This paper essayed to examine ecosystem functions with a case study of the tropical rainforest environment of the Cross River National Park, Nigeria. The paper highlighted the important functions of the ecosystems to ...This paper essayed to examine ecosystem functions with a case study of the tropical rainforest environment of the Cross River National Park, Nigeria. The paper highlighted the important functions of the ecosystems to include Purification of air and water mitigation of floods and droughts, detoxification and decomposition of wastes, generation and renewal of soil and natural vegetation, pollination of crops and natural vegetation, control of the vast majority of potential agricultural pests, dispersal of seeds and translocation of nutrients, maintenance of biodiversity, protection from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays among others. Problems associated with the rainforest ecosystems among which are logging, traditional methods of farming, poaching, excessive noise and encroachment were identified. The paper concluded by highlighting the way forward among others that, awareness creation should be stepped-up in Support Zone Communities;indigenes should be educated periodically on the benefits of the ecosystem services to not just humans but the forest resources and biodiversity themselves.展开更多
Poaching of wildlife has continued to be the major problem confronting national parks managers in Nigeria in spite of effort being made to curb the ugly trend. This paper examined the anti-poaching programme of the Cr...Poaching of wildlife has continued to be the major problem confronting national parks managers in Nigeria in spite of effort being made to curb the ugly trend. This paper examined the anti-poaching programme of the Cross River National Park Okwango Division Nigeria from 2002 to 2013, with a view to making recommendations for the improvement of the programme. Focused group discussions, personal interviews, review of official records and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Analysis of variance using randomized complete block design and student’s t-test were used to analyse data. Result showed that 1 - 5 arrests of poachers per month per patrol station was significantly (P 0.05) in the number of poachers arrested and fined between 2002 to 2006 and 2007 to 2011. The low performance of the anti-poaching programme was attributed to poorly equipped rangers’ posts as well as well the absence of alternative livelihood options in the enclave and surrounding communities. It was recommended that more rangers should be employed, and the rangers should be adequately kitted, well equipped patrol stations be constructed and the enclave and surrounding communities be involved in the management of the National Park in addition to providing them with alternative livelihood options.展开更多
In the middle of current finance tsunami,there demand measures from the governments across the border between Hong Kong and Mainland to alleviate the financing difficulties faced by the Hong Kong invested enterprises ...In the middle of current finance tsunami,there demand measures from the governments across the border between Hong Kong and Mainland to alleviate the financing difficulties faced by the Hong Kong invested enterprises in Pearl River Delta(PRD).The paper describes the issues surrounding how innovative logistics techniques can be used to overcome border barriers to provide financing services to Hong Kong invested Processing Trade Enterprises(PTE)in PRD.The problems are identified for cross board financing.An analysis tool through risk transfer diagram is developed for service identification.Different financing instruments are reviewed using the tool developed in which the necessary financing logistics functions are identified.Service architecture is given for these financing logistics functions.A case study for cross border financing development in the context of bonded logistics parks shows that a cross border financing logistics park could be a viable approach to facilitating cross border financing development.展开更多
文摘This paper essayed to examine ecosystem functions with a case study of the tropical rainforest environment of the Cross River National Park, Nigeria. The paper highlighted the important functions of the ecosystems to include Purification of air and water mitigation of floods and droughts, detoxification and decomposition of wastes, generation and renewal of soil and natural vegetation, pollination of crops and natural vegetation, control of the vast majority of potential agricultural pests, dispersal of seeds and translocation of nutrients, maintenance of biodiversity, protection from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays among others. Problems associated with the rainforest ecosystems among which are logging, traditional methods of farming, poaching, excessive noise and encroachment were identified. The paper concluded by highlighting the way forward among others that, awareness creation should be stepped-up in Support Zone Communities;indigenes should be educated periodically on the benefits of the ecosystem services to not just humans but the forest resources and biodiversity themselves.
文摘Poaching of wildlife has continued to be the major problem confronting national parks managers in Nigeria in spite of effort being made to curb the ugly trend. This paper examined the anti-poaching programme of the Cross River National Park Okwango Division Nigeria from 2002 to 2013, with a view to making recommendations for the improvement of the programme. Focused group discussions, personal interviews, review of official records and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Analysis of variance using randomized complete block design and student’s t-test were used to analyse data. Result showed that 1 - 5 arrests of poachers per month per patrol station was significantly (P 0.05) in the number of poachers arrested and fined between 2002 to 2006 and 2007 to 2011. The low performance of the anti-poaching programme was attributed to poorly equipped rangers’ posts as well as well the absence of alternative livelihood options in the enclave and surrounding communities. It was recommended that more rangers should be employed, and the rangers should be adequately kitted, well equipped patrol stations be constructed and the enclave and surrounding communities be involved in the management of the National Park in addition to providing them with alternative livelihood options.
文摘In the middle of current finance tsunami,there demand measures from the governments across the border between Hong Kong and Mainland to alleviate the financing difficulties faced by the Hong Kong invested enterprises in Pearl River Delta(PRD).The paper describes the issues surrounding how innovative logistics techniques can be used to overcome border barriers to provide financing services to Hong Kong invested Processing Trade Enterprises(PTE)in PRD.The problems are identified for cross board financing.An analysis tool through risk transfer diagram is developed for service identification.Different financing instruments are reviewed using the tool developed in which the necessary financing logistics functions are identified.Service architecture is given for these financing logistics functions.A case study for cross border financing development in the context of bonded logistics parks shows that a cross border financing logistics park could be a viable approach to facilitating cross border financing development.
