Cross-regional emergency scheduling planning for petroleum based on the supernetwork model

Petroleum, the most important energy source in the world, plays an essential role in securing economic development. If a petroleum shortage happens, it will severely disrupt production and life. Cross-regional emergency scheduling can effectively alleviate a petroleum shortage and further enhance the efficiency of the emergency response. Considering the general lack of focus on cross-regional petroleum dispatching management, we propose a three-layer emergency scheduling network for petroleum based on a supernetwork model that can increase the regional emergency correlation by adding a transfer management process. Then, we compare the total demand for petroleum and the emergency costs considered in the petroleum emergency scheduling supernetwork model（the single-region and the cross-region scenarios）.The result shows that the cross-regional emergency scheduling pattern can effectively enhance the efficiency of the emergency preparations and reduce the emergency costs in most cases. However, when the vulnerabilities in the crossregional link grow or the regional linkage decreases, the effect of single-regional scheduling is better. In addition, the advantages of the cross-regional emergency scheduling network will be strengthened with an increase in its maximum emergency capability. Nonetheless, this advantage will disappear when the petroleum demand in the crisis layer reaches the maximum emergency response capacity. Finally, according to the comparative analysis simulation among scenarios,certain strategic policy recommendations are suggested to improve the petroleum emergency scheduling ability in regions.These recommendations include strengthening the cross-regional coordination mechanism, increasing the modes of petroleum transportation and enhancing the carrying capacity of regional emergency routes.

Experimental study of cross-section ratios in the collisions of C^(q+) and O^(q+) (q=1-4) on atomic helium in strong-interaction region

We have measured the cross-section ratios of helium induced by Cq＋ and Oq＋ （q = 1-4） in an energy range from 20 keV/amu to 500 keV/amu, and obtained the two-dimensional spectra by employing the coincidence method combined with the MPA-3 data acquisition system. Hence, we obtain the ratios of total single-ionization cross-sections （SI, SC, SLSI, and DLSI）, total double-ionization cross-sections （DI, DC, TI, SLDI, and DLDI） and cross-sections of every process （SI, SC, SLSI, DLSI, DI, DC, TI, SLDI, and DLDI）, which induce the single-ionization and double-ionization, to the total cross sections respectively. The competitive relations between the reaction-channels and the experimental data law of each reaction-channel are revealed explicitly, and the qualitative explanations involved in those results are also presented accordingly.

Utilization of cross-regional interconnector and pumped hydro energy storage for further introduction of solar PV in Japan

The amount of solar PV installed capacity has steadily increased to 44.5 GW at the end of FY2017,since the introduction of the Feed in Tariff(FiT)to Japan in 2012.On the other hand,since the first curtailment of solar PV was conducted on October 13th,2018 in the Kyushu area,the curtailment has been frequently executed including wind power after that.In this study,cross-regional interconnector and pumped hydro energy storage(PHES)are focused on mitigating curtailment.In Japan,there are 9 electric power areas which connected each other by cross-regional interconnectors.According to the historical operation,cross-regional interconnectors were secured as emergency flexible measures,but after the implicit auction was started from October 2018,it is used on merit order.Regarding a PHES in Japan,they have been built with nuclear power plants for several decades.Because the output of nuclear power generation is constant,so the PHES is used to absorb the surplus at nighttime when the demand declines.All nuclear power plants in Japan have been shut down after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant following the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11th,2011.There are several nuclear power plants that have been restarted(9 reactors,as of August 2019).In this study,the amount of curtailment for solar PV in the Kyushu area is sent to the Chugoku area using the cross-regional interconnector(Kanmon line).Then,the PHES in the Chugoku area is pumping with low price.Because the spot price in the market is low when the curtailment is executed.After that,the PHES is generating at night with high price when the solar PV is not generating.It makes a profit by the deference for the cost of pumping and the revenue of generating by the PHES.As a calculation result,for one week from May 2nd to 8th,2019,a profit becomes 152.2 million JPY(about 1.22 million EUR).For this purpose,it is necessary to raise the operation capacity of the cross-regional interconnector up to the rated capacity with the frequency control function of solar PV instead of the capacity to keep frequency in the event of an accident.This will allow the further introduction of solar PV in Japan.

