Transverse manipulation of particles using Bessel beam of tunable size generated by cross-phase modulation

We report on a method to achieve multiple microscopic particles being trapped and manipulated transversely by using a size-tunable Bessel beam generated by cross-phase modulation(XPM)based on the thermal nonlinear optical effect.The results demonstrate that multiple polystyrene particles can be stably trapped simultaneously,and the number of the trapped particles can be controlled by varying the trapping beam power.In addition,the trapped particles can be manipulated laterally with micron-level precision by changing the size of J_(0)Bessel beam.This work provides a simple but efficient way to trap and manipulate multiple particles simultaneously,which would have potential applications in many fields such as cell sorting and transportation.

Effects of walk-off on cross-phase modulation induced modulation instability in an optical fibre with high-order dispersion

This paper investigates the effects of walk-off among optical pulses on cross-phase modulation induced modulation instability in the normal dispersion region of an optical fibre with high-order dispersion. The results indicate that, in the case of high-order dispersion, the walk-off effect takes on new characteristics and will influence considerably the shape, position and especially the number of the spectral regions of the gain spectra of modulation instability. Not only the group-velocity mismatch, but also the difference of the third-order dispersion of two optical waves will alter the gain spectra of modulation instability but in different ways. Depending on the values of the walk-off parameters, the number of the spectral regions may increase from two to at most four, and the spectral shape and position may change too.

Cross-phase modulation instability in optical fibres with exponential saturable nonlinearity and high-order dispersion

Utilizing the linear-stability analysis, this paper analytically investigates and calculates the condition and gain spectra of cross-phase modulation instability in optical fibres in the ease of exponential saturable nonlinearity and high-order dispersion. The results show that, the modulation instability characteristics here are similar to those of conventional saturable nonlinearity and Kerr nonlinearity. That is to say, when the fourth-order dispersion has the same sign as that of the second-order one, a new gain spectral region called the second one which is far away from the zero point may appear. The existence of the exponential saturable nonlinearity will make the spectral width as well as the peak gain of every spectral region increase with the input powers before decrease. Namely, for every spectral regime, this may lead to a unique value of peak gain and spectral width for two different input powers. In comparison with the case of conventional saturable nonlinearity, however, when the other parameters are the same, the variations of the spectral width and the peak gain with the input powers will be faster in case of exponential saturable nonlinearity.

Supercontinuum Generation Enhanced by Cross-phase Modulation in Dispersion-flattened and Decreasing Fiber

Supercontinuum spectrum generation in a dispersion-flattened and decreasing fiber with two orthogonally polarized pulses was simulated and calculated. The research results indicated that the supercontinuum spectrum generated by two orthogonally polarized pulses is wider and flatter than that generated by single polarized pulse due to cross-phase modulation. The cross-phase modulation effect can enhance the supercontinuum spectrum generation. When the pump power of the input pulse is lower, the enhancement of supercontinuum spectrum generation by cross-phase modulation effect is more significant.

Channel Capacity of DWDM Networks with Cross-phase Modulation Effect

In dense wavelength division multiplexing(DWDM) optical transmission systems, cross phase modulation(XPM) due to Kerr effect causes phase shift and intensity modulation in each channel, which will lead the channel capacity to be a random variable. An expression of the channel capacity dealing with XPM effect is presented, and the correctness and accuracy of this method are demonstrated by numerical simulation.

Enhanced soliton-effect pulse compression by cross-phase modulation in optical fibers

A new method is proposed to enhance the soliton-effect compression of optical pulses. It consists of copropagating two optical pulses with close wavelengths in the anomalous group-velocity dispersion regime of single-mode fibers. Numerical simulations show that, as compared with the traditional single pulse compression method, cross-phase modulation can not only dramatically increase the compression ratio but also decrease the optimum fiber length. The effects of initial pulse-width mismatch, Raman self-scattering, and pulse walk-off on the pulse compression are also discussed.

Evolution of Hyperbolic-Secant Pulses Towards Cross-Phase Modulation Induced Optical Wave Breaking and Soliton or Soliton Trains Generation in Quintic Nonlinear Fibers

The approximate analytical frequency chirps and the critical distances for cross-phase modulation induced optical wave breaking(OWB) of the initial hyperbolic-secant optical pulses propagating in optical fibers with quintic nonlinearity(QN) are presented. The pulse evolutions in terms of the frequency chirps, shapes and spectra are numerically calculated in the normal dispersion regime. The results reveal that, depending on different QN parameters, the traditional OWB or soliton or soliton pulse trains may occur. The approximate analytical critical distances are found to be in good agreement with the numerical ones only for the traditional OWB whereas the approximate analytical frequency chirps accords well with the numerical ones at the initial evolution stages of the pulses.

