. They result from induced charges at the surface of metals or very polarizable media. The height and width of the Coulomb barrier i...Low energy nuclear reactions are possible in condensed matter because of image forces. They result from induced charges at the surface of metals or very polarizable media. The height and width of the Coulomb barrier in free space can thus be reduced. Nuclear fusion requires also the formation of a compound nucleus in one of its excited states, but two deuterons yield an α particle that has 2 excited states. They are respectively accessible at high or low energies. Since the reduction of the Coulomb barrier depends on the local curvature of the interface, cold fusion becomes autocatalytic, but heat production is controllable. Even microbes, plants and animals can produce transmutations. They are also due to image forces. This solves a basic problem in nuclear physics and there are possible applications: facilitated synthesis of superheavy elements and development of a new type of energy sources. They are moderate, but safe.展开更多
Researches in the field of low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) have shown a wide variety of manifestations of these phenomena. They appear in metals with hydrogen dissolved in them, in plasma, in gas discharge, in ele...Researches in the field of low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) have shown a wide variety of manifestations of these phenomena. They appear in metals with hydrogen dissolved in them, in plasma, in gas discharge, in electrolysis, and even in biological systems. In addition to energy release, which far exceeds the capabilities of chemical reactions, LENR is characterized by a huge variety of emerging chemical elements. This report provides examples of appearance of many initially missing elements in different LENR installations. For example, in the nickel-hydrogen LENR reactor created in our laboratory, which worked for 7 months, Ca, V, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ba, Sr, Yb, Hf were found. Moreover, new elements were found not only in the “fuel” but also in the surrounding matter. The huge variety of chemical elements that arise can be explained by the fact that in the processes of LENR, the interaction covers several atoms at once. The article discusses approaches to explaining the phenomena discovered in the process of LENR researches.展开更多
The work has the characters of a philosophical note, in which a new exotic version of the atom structure is discussed. According to this, the atomic nucleus consists of “normal” and “special” neutrons. Electrons a...The work has the characters of a philosophical note, in which a new exotic version of the atom structure is discussed. According to this, the atomic nucleus consists of “normal” and “special” neutrons. Electrons are internal part of both types of neutron. Electrons can leave “normal” neutrons of the nucleus and return back with a certain probability. These processes lead to the appearance of protons in the nucleus and form the electron orbits of the atom. At the same time, it is possible that the Coulomb’s barriers of atoms and nucleus disappear at some point in time and cold nuclear reactions pass through. This assumption leads to a new exotic model of the Universe structure, namely, the existence of neutron ether, consisting of special neutrons that do not emit their own electrons. In this ethereal ocean of special neutrons, periodically provoked disturbances arise. After that, it creates pockets, clusters of our normal neutrons inherent in our world, which can already emit electrons and, consequently, create atoms. The ether gets sick from time to time. However, as a result of this disease, stars arise. Some possible stages in the creation of our world are also discussed in this paper.展开更多
基金This study is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1602302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12235020,12275360,12175314,12175313,U2167204)+3 种基金the Continuous Basic Scientific Research Project(WDJC-2019-13)the Leading Innovation Project(LC192209000701,LC202309000201)the project supported by the Director's Foundation of Department of Nuclear Physics,China Institute of Atomic Energy(12SZJJ-202305)the Young Talent Development Foundation(YC212212000101)。
文摘The reduced strong absorption distance d_(S) and Coulomb barrier height V_(B) are extracted from the quarter-point recipe from a series of experimental elastic scattering angle distributions.The nuclei with different binding energies are systematically studied as the projectile,including the tightly bound,weakly bound,and halo nuclei.It is found that the mean d_(S) for halo nuclei is significantly larger than that of tightly and weakly bound nuclei.The complex behavior of d_(S) regarding the binding energy and properties of the target is observed for halo nuclei.The linear relationship of the reduced distance with system size may be used to estimate the Coulomb barrier radius R_(B),which is difficult to obtain from fusion reactions.The rule of V_(B) concerning the Coulomb parameter z is in agreement with other theoretical barrier laws extracted from the fusion reaction.Furthermore,the reason why the binding energy or deformation has little effect on the linear relationship of V_(B) as a function of z is clarified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61306113 and11174182)