A Discussion on Fault Activity Based on Cross-fault Observations in the Capital Circle Region of China and Its Relationship with Earthquakes

In this paper, we made a systematic study on more than 40 years of observational data of ten temporary fault-crossing measurement sites in the capital circle region of China. We calculated horizontal and vertica1 components of fault slip, and horizontal extension or compression components. Considering the tectonic characteristics of the capital circle region and regional seismicity, we analyzed the present fault activity of the capital circle region and the relationship with earthquakes. The results show the complexity of fault activity in the region: the level of activity of all faults is low, most faults are left-lateral strike-slip faults; there is less vertical activity than horizontal activity and crustal movement is controlled by horizontal movement; fault activity and earthquake activity have a certain relationship, regional fault activity increases before an earthquake, and fault activity has certain abnormal features before strong earthquakes.

长江流域环境案件跨区域集中管辖问题研究

以行政区划为标准的传统环境司法管辖模式与长江流域环境保护的生态性、整体性、系统性相矛盾,而流域环境案件集中管辖可作为破解环境治理难题的关键路径。通过实证分析可以发现,目前长江流域所涉各省跨行政区划集中管辖的具体实践存在行政区划分离程度不高、法律规范依据不足、环境司法专门机构设置衔接不畅等制约因素。因此,要明确以流域治理所遵循的整体和系统理论为基础,确立长江流域地理单元为基础的整体环境治理理念,确保集中管辖实质效用得到发挥;确立与完善流域跨行政区划环境案件管辖法律规范供给,为司法实践提供统一标准遵循;坚持环境司法专门化改革,以长江生态环境法院为基础框架发展完善专门管辖,以便破除行政区划对流域环境司法的阻碍,增强流域集中管辖的规范性、有效性。

小麦条锈病跨区域全周期绿色防控技术体系的构建与应用

小麦条锈病是我国小麦生产上一种跨区域流行的重大病害。1949年以来,我国小麦条锈病研究,治理能力明显提升,发病面积、流行程度、流行频率明显降低,但由于条锈菌Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici新毒性小种不断产生和气候异常变化等因素的影响,近年来其流行规律和成灾机制出现了新的变化,发生危害加重,严重威胁小麦生产和国家粮食安全。基于“十二五”以来我国在小麦条锈病菌毒性新小种产生、有性生殖、侵染循环和大区流行规律等方面的最新研究成果,作者在学习和实践以往病害治理经验的基础上,坚持长短结合、标本兼治、分区治理、综合防治的指导思想,制定了“以绿色防控为基础,以全周期管理为重点,以跨区域联防联控为保障”的防控策略,提出了精准监测预报、毒性小种变异监测、早期菌源控制、抗病品种合理布局和应急防控等关键技术,集成构建了全国小麦条锈病跨区域全周期绿色防控技术体系,制定了越夏易变区、冬季繁殖区(越冬区)和春季流行区分区防控技术体系。经在小麦条锈病主要流行区大面积试验示范,取得了防控效果85%以上,化学农药用量减少10%以上,小麦单产提高5%以上的成效。2022年-2023年在全国小麦主产区大范围组织推广应用,有效控制了小麦条锈病严重流行势头,全国病害发生面积出现了新低,有效减轻了灾害损失,保障了国家粮食安全。

跨区域重症远程协同服务平台设计与应用

目的:建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台,推动优质医疗资源下沉与均衡分布,探索专科医联体建设新路径。方法:依托5G技术、KVM等技术建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台。结果:四川大学华西医院重症医学学科与信息中心,联合第三方医学信息服务商共同建设华西医院重症医学学科联盟远程重症协同系统,破解医疗信息跨院安全传输障碍,开发远程监护、远程会诊、远程实操、远程教育、远程质控5大功能模组,服务13省140家成员单位,提供会诊查房约250例/年,教学直播约200场/年。结论:现有通信相关技术可以成功建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台,保障患者数据安全,提高远程协同效率,实现医疗资源、教学资源共享。