Study on self-frequency-shift of femtosecond pulse in nonlinear dispersion medium using time-resolved cross-phase modulation method

A time-resolved cross-phase modulation method combined with a modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation is used to study the effects of nonlinear response time on the propagation of ultrashort pulses in nonlinear dispersion media. Evolution of cross-phase modulation spectrum with the different time delay between the probe pulse and pump pulse is simulated using split-step Fourier method. It is shown that both normal self-frequency-shift-red-shift and abnormal self-frequency-shift-blue-shift can occur in the frequency domain for the probe pulse, and a satisfactory theoretical interpretation is given.

Nonlinear Pulse Compression and Reshaping Using Cross-Phase Modulation in a Dispersion-Shifted Fiber

Nonlinear pulse compression has been demonstrated by cross-phase modulation in a dispersion-shifted fiber. The output is obtained from filtering of the broadened optical spectrum and a pulse width reduction from 61 to 28 ps is achieved.

Analytical Assessment of the Q-Factor due to Cross-Phase Modulation (XPM)

The paper describes the impact of cross-phase modulation on NRZ modulated WDM systems. The impairments due to XPM will be related to a Q-factor and the effects of dispersion management will be covered.

Low Power Penalty Operation of a Wide Input Dynamic Range Cross-Phase Modulation Wavelength Converter

We successfully demonstrated low power penalty operation of a cross-phase modulated (XPM) wavelength converter using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) power equalizer. We also clarified the SOA equalizing level for more adaptive wavelength conversion and achieved a power penalty of less than 1 dB over the wide input dynamic range of 15 dB.

Memory-enhanced noiseless cross-phase modulation

Large nonlinearity at the single-photon level can pave the way for the implementation of universal quantum gates.However,realizing large and noiseless nonlinearity at such low light levels has been a great challenge for scientists in the past decade.Here,we propose a scheme that enables substantial nonlinear interaction between two light fields that are both stored in an atomic memory.Semiclassical and quantum simulations demonstrate the feasibility of achieving large cross-phase modulation(XPM)down to the single-photon level.The proposed scheme can be used to implement parity gates from which CNOT gates can be constructed.Furthermore,we present a proof of principle experimental demonstration of XPM between two optical pulses:one stored and one freely propagating through the memory medium.

Enhanced Cross-Phase Modulation via Phase Control in a Quantum dot Nanostructure

A four-level quantum dot (QD) nanostructure interacting with four fields (two weak near-infrared (NIR) pulses and two control fields) forms the well-known double-cascade configuration.We investigate the cross-phase modulation (XPM) between the two NIR pulses.The results show,in such a closed-loop scheme,that the XPM can be greatly enhanced,while the linear absorption and two-photon absorption (gain) can be efficiently depressed by tuning the relative phase among the applied fields.This protocol may have potential applications in NIR all-optical switch design and quantum information processing with the solid-state materials.

Robust measurement of orbital angular momentum of a partially coherent vortex beam under amplitude and phase perturbations

The ability to overcome the negative effects,induced by obstacles and turbulent atmosphere,is a core challenge of long-distance information transmission,and it is of great significance in free-space optical communication.The spatial-coherence structure,that characterizes partially coherent fields,provides a new degree of freedom for carrying information.However,due to the influence of the complex transmission environment,the spatial-coherence structure is severely damaged during the propagation path,which undoubtedly limits its ability to transmit information.Here,we realize the robust far-field orbital angular momentum(OAM)transmission and detection by modulating the spatial-coherence structure of a partially coherent vortex beam with the help of the cross-phase.The cross-phase enables the OAM information,quantified by the topological charge,hidden in the spatial-coherence structure can be stably transmitted to the far field and can resist the influence of obstructions and turbulence within the communication link.This is due to the self-reconstruction property of the spatial-coherence structure embedded with the cross-phase.We demonstrate experimentally that the topological charge information can be recognized well by measuring the spatial-coherence structure in the far field,exhibiting a set of distinct and separated dark rings even under amplitude and phase perturbations.Our findings open a door for robust optical signal transmission through the complex environment and may find application in optical communication through a turbulent atmosphere.

