Determination of Istanbul geoid using GNSS/levelling and valley cross levelling data

The Istanbul GPS Triangulation Network(IGTN) and the Istanbul Levelling Network(ILN),established in2006,provide data for the determination of a local GNSS/levelling geoid model.These networks’ measurements were done separately on both the Asian and European sides of the Bosphorus Strait in the vicinity of Istanbul.To connect these regions for those networks,a Valley Cross Levelling(VCL) data set,acquired in 1986 and 2004,was used.The use of this VCL data set was challenging in calculating the Istanbul geoid model,primarily because of its errors.In this study,this challenge was overcome through newly collected VCL data in 2010,allowing for the readjustment of the ILN and the newly collected VCL data set.The Istanbul geoid model was computed using soft computing techniques including the adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) and the artificial neural networks(ANNs).The resulting Istanbul GNSS/levelling geoid model is shown to be more reliable when compared with the model computed using conventional interpolation techniques.

Level crossing in a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model

In this paper,the energy spectrum of the two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model（TPJCM） is calculated exactly in the non-rotating wave approximation（non-RWA）,and we study the level-crossing problem by means of fidelity.A narrow peak of the fidelity is observed at the level-crossing point,which does not appear at the avoided-crossing point.Therefore fidelity is perfectly suited for detecting the level-crossing point in the energy spectrum.

Average Level Crossing Rate and Fading Duration of Multiuser Single Relay Cooperation Wireless Uplinks

We investigate the average Level Crossing Rate （LCR） and Average Fading Duration （AFD） of multiuser single relay co- operation wireless uplinks over independent and non-identically distributed （i.ni.d） Ray- leigh fading channels. We first present the statistical analyses of the first-hop equivalent envelope. Then, we investigate the LCR and AFD of an equivalent end-to-end envelope, and present the closed-form solutions to LCR and AFD, which are given with integral forms. Finally, we derive the Laplace approximations of LCR and AFD as well as the upper and lower bounds. The numerical results of LCR show that the upper bound is tight. For multi user systems with different number of mobile users, the analyses indicate that the LCRs are approximately the same at the low level of the envelope. envelope However, there are at the high level of the reasonable differences among the curves of LCRs. Due to that fact that AFD is the inverse function of LCR, the results for AFD are the opposite.

Deformation Evolution Characteristics Revealed by GPS and Cross-fault Leveling Data before the M_S8. 0 Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on GPS velocity during 1999-2007,GPS baseline time series on large scale during1999-2008 and cross-fault leveling data during 1985-2008,the paper makes some analysis and discussion to study and summarize the movement,tectonic deformation and strain accumulation evolution characteristics of the Longmenshan fault and the surrounding area before the MS8. 0 Wenchuan earthquake,as well as the possible physical mechanism late in the seismic cycle of the Wenchuan earthquake. Multiple results indicate that:GPS velocity profiles show that obvious continuous deformation across the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake was distributed across a zone at least 500 km wide,while there was little deformation in Sichuan Basin and Longmenshan fault zone,which means that the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides energy accumulation for locked Longmenshan fault zone continuously. GPS strain rates show that the east-west compression deformation was larger in the northwest of the mid-northern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone,and deformation amplitude decreased gradually from far field to near fault zone,and there was little deformation in fault zone. The east-west compression deformation was significant surrounding the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone,and strain accumulation rate was larger than that of mid-northern segment.Fault locking indicates nearly whole Longmenshan fault was locked before the earthquake except the source of the earthquake which was weakly locked,and a 20 km width patch in southwestern segment between 12 km to 22. 5 km depth was in creeping state. GPS baseline time series in northeast direction on large scale became compressive generally from 2005 in the North-South Seismic Belt,which reflects that relative compression deformation enhances. The cross-fault leveling data show that annual vertical change rate and deformation trend accumulation rate in the Longmenshan fault zone were little,which indicates that vertical activity near the fault was very weak and the fault was tightly locked. According to analyses of GPS and cross-fault leveling data before the Wenchuan earthquake,we consider that the Longmenshan fault is tightly locked from the surface to the deep,and the horizontal and vertical deformation are weak surrounding the fault in relatively small-scale crustal deformation. The process of weak deformation may be slow,and weak deformation area may be larger when large earthquake is coming. Continuous and slow compression deformation across eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake provides dynamic support for strain accumulation in the Longmenshan fault zone in relative large-scale crustal deformation.