基于储能和水电调节的跨区风光水联合优化调度策略

针对大规模新能源经特高压直流通道跨区并网消纳,在送端采用储能调节满足直流通道直线化功率传输等约束的同时,如何减小风光入网扰动度问题;在受端采用水电调节满足风光水跟踪电网负荷变化趋势,如何解决水电调节的利益受损问题,构建了风光水跨区域联合运行的三阶段调度模型.首先,在送端基于储能调节,构建了考虑受端电网净负荷变化趋势的风光功率直线化分段调节多目标优化模型;其次,在受端基于梯级水电调节,实现风光水联合功率跟踪电网负荷变化,构建受端电网与风光水联盟主从博弈模型,优化电网电价和联盟售电计划;最后,构建了基于纳什谈判的联盟利润分配模型,实现合作后各成员利润较合作前得到提升,维系联盟合作机制的稳定.仿真算例结果表明,采用本文方法可有效提升调节资源利用效率,保证水电调节利益,促进新能源消纳.

ESG表现与企业跨区域投资

跨区域投资不仅是企业实现规模扩张的重要方式,也是政府促进区域协调发展的重要抓手。文章选取2009—2022年我国A股上市公司数据,探讨企业ESG表现与跨区域投资的关系。研究发现:良好的ESG表现会促进企业跨区域投资;机制检验发现,企业ESG表现主要通过资源获取效应和市场拓展效应促进跨区域投资,当企业信息披露质量越高、受到的融资约束越强、所在地区的市场化水平越低时,ESG表现对企业跨区域投资的促进作用越明显;拓展性研究表明,在投资区位选择上,良好的ESG表现会促使企业资本由经济发达地区向经济欠发达地区流动,在投资模式上,相较于并购投资模式,良好的ESG表现会促使企业更倾向选择新建投资模式进行跨区域投资。研究结果对优化企业跨区域投资策略,推动区域经济协同发展具有重要借鉴价值。

台湾地区2024年“二合一”选举结果及影响分析

台湾地区2024年“二合一”选举在中美战略博弈持续、两岸关系严峻复杂的形势下举行。各主要政党展开激烈竞逐,打破岛内传统政治生态格局。民进党赖清德以未过半的相对多数票当选,立法机构呈“三党不过半”新局,折射出加速分化的岛内民意以及多元竞合的政党政治新态势。未来4年,岛内政局将在民进党当局“三重少数”执政下以立法机构为重心展开角力,政局恐将动荡不安。两岸关系的对抗性和不确定性进一步上升,内地发展进步将持续增强对两岸关系的主导权和主动权,民进党继续执政无法改变两岸关系发展基本格局。

城市商业银行异地扩张与企业创新

基于城市商业银行异地扩张为准自然实验,通过手工整理的城市商业银行异地扩张及银企地理距离数据,并匹配1998—2013年中国工业企业数据库,使用双重差分和包括敏感性分析在内的多重稳健性检验,验证了城市商业银行异地扩张是否能促进企业创新。研究发现,城市商业银行异地扩张能够显著促进企业创新产出,并产生扩散效应,促进位于城市边界的企业创新。机制研究发现,城市商业银行异地扩张能够为企业提供更多信贷渠道并降低融资成本,但是也可能破坏当地原有的银企关系,加剧银行对成熟企业、大型企业和国有企业的信贷偏好。进一步研究发现,城市商业银行异地扩张通过促进金融科技发展,进而促进企业创新。