文摘In this study rectangular AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors(HFETs) with 22-nm and 12-nm AlGaN barrier layers are fabricated, respectively. Using the measured capacitance–voltage and current–voltage characteristics of the prepared devices with different Schottky areas, it is found that after processing the device, the polarization Coulomb field(PCF) scattering is induced and has an important influence on the two-dimensional electron gas electron mobility.Moreover, the influence of PCF scattering on the electron mobility is enhanced by reducing the AlGaN barrier thickness.This leads to the quite different variation of the electron mobility with gate bias when compared with the AlGaN barrier thickness. This mainly happens because the thinner AlGaN barrier layer suffers from a much stronger electrical field when applying a gate bias, which gives rise to a stronger converse piezoelectric effect.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174182)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20110131110005)
文摘Rectangular Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors （HFETs） with different gate contact areas and conventional AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs as control were both fabricated with same size. It was found there is a significant difference between Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs and the control group both in drain series resistance and in two-dimensional electron gas （2DEG） electron mobility in the gate–drain channel. We attribute this to the different influence of Ohmic drain contacts and Schottky drain contacts on the strained AlGaN barrier layer. For conventional AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs, annealing drain Ohmic contacts gives rise to a strain variation in the AlGaN barrier layer between the gate contacts and the drain contacts, and results in strong polarization Coulomb field scattering in this region. In Schottky drain AlGaN/AlN/GaN HFETs, the strain in the AlGaN barrier layer is distributed more regularly.
文摘Low energy nuclear reactions are possible in condensed matter because of image forces. They result from induced charges at the surface of metals or very polarizable media. The height and width of the Coulomb barrier in free space can thus be reduced. Nuclear fusion requires also the formation of a compound nucleus in one of its excited states, but two deuterons yield an α particle that has 2 excited states. They are respectively accessible at high or low energies. Since the reduction of the Coulomb barrier depends on the local curvature of the interface, cold fusion becomes autocatalytic, but heat production is controllable. Even microbes, plants and animals can produce transmutations. They are also due to image forces. This solves a basic problem in nuclear physics and there are possible applications: facilitated synthesis of superheavy elements and development of a new type of energy sources. They are moderate, but safe.
文摘Researches in the field of low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) have shown a wide variety of manifestations of these phenomena. They appear in metals with hydrogen dissolved in them, in plasma, in gas discharge, in electrolysis, and even in biological systems. In addition to energy release, which far exceeds the capabilities of chemical reactions, LENR is characterized by a huge variety of emerging chemical elements. This report provides examples of appearance of many initially missing elements in different LENR installations. For example, in the nickel-hydrogen LENR reactor created in our laboratory, which worked for 7 months, Ca, V, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ba, Sr, Yb, Hf were found. Moreover, new elements were found not only in the “fuel” but also in the surrounding matter. The huge variety of chemical elements that arise can be explained by the fact that in the processes of LENR, the interaction covers several atoms at once. The article discusses approaches to explaining the phenomena discovered in the process of LENR researches.
文摘The work has the characters of a philosophical note, in which a new exotic version of the atom structure is discussed. According to this, the atomic nucleus consists of “normal” and “special” neutrons. Electrons are internal part of both types of neutron. Electrons can leave “normal” neutrons of the nucleus and return back with a certain probability. These processes lead to the appearance of protons in the nucleus and form the electron orbits of the atom. At the same time, it is possible that the Coulomb’s barriers of atoms and nucleus disappear at some point in time and cold nuclear reactions pass through. This assumption leads to a new exotic model of the Universe structure, namely, the existence of neutron ether, consisting of special neutrons that do not emit their own electrons. In this ethereal ocean of special neutrons, periodically provoked disturbances arise. After that, it creates pockets, clusters of our normal neutrons inherent in our world, which can already emit electrons and, consequently, create atoms. The ether gets sick from time to time. However, as a result of this disease, stars arise. Some possible stages in the creation of our world are also discussed in this paper.
