A Cr/Cr2N/CrN multilayer coating with a thickness of 24.4 μm was deposited by multi-arc ion plating. The coating was systematically characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), X-ray photoelec...A Cr/Cr2N/CrN multilayer coating with a thickness of 24.4 μm was deposited by multi-arc ion plating. The coating was systematically characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Hardness and adhesion were tested by nanoindentation and scratch tester, respectively. The friction properties were investigated by a reciprocating UMT-3MT ball-on-disk tribometer in air and seawater. The results showed that the multilayer coating consisted of three different layers, with Cr,Cr2N and CrN phases, respectively. Compared with CrN single layer coating, the adhesion of the multilayer coating was improved significantly, the hardness of the multilayer coating was(21±2) GPa. The corrosion resistance of the multilayer coating was also improved in artificial seawater. The friction coefficient of multilayer coating was lower than that of CrN single layer coating both in air and seawater.展开更多
Cr/CrN multilayer coatings with bilayer periods in the range from 1351 to 260 nm were prepared on 304 stainless steel substrates by arc ion plating to study the microstructure and properties of multilayer coatings and...Cr/CrN multilayer coatings with bilayer periods in the range from 1351 to 260 nm were prepared on 304 stainless steel substrates by arc ion plating to study the microstructure and properties of multilayer coatings and stimulate their application.SEM results confirm the clear periodicity of the Cr/CrN multilayer coatings and the clear interface between individual layers.XRD patterns reveal that these multilayer coatings contain Cr,CrN and Cr_2N phases.Because Cr layer is softer than its nitride layer,the hardness decreases with the shortening of the bilayer period(or increasing volume fraction of Cr layer).The Cr/CrN multilayer coating with 862 nm period possesses the highest indentation toughness due to a proper individual Cr and nitride layer thickness.However,for the Cr/CrN multilayer with the bilayer period of 1351 nm,it possesses the lowest toughness due to more nitride phase.The indentation toughness of Cr/CrN multilayer coatings is related with their bilayer period.A coating with a proper individual Cr and nitride layer thickness possesses the highest indentation toughness.展开更多
TiN/CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer were deposited onhigh speed steel substrates by using a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The structure andcomposition of the coatings were characterized ...TiN/CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer were deposited onhigh speed steel substrates by using a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The structure andcomposition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Augerelectron spectroscopy (AES). A high adhesion of up to 80 N was demonstrated by scratching tests forthe multi-layered coatings. Nanoindentation tests were performed to determine the hardness andelastic modulus of the coatings as a function of the multiplayer modulation period. It was observedthat the hardness of the multilayered coatings is higher than those of either TiN or CrN singlecoatings, and it increases with decreasing modulation periods, which is consistent with predictionsfrom the Hall-Petch type strengthening mechanism, though at small modulation periods, deviation fromthe Hall-Petch relation has been observed for the multilayered coatings. The life-span of drillscoated with TiN/CrN multilayered is triple as long as that coated with TiN layer.展开更多
The multilayer gradient CrN/ZrN coatings were synthesized by a dual cathode DC magnetron sputtering.The influence of different species of reaction gases and partial pressures on structure and mechanical properties was...The multilayer gradient CrN/ZrN coatings were synthesized by a dual cathode DC magnetron sputtering.The influence of different species of reaction gases and partial pressures on structure and mechanical properties was investigated using XRD, AES, XPS, and nanoindentation. The results show that N2-NH3 mixture process gas is of benefit to the synthesis of superhard multilayered gradient CrN/ZrN coatings. The presence of the preferred orientations of CrN(111), (200) and ZrN (111), (220) in the structure is a main reason for superhardness of multilayered gradient coatings.展开更多