The Influence of Thrust Fault Structure on Cross-fault Short-leveling Survey

Aiming at different variation patterns of cross-fault short-leveling before earthquakes,the paper establishes the 2-D finite-element models with different crustal stratification and fault occurrence perpendicular to Longmenshan fault zone. By contact analysis and viscoelastic finite element method,the influence of fault structure on cross-fault short-leveling is obtained under the same constraint conditions,the results show that:with the increase of the horizontal projection distance of fault,the cumulative displacements of surface increase gradually in the models with fixed dip angles of the fault plane(model 1). However,when the horizontal projection distance exceeds 20 km,the influence of fault?s dip angle on the cumulative displacements of surface short-leveling will decrease significantly,and the cumulative displacements are maintained at about 1. 5 m. However,in the listric fault models(model 2),when the projection distance is less than 20 km,the listric fault structure impedes the sliding of fault. The short-leveling variation rate is only half of model 1;as a result,the ability to reflect the regional stress enhancement by cross-fault short-leveling is further weakened. But when the horizontal projection distance exceeds25 km,the cumulative displacements significantly increase,with the maximum displacement reaching 1. 75 m. The results of equivalent stress show that the listric fault structure causes a sudden increasement in equivalent stress when the horizontal projection distance is 10 km,higher equivalent stress values are accumulated between the projection distance of 5-20 km,and then high-low stress difference zones are formed at the bottom of the fault plane and near the transition zone of low-high dip angle.

Analysis of the relationship between water level fluctuation and seismicity in the Three Gorges Reservoir(China)

The Three Gorges Reservoir is a good site for the further researches on reservoir induced seismicity due to decades＇ seismic monitoring. After the first water impounding in 2003, seismic activity becomes more frequent than that before water impoundment. In order to quantitatively study, the relationship between the water level fluctuation and earthquakes in TGR, we introduced statistical methods to attain the goal. First of all, we relocated the earthquakes in TGR region with double difference method and divided the earthquakes into 5 clusters with clustering analysis method. Secondly, to examine the impacts of water level fluctuation in different water filling stages on the seismic activity in the 5 clusters, a series of statistical analyses are applied. Pearson correlation results show that only the 175 m water level fluc- tuation has significantly positive impacts on the seismic activity in clusters I, II, III and V with correlation coefficients of 0.44, 0.38, 0.66 and 0.63. Cross-correlation analysis demonstrates that 0, ], 0 and 0 month time delay separately for the clusters I, II, III and V exists. It illustrated the influences of the water loading and pore pressure diffusion on induced earthquakes. Cointegration tests and impulse response analysis denoted that the 175 m water level only had long term and significant effects just on the seismic events in the intersection region of the Fairy Mount Fault and Nine-brook Fault. One standard deviation shock to 175 m water level increased the seismic activity in cluster V for the first 3 months, and then the negative influence was shown. After 7 months, the negative impulse response becomes stable. The long-term effect of the 175 m water impoundment also proved the important role of pore pressure diffusion in RIS with time.

Analysis of Fixed Site Leveling Abnormality at Hutubi Seismic Station

On the basis of the comparison data of Stage II of the tunnel site leveling project at Hutubi seismic station and the observation data of Stage IV of the site cross fault leveling project at Hutubi and the level observation data from the cross fault survey lines in Dafeng from 1987 to 2012,this paper analyses the variation rates of the tunnel site leveling observation results and the difference of annual change rates of the cross fault level observations at Hongshan seismic station in Hutubi. This paper concludes the reliability of the Ni004 optical level used by the station and puts forward a proposal based on the analysis. This paper also explores the cross fault leveling research on the ground deformation in the region concerned on the basis of the historical observation of the cross fault level at Dafeng and the comparison results of the tunnel site leveling observation in Hutubi.