经济增长目标调整促进了资本流动吗——基于企业跨地区投资的视角

地方政府“为增长而竞争”的发展模式是造成市场分割的重要因素,那么经济增长目标下调能否缓解这一局面、促进要素资源自由流通?为了回答这一问题,本文以上市公司在异地设立子公司的行为衡量资本要素的流动性,系统考察经济增长目标下调对企业跨地区投资的影响。研究发现,经济增长目标下调能够促进资本流动,表现为经济增长目标下调显著提升了辖区内上市公司设立异地子公司的比例;影响机制分析表明,经济增长目标下调提高了政府放权意愿,降低了市场分割程度,进而促进了企业跨地区投资;进一步的异质性分析揭示,在地区行政壁垒较低、行业竞争程度较高及民营企业样本中,经济增长目标下调对企业跨地区投资的促进作用更加明显。本文丰富了制度性政府行为影响资源配置的相关研究,为当前推进全国统一大市场建设提供了直接的政策思路。

Assessing performance of cross-administrative environment governance based on PSR model:An empirical analysis of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

As an effective environment governance tool,environment governance performance evaluation is an important content and method to promote the modernization of environment governance system and governance ability.The environmental pollution of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has typical cross-administrative characteristics.Based on the analysis of the major environmental pollution problems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,according to the international environment governance PSR model,a performance evaluation system that applies to the environment governance of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is established.Meanwhile,the principal component analysis method is applied to conduct an empirical analysis of the environmental governance panel data for the 13 major cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2014 to 2016.The results show that most of the cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region attach great importance to reduction of emission and pollutants,continuously alleviating the stress of environmental governance.However,the overall improvement of the environment governance performance in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has presented a polarization imbalance.There is a clear tendency for subjective biases in the implementation of environment governance and a lack of comprehensive and systematic governance.According to the environment governance performance evaluation result of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the cross-administrative regional environment governance should improve the environment governance performance evaluation system as soon as possible,strengthen the consistency of the environment governance objectives,and implement comprehensive and systematic governance for the regional environment.

促进还是抑制:新能源车企被动型异地投资对创新产出的影响

中国新能源汽车市场发展过程中存在较多的“地方保护”现象,新能源车企为了迎合一些地方保护政策而不得不选择异地投资。这种被动型的异地投资会干扰企业既定的创新计划,进而影响新能源车企的创新产出。利用2009—2021年新能源汽车上市公司的数据,检验了被动型异地投资对创新产出的具体影响。结果表明,新能源车企被动型异地投资显著抑制了创新产出。影响渠道检验进一步表明,被动型异地投资主要通过“资源侵占效应”和“需求同质效应”两条影响渠道来抑制创新产出。在考虑了组别差异后,被动型异地投资对创新产出的抑制作用存在有效性边界:当被动型异地投资较为集中时,不存在显著的抑制作用;当中国新能源汽车市场处于推广前期时,仅表现为不显著的抑制趋势。研究结论丰富了异地投资影响创新产出的分析框架,优化了新能源车企异地投资的战略选择,同时为坚决破除中国新能源汽车地方保护提供了经验证据。

基于ACO算法的跨市域血液信息管理系统的应用与研究

针对我省市域间血站信息孤岛、血液资源无法精准调配实现等问题,对我省各市血站信息管理系统进行组合式联网模式改造,通过Quartz结合蚁群算法(ACO)解决血样跨市域动态规划调度难题,实现市际间全时段精准调配、血液动态需求管理等功能,可有效解决市域间血站信息孤岛、血样多重运力浪费、血样闲置等问题,推动我省血液管理的数字化、智能化、协同化进程。系统运营一年库存废弃率同比下降53.12%,运输成本同比降低(34.15±5.16)元/单位。

环境案件跨区管辖制度的理论基础与可行性路径

当前环境案件跨区管辖制度改革并不彻底,限于被动回应型逻辑的改革举措存在着顾此失彼等诸多问题,因此进一步深化改革必须破除对策式思维、强调管辖制度自身的内在规律。从管辖制度的本质出发,英美法系国家提出的实际控制理论是管辖权分配的基本原理,具有普适性。借助这一理论工具分析各地环境案件跨区管辖模式,可知当前改革所面临诸多问题的根源都在于环境跨区管辖权未能实现对环境要素的实际控制以及缺乏权源基础。从实际控制理论出发,结合我国管辖制度以及环境司法审判资源等具体实际,环境案件跨区管辖制度的进一步完善应当坚持以生态功能区为标准划分环境案件司法辖区,分别以一般性地方法院与专门环境法院实现对省域内、跨省环境案件的跨区管辖。