There has been much interest in developing multilayered or nanolayered physical vapor deposition（PVD） coatings identified as a group of promising protective coatings for their excellent mechanical properties and cor...There has been much interest in developing multilayered or nanolayered physical vapor deposition（PVD） coatings identified as a group of promising protective coatings for their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In this study, the multilayered Cr N/Cr2O3 coatings with different bilayer periods（L） were synthesized on the polished high speed steel substrates from a Cr target with the alternative atmosphere of pure nitrogen and pure oxygen by arc ion plating（AIP） technique. The results revealed that the microstructure,morphologies and properties of the multilayered coatings were strongly influenced by the bilayer period（L）.There were two kinds of interfaces in the multilayered Cr N/Cr2O3coatings： the sharp ones and the blurry ones. With reducing the value of L, the macro-particles densities decreased gradually, whereas the coating microhardness, adhesive strength and wear resistance first increased, and then decreased slightly or remained stable as the bilayer period L 〈 590 nm. The multilayered Cr N/Cr2O3 coating with the bilayer period L of 590 nm possessed the best comprehensive properties, namely the highest microhardness, the strongest adhesion, and the lowest wear rate.展开更多
目的探究Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN多层膜的最佳调制比。方法利用电弧离子镀技术,在TC4钛合金上制备了不同调制比的Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN多层膜。利用扫描电子显微镜观察膜层表面和截面形貌;用Image-Pro分析软件对表面的大颗粒进行定量分析;利用X射线...目的探究Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN多层膜的最佳调制比。方法利用电弧离子镀技术,在TC4钛合金上制备了不同调制比的Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN多层膜。利用扫描电子显微镜观察膜层表面和截面形貌;用Image-Pro分析软件对表面的大颗粒进行定量分析;利用X射线衍射法表征膜层的晶体结构;采用维氏硬度计测量膜层的显微硬度;采用划痕试验仪测量膜层与基体之间的结合力(临界载荷);通过基片弯曲法测量并计算得到膜层的残余应力;利用根据ASTM G76-05标准特制的AS600-喷砂试验机进行了抗冲蚀性能测试;采用三维表面轮廓仪测量冲蚀坑深度。结果膜层表面质量和生长取向与L_(Cr/CrN):L_(Cr/CrAlN)调制比密切相关,随着Cr/CrN比例的增加,膜层表面质量越来越好,择优取向由(111)晶面转为(200)晶面。多层膜的硬度随Cr/CrN比例的增加,呈下降趋势,结合力、残余应力和韧性则随之呈先升后降的趋势,并在L_(Cr/CrN)∶LCr/Cr Al N为1∶2时,达到最佳。多层膜的抗砂粒冲蚀性能变化与力学性能变化一致,在L_(Cr/CrN)∶L_(Cr/CrAlN)为1∶2时达到最佳,其抗冲蚀能力是TC4基材的3倍以上,多层膜呈典型的脆性断裂失效形式。结论在调制比L_(Cr/CrN)∶L_(Cr/CrAlN)=1∶2时,膜层获得最佳的抗冲蚀性能。展开更多
基金Project(51475449)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A Cr/Cr2N/CrN multilayer coating with a thickness of 24.4 μm was deposited by multi-arc ion plating. The coating was systematically characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Hardness and adhesion were tested by nanoindentation and scratch tester, respectively. The friction properties were investigated by a reciprocating UMT-3MT ball-on-disk tribometer in air and seawater. The results showed that the multilayer coating consisted of three different layers, with Cr,Cr2N and CrN phases, respectively. Compared with CrN single layer coating, the adhesion of the multilayer coating was improved significantly, the hardness of the multilayer coating was(21±2) GPa. The corrosion resistance of the multilayer coating was also improved in artificial seawater. The friction coefficient of multilayer coating was lower than that of CrN single layer coating both in air and seawater.
基金Project(51171118)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012-4)supported by the Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials,Shenyang University,China
文摘Cr/CrN multilayer coatings with bilayer periods in the range from 1351 to 260 nm were prepared on 304 stainless steel substrates by arc ion plating to study the microstructure and properties of multilayer coatings and stimulate their application.SEM results confirm the clear periodicity of the Cr/CrN multilayer coatings and the clear interface between individual layers.XRD patterns reveal that these multilayer coatings contain Cr,CrN and Cr_2N phases.Because Cr layer is softer than its nitride layer,the hardness decreases with the shortening of the bilayer period(or increasing volume fraction of Cr layer).The Cr/CrN multilayer coating with 862 nm period possesses the highest indentation toughness due to a proper individual Cr and nitride layer thickness.However,for the Cr/CrN multilayer with the bilayer period of 1351 nm,it possesses the lowest toughness due to more nitride phase.The indentation toughness of Cr/CrN multilayer coatings is related with their bilayer period.A coating with a proper individual Cr and nitride layer thickness possesses the highest indentation toughness.
基金This work was financially supported by the Science Foundation of Lanzhou Institute Chemistry and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (No.01-03).