Variations of the Summer Somali and Australia Cross-Equatorial Flows and the Implications for the Asian Summer Monsoon

The temporal variations during 1948-2010 and vertical structures of the summer Somali and Australia cross-equatorial flows （CEFs） and the implications for the Asian summer monsoon were explored in this study. The strongest southerly and northerly CEFs exist at 925 hPa and 150 hPa level, respectively. The low-level Somali （LLS） CEFs were significantly connected with the rainfall in most regions of India （especially the monsoon regions）, except in a small area in southwest India. In comparison to the climatology, the low- level Australia （LLA） CEFs exhibited stronger variations at interannual time scale and are more closely connected to the East Asian summer monsoon circulation than to the LLS CEFs. The East Asian summer monsoon circulation anomalies related to stronger LLA CEFs were associ- ated with less water vapor content and less rainfall in the region between the middle Yellow River and Yangtze River and with more water vapor and more rainfall in southern China. The sea-surface tempera- ture anomalies east of Australia related to summer LLA CEFs emerge in spring and persist into summer, with implications for the seasonal prediction of summer rainfall in East Asia. The connection between the LLA CEFs and East Asian summer monsoon rainfall may be partly due to its linkage with E1 Nino-Southern Oscillation. In addition, both the LLA and LLS CEFs .exhibited interdecadal shifts in the late 1970s and the late 1990s, consistent with the phase shifts of Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）.

Dirac R-matrix calculations of photoionization cross sections of Ni Ⅻ and atomic structure data of Ni

We performed R-matrix calculations for photoionization cross sections of the two ground state configuration 3s^23p^5（~2P_（3/2,1/2）~o） levels and 12 excited states of Ni Ⅻ using relativistic Dirac Atomic R-matrix Codes（DARC） across the photon energy range between the ionizations thresholds of the corresponding states and well above the thresholds of the last level of the Ni XIII target ion. Generally, a good agreement is obtained between our results and the earlier theoretical photoionization cross sections. Moreover, we have used two independent fully relativistic GRASP and FAC codes to calculate fine-structure energy levels, wavelengths, oscillator strengths, transitions rates among the lowest 48 levels belonging to the configuration（3s^23p^4, 3s3p^5, 3p^6, 3s^23p^33d） in Ni XIII. Additionally, radiative lifetimes of all the excited states of Ni XIII are presented. Our results of the atomic structure of Ni XIII show good agreement with other theoretical and experimental results available in the literature. A good agreement is found between our calculated lifetimes and the experimental ones.Our present results are useful for plasma diagnostic of fusion and astrophysical plasmas.

Vertical deformation of the fault-crossing network around Baotou,observed by GPS

GPS data and precise leveling data of seismic network profiles across the fault in Baotou in 2006, 2009 and 2011 were processed and analyzed to test the feasibility of using GPS technology for fault-crossing vertical deformation monitoring. The results showed that high precision cross-fauh vertical deformation measurements can be obtained using appropriate GPS data processing strategies.

差异化变革型领导对员工安全绩效的跨层次影响

针对差异化变革型领导对安全绩效的影响问题,利用多层线性分析与层次回归分析法,引入心理安全感为中介变量,建立跨层次中介模型。研究表明:团队一致性变革型领导对员工安全绩效具有显著正向影响;个体差异性变革型领导对员工安全绩效具有显著负向影响;心理安全感在团队一致性变革型领导、个体差异性变革型领导与安全绩效间起部分中介作用。团队一致性变革型领导风格能提高员工的心理安全感,从而提高员工安全绩效。

Vegetation Formation in Estuarine Tidal Flats: Influences of Basin Scale and River-Crossing Structures of the Eight Rivers of Ise Bay in Mie and Aichi Prefectures, Japan