检察环境公益诉讼实践现存问题及其对策——以S省D县检察院为样本

《民事诉讼法》和《行政诉讼法》的出台建立了我国现行的检察环境公益诉讼制度。以S省D县检察院开展的检察环境公益诉讼为出发点,从微观角度分析其在司法实践中存在的证据线索获取困难、诉讼管辖混乱、环境污染造成的损失难以确定、惩罚性赔偿金难以管理等问题。为解决这些问题,更好建设检察环境公益诉讼制度,未来应当加强检察院与行政机关、公民的联动衔接,多途径收集线索;探索建立检察院内部跨区域合作机制,减少在异地管辖、集中管辖背景下程序衔接不畅的问题;引入专业组织和专家辅助人对环境污染定损,并提供相应修复建议;明晰公益诉讼案涉赔偿金的使用和管理制度,由省级以上检察院建立环境损害赔偿基金会。

边疆治理现代化与周边命运共同体建设

人类命运共同体是百年未有之大变局下,中国提出的解决人类未来发展前途命运的愿景设计。人类命运共同体是一个从局部到整体的渐进建设过程,周边命运共同体建设就是迈向人类命运共同体的关键步骤和重要环节。中国边疆地区与周边国家存在天然而紧密的地缘关系,经济社会文化领域的联系交往广泛而频繁,繁杂的跨界公共事务需要相邻国家间平等协商治理,才能取得高效共赢的治理效果。推动建设周边命运共同体是达成合作共赢的最佳选择。周边命运共同体建设具有双重功能,一是为中国的未来发展营造良好的周边环境,二是促进中国边疆与周边国家的融合发展,加快边疆治理现代化进程。未来的边疆治理须秉持共生主义理念,统筹边疆治理与跨境区域治理,统筹国内发展与周边发展,统筹国内安全与周边安全,推进边疆治理现代化与周边命运共同体建设的高度耦合和协同演进。

保护性耕作机械能否带动保护性耕作净碳汇的空间外溢?——基于农机跨区服务视角

农机跨区服务推动了以农业机械为载体的保护性耕作技术及其净碳汇的空间外溢。本文以2000—2020年中国30个省份(不含港澳台及西藏)为研究样本,运用探索性空间数据分析法揭示保护性耕作机械及其净碳汇在空间上的集聚特征,并通过空间杜宾模型定量分析保护性耕作机械对其净碳汇的空间溢出效应。研究发现:1)保护性耕作机械动力及其净碳汇在2000—2020年期间均呈增长态势,年均增长率分别为12.52%和7.42%,两者在空间上主要表现为“高-高集聚”和“低-低集聚”的区域集聚特征。2)保护性耕作机械动力通过跨区服务能够显著带动保护性耕作净碳汇实现空间外溢。具体表现为保护性耕作机械动力对周边省份保护性耕作净碳汇会产生正向空间溢出效应,且主要归因于秸秆还田机械的跨区作业。3)保护性耕作机械动力对其净碳汇的空间溢出效应因时间、地形、粮食作物主产区而异。具体来说,其空间溢出效应在2004—2009年间和2010—2013年间显著为正,并呈增加趋势;在平原地区,其空间溢出效应为正,在丘陵山区则为负;保护性耕作机械的空间溢出效应在水稻主产区更明显,免耕机械的空间溢出效应在小麦主产区相对突出,而秸秆还田机械的空间溢出效应在三大粮食作物主产区基本无差异。为此,本研究提出加大保护性耕作推广力度、搭建农机服务信息化平台和提高保护性耕作农机装备水平的对策建议。