两桥臂交叉解耦不平衡控制策略研究

由于非不平衡控制策略中没有考虑线电压和相电流的相角差,造成三相电网的有功、无功电流无法完全补偿。为了解决这一问题,根据电压电流相角差,推导出单相补偿器中无功参考补偿电流与负载电流的关系,提出一种两桥臂交叉解耦不平衡控制策略,利用多变量滤波器和交叉解耦双复系数滤波器优化锁相环,精确锁定三相不平衡电网的电压频率和相位,对2个单相背靠背变换器的无功电流分别控制,进而利用两桥臂变换器补偿三相不平衡无功。实验结果验证了所提两桥臂交叉解耦不平衡控制策略,可抑制三相有功不平衡及补偿三相不平衡无功,将三相电流的不平衡度从150.0%降低至2.6%,三相电网功率因数从0.257提升至0.997,减少了三相无功补偿器的开关管个数。

基于多光子叠加态的交叉相位调制耦合参数测量

继纠缠之后,粒子间相互作用已成为量子增强的重要资源.在不利用纠缠资源的前提下,已有研究工作利用单光子叠加态与相干态的相互作用实现了精度为海森堡极限的参数测量,然而海森堡极限并不是这个相互作用模型的测量精度极限.为了得到更高的测量精度,将单光子叠加态替换为多光子叠加态,在弱测量框架下对信号光量子态进行后选择与量子态筛选.将单光子叠加态替换为多光子叠加态,能为测量结果带来全方位提升.提出基于多光子叠加态的交叉相位调制耦合参数测量的物理方案,该物理方案具有搭建难度低及操作简单的优点.

激光外差探测阵列互相关相干累积法

针对粗糙目标导致本振光与信号光波前失配这一技术难题,提出一种基于序列移位与互相关的用于检测微弱外差信号的相干累积法。该方法利用阵列探测器的阵列信号进行互相关运算,将外差信号频谱幅值作为目标函数,快速准确地估计最佳序列偏移量和计算相位调整量,搭建了一套基于高速摄像机阵列探测器的光外差探测系统。仿真分析和实验结果表明,该方法应用于主动光外差探测领域时对相位补偿的精确度更高,信号处理时间可提高到毫秒量级。

视听工作记忆的相位同步与跨频耦合研究

为了深入了解视听工作记忆中的神经机制和节律耦合规律,采集了视听工作记忆任务脑电数据,通过时频分析确定关键节律及核心电极,并使用多变量模式分析确定关键时间段。theta相位同步在记忆呈现期至关重要,其中额颞叶同步参与听觉记忆,额顶叶同步参与视觉记忆,而theta和alpha的跨频耦合只在特定记忆模态的相关脑区有显著增强。工作记忆任务相关脑区通过远端theta同步协调中央执行功能,alpha同步协调记忆存储缓冲功能,theta-alpha耦合整合不同模态功能间的信息,揭示了视听模态工作记忆的部分神经机制。

基于冲突相位组的自动驾驶交叉口行人过街控制方法

【目的】在无信号控制的自动驾驶环境下,自动驾驶车辆的通行轨迹将与过街行人产生大量冲突,如何利用交通控制手段使行人安全通过交叉口,并避免对自动驾驶车辆的通行造成较大的干扰,是亟待解决的关键问题。【方法】本文提出一种基于冲突相位组的自动驾驶交叉口行人过街控制方法,将到达交叉口的车辆流向分为4个冲突相位组,在各相位组内单独分配通行时间,基于冲突相位组对自动驾驶车辆和行人过街的通行时间进行建模;在穿插式通行模式的基础上,使用行人信号灯保障行人过街需求,建立考虑行人二次过街的自动驾驶交叉口交通控制模型。模型以交叉口各流向需求量与实际交通量乘积之和最大为目标,以各流向允许车辆通行的时间比例和行人信号灯状态为决策变量,综合考虑交通流量、行人和车辆通行权等约束,建立混合整数线性规划模型(mixed-integer linear program,MILP),该控制模型可为各流向的车辆和行人分配通行权。【结果】本文模型的车均延误较定时控制方案的降低26.74%,较单次过街模型的降低11.53%,人均延误较定时控制方案的降低51.66%,较单次过街模型的降低36.20%。这表明本文模型能有效提升交叉口的通行效率。【结论】本文模型能根据自动驾驶车辆和行人的通行需求,对交叉口时空通行权进行分配,有效保障行人过街安全。

基于几何相位的高透射型太赫兹超表面设计

文中提出一种基于几何相位的透射型超表面,通过对超表面单元结构的设计和排布实现了对入射圆极化波的波前任意操控和太赫兹涡旋波的产生。该超表面单元由典型的“三明治”型结构,即金属-介质-金属结构组成,顶层和底层金属图案均是由“C”型和矩形组成。利用几何相位原理,在工作频点下通过旋转金属结构对其相位进行调控,同时交叉极化透射幅度较高(>0.9)。通过对单元结构进行旋转编码,可以形成用于产生异常偏折现象、不同拓扑荷数涡旋光束的编码超表面。仿真结果表明,在0.63 THz处,设计的编码超表面能够对电磁波进行良好的调控,产生折射角为±50.1°和30°的异常折射现象,拓扑荷数l=±1两种模态的涡旋波束,在激光雷达和太赫兹大容量通信等领域具有潜在的应用价值。