In this study, we examined the influences of the differences in basin scale and river-crossing structures of 8 rivers of Ise Bay in Mie and Aichi Prefectures, Japan on the vegetation in the estuarine tidal flats of these rivers. The dominant plant communities of the estuarine tidal flats formed from rivers of large-scale river basins (exceeding 300 km2) were determined. In the Miya River, the dominant plant community was the Suaeda maritima and Artemisia fukudo community. In the Kushida River, the dominant plant community was composed of Phacelurus latifolius, Artemisia fukudo, Phragmites australis, and bamboo. In the Kumozu River, the dominant community was composed of the coastal plants Calystegia soldanella, Lathyrus japonicus, and Carex pumila and the exotic plant of Lolium multiflorum. The plant community of Suzuka River was dominated by the exotic plant of Eragrostis curvula. Among the estuarine tidal flats influenced by a small-scale river basin (50 km2 or less), the plant community of Shinbori River (Fukue tidal flat) was dominated by Suaeda maritima, and the plant communities of the Shio and Harai Rivers were dominated by Phragmites australis. The plant community of Tanaka River was dominated by Phragmites australis and coastal plants. Regarding the relationship between the vegetation and the river environment for each study site, we hypothesised that in a large basin area with few structures crossing the river, the river water catchment in the estuary after heavy rains caused large areas of disturbance and formed bare land, providing suitable habitat for an annual salt marsh plant community. In contrast, in cases with many structures crossing the river, a stable channel, an excavated riverbed and the suppression of runoff and the resulting disturbance of the estuary, flooding did not occur during high tide. Moreover, we hypothesised that in a small basin with many structures crossing the river, disturbance to the estuary was not likely, and the perennial salt marsh plant community of Phragmites australis would be widely distributed, except for a river type such as the Shinbori River, in which tide and river flow were managed by a final closure.

异构平台要素协同理论方法研究

要素协同是协同作战发展的必经之路,杀伤链的动态重构是其典型特征.本文针对平台协同难以满足复杂作战任务需求的问题,提出了异构平台要素协同的解决思路和理论方法.首先分析了要素协同关系复杂性、协同能力不确定性两个难点问题;其次基于反馈机制的可重构架构对复杂作战网络进行建模,提出了杀伤链算子的要素动态重构、协同序参量的效能定量评估方法;最后基于仿真场景实现杀伤链的动态构建与重构,可指导要素协同的算法设计与工程实践.

跨层次视角下信息安全氛围对员工信息安全制度遵守意愿的影响作用

员工安全遵守行为已成为保护企业信息资产安全的重要保障。侧重人因因素,讨论如何通过有效方法来规范和引导员工遵守信息安全制度。基于保护动机理论(protection motivation theory,PMT)和社会认知理论,采用跨层次分析方法,以员工信息安全制度遵守意愿为因变量,信息安全氛围为组织层面变量,感知严重性、感知易感性、反应效能和自我效能为个体层面变量构建研究模型。借鉴成熟量表设计问卷,发放问卷并获取有效数据,应用SPSS 26.0软件对研究模型进行假设验证。实证结果表明:感知严重性、感知易感性、反应效能和自我效能均正向影响员工信息安全制度遵守意愿;信息安全氛围跨层次既能直接影响员工信息安全制度遵守意愿,又可通过个体层面变量对结果变量产生影响作用。为强化企业安全管理提供一定的理论支撑。

我国跨境电商发展水平及影响因素研究

从发展实力和发展潜力维度,测度我国内地31个省份跨境电商发展水平,探讨价格机制、扶持机制和竞合机制对我国跨境电商发展的作用程度。结果表明:(1)2013—2022年我国跨境电商发展水平呈小幅增长趋势,其规模增长在一定程度上改变了我国传统对外贸易形式,但并未从根本上实现我国对外贸易的新突破。(2)与跨境电商发展实力相比,我国跨境电商发展潜力在全球经济下行压力、中美贸易摩擦以及新冠疫情背景下仍平稳增长,地区差距缩小,但信息化、科技化发展的省际差距在短期内难以弥补。(3)对跨境电商发展的影响程度由低到高依次是价格机制、竞合机制和扶持机制,经营成本、贸易摩擦负向显著影响跨境电商发展水平,政府政策对其正向影响程度偏弱,跨境电商政策效果尚未充分显现。

Stochastic level-value approximation for quadratic integer convex programming

We propose a stochastic level value approximation method for a quadratic integer convex minimizing problem in this paper. This method applies an importance sampling technique, and make use of the cross-entropy method to update the sample density functions. We also prove the asymptotic convergence of this algorithm, and report some numerical results to illuminate its effectiveness.