文摘TiN/CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer were deposited onhigh speed steel substrates by using a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The structure andcomposition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Augerelectron spectroscopy (AES). A high adhesion of up to 80 N was demonstrated by scratching tests forthe multi-layered coatings. Nanoindentation tests were performed to determine the hardness andelastic modulus of the coatings as a function of the multiplayer modulation period. It was observedthat the hardness of the multilayered coatings is higher than those of either TiN or CrN singlecoatings, and it increases with decreasing modulation periods, which is consistent with predictionsfrom the Hall-Petch type strengthening mechanism, though at small modulation periods, deviation fromthe Hall-Petch relation has been observed for the multilayered coatings. The life-span of drillscoated with TiN/CrN multilayered is triple as long as that coated with TiN layer.
基金Project(043801011) supported by Applied Basic Key Project of Tianjin Project(50472026) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project(GJDF01) also supported partly by Joint Project of Tianjin Municipal University and Nankai University and Tianjin University, State Education Ministry
文摘The multilayer gradient CrN/ZrN coatings were synthesized by a dual cathode DC magnetron sputtering.The influence of different species of reaction gases and partial pressures on structure and mechanical properties was investigated using XRD, AES, XPS, and nanoindentation. The results show that N2-NH3 mixture process gas is of benefit to the synthesis of superhard multilayered gradient CrN/ZrN coatings. The presence of the preferred orientations of CrN(111), (200) and ZrN (111), (220) in the structure is a main reason for superhardness of multilayered gradient coatings.
基金financial supports from the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2012CB625100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51001106 and 51301181)the Doctoral Starting up Foundation of Liaoning Province Science and Technology Agency, China (No. 20131118)
文摘There has been much interest in developing multilayered or nanolayered physical vapor deposition（PVD） coatings identified as a group of promising protective coatings for their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In this study, the multilayered Cr N/Cr2O3 coatings with different bilayer periods（L） were synthesized on the polished high speed steel substrates from a Cr target with the alternative atmosphere of pure nitrogen and pure oxygen by arc ion plating（AIP） technique. The results revealed that the microstructure,morphologies and properties of the multilayered coatings were strongly influenced by the bilayer period（L）.There were two kinds of interfaces in the multilayered Cr N/Cr2O3coatings： the sharp ones and the blurry ones. With reducing the value of L, the macro-particles densities decreased gradually, whereas the coating microhardness, adhesive strength and wear resistance first increased, and then decreased slightly or remained stable as the bilayer period L 〈 590 nm. The multilayered Cr N/Cr2O3 coating with the bilayer period L of 590 nm possessed the best comprehensive properties, namely the highest microhardness, the strongest adhesion, and the lowest wear rate.
文摘目的探究Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN多层膜的最佳调制比。方法利用电弧离子镀技术,在TC4钛合金上制备了不同调制比的Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN多层膜。利用扫描电子显微镜观察膜层表面和截面形貌;用Image-Pro分析软件对表面的大颗粒进行定量分析;利用X射线衍射法表征膜层的晶体结构;采用维氏硬度计测量膜层的显微硬度;采用划痕试验仪测量膜层与基体之间的结合力(临界载荷);通过基片弯曲法测量并计算得到膜层的残余应力;利用根据ASTM G76-05标准特制的AS600-喷砂试验机进行了抗冲蚀性能测试;采用三维表面轮廓仪测量冲蚀坑深度。结果膜层表面质量和生长取向与L_(Cr/CrN):L_(Cr/CrAlN)调制比密切相关,随着Cr/CrN比例的增加,膜层表面质量越来越好,择优取向由(111)晶面转为(200)晶面。多层膜的硬度随Cr/CrN比例的增加,呈下降趋势,结合力、残余应力和韧性则随之呈先升后降的趋势,并在L_(Cr/CrN)∶LCr/Cr Al N为1∶2时,达到最佳。多层膜的抗砂粒冲蚀性能变化与力学性能变化一致,在L_(Cr/CrN)∶L_(Cr/CrAlN)为1∶2时达到最佳,其抗冲蚀能力是TC4基材的3倍以上,多层膜呈典型的脆性断裂失效形式。结论在调制比L_(Cr/CrN)∶L_(Cr/CrAlN)=1∶2时,膜层获得最佳的抗冲蚀性能。