悖论式领导对建设项目员工韧性的跨层次影响

在建设项目复杂多变的环境中,员工须具备高度韧性才能实现工作适应与个人发展。基于悖论理论与社会认同理论,以组织认同和悖论心态为中介变量,领导愿景为调节变量,构建了悖论式领导影响员工韧性的跨层次结构模型。运用多层线性模型方法对来自52个建设项目团队的问卷数据进行分析。结果表明:悖论式领导、组织认同、悖论心态对员工韧性均具有显著正向影响;悖论式领导对组织认同与悖论心态具有显著正向影响;悖论心态在悖论式领导与员工韧性的关系中起部分中介作用,而组织认同的中介作用不显著;领导愿景对悖论式领导与悖论心态的关系具有正向调节作用,对悖论式领导与组织认同的关系不具备显著调节作用。研究结果为增强建设项目员工韧性提供了管理启示。

DCFF-Net:基于人体骨骼点的双流跨级特征融合动作识别网络

在基于骨骼的动作识别任务中,骨骼点特征对于动作识别来说至关重要。针对现有方法存在输入特征不足、特征融合策略粗糙、参数量大等问题,提出一种基于人体骨骼点的双流跨级特征融合网络。首先,针对特征输入,用欧氏距离骨架特征(EDSF)和余弦角度骨架特征(CASF)两种局部关节特征来表征人体骨骼序列,帮助网络识别不同体态和体态相似的人体动作;其次,考虑到部分动作类别的运动轨迹与全局运动的相关性,引入全局运动特征(GMF)弥补局部关节特征在此类动作上识别精度不足的问题;此外,为了加强不同特征之间的信息交互,提出一种跨级特征融合模块(CLFF),对不同特征层、不同属性的动作特征进行特征互补,丰富了网络的特征形式;最后,网络采用一维卷积(Conv1D)进行搭建,减轻了模型的计算负担。实验结果表明,所提模型在JHMDB身体动作数据集上获得了84.1%的识别准确率,在SHREC手势动作数据集上分别获得了97.4%(粗糙数据集)和95%(精确数据集)的识别准确率,取得了与先进方法相当的性能。

跨级区域协同立法的现实困境与纾解

党的二十大报告提出,“加快构建新发展格局,着力推动高质量发展”,跨级区域协同立法作为区域协同立法的特殊形态,对促进区域协调发展、构建新发展格局进而推动国家重要发展战略目标的实现至关重要。跨级区域协同立法具有巨大的现实需求,2023年修正后的《中华人民共和国立法法》第八十三条为区域协同立法制度提供了明确法律依据,但在实践中,由于跨级区域协同立法的各立法主体间存在层级差异与权限差异,在立法合法性、立法权限、立法主体平等性、立法程序方面仍然存在问题,阻碍区域协同立法制度的发展。可以通过法律解释方法、遵循地方立法权的“最大公约数原则”、建立健全跨级区域协同立法的特殊备案与生效机制来纾解跨级区域协同立法的现实困境,完善区域协同立法运行与保障机制,有效适应新时代区域高质量发展要求。

Analysis of the Frequency Domain Water-level Deconvolution Method Based on Reservoir Airgun Source Data

Based on the 2016 airgun experimental data of the Fujian Nanyi reservoir,we adopted the frequency domain water-level deconvolution method and cross-correlation time delay detection technique to study the influence of level scaling factor and the background noise level of the station on deconvolution calculation results, and analyze the effect of deconvolution on eliminating the influence of the source caused by different air-gun pressures. The results show that:( 1) When the level scaling factor is smaller,the signal to noise ratio of the waveform after the deconvolution is smaller,and when the level scaling factor is over smaller,the identification error of travel time is greater.( 2) When the SNR of the station record is higher,the recognition accuracy of travel time is higher,the influence of SNR on the reference station record is far greater than the far station,when the SNR of the far station record is more than 10,the error of travel time is within6 ms,but when the SNR of the reference station record is 30,the travel time error may reach to 20 ms.( 3) When the airgun source difference is big,the frequency domain waterlevel deconvolution method has better effect on eliminating the source influence,but the method error may be introduced when the source difference is small.