Problems and Strategies:A Study of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Chinese Undergraduates in the Philippines

Investigating the intercultural adaptation of Chinese undergraduates in the Philippines provides an effective example of bridging the gap between theories of intercultural adaptation.A questionnaire and interviews were conducted to explore the problems and challenges faced by Chinese undergraduates in the Philippines,thereby providing some first-hand information for subsequent studies on cultural adaptation.Chinese undergraduates in the Philippines faced four main challenges,namely interpersonal communication,living environment,social services,and course study.As coping strategies,four suggestions are presented,including cultural integration,life experience,bridge building,and rational docking.

Cultural Review of the Value Conflicts of Architectural Design

There exist multiple value conflicts in Chinese modern architectural design,mainly in three forms,that is,the incongruity between architecture and natural environment,the isolation between functionalism and emotionalism and the deficiency in the virtue of architects.These led to the acts of the inappropriate trade-off,blind plagiarism and hasty decision-making in the design process.The reason is that the current popular culture of architecture is always chasing the market-oriented benefits.Examining and integrating the value conflicts is helpful to explore the rational value system of modern architectural design from the cross-cultural perspective.

Improved Parallel Three-List Algorithm for the Knapsack Problem without Memory Conflicts

Based on the two-list algorithm and the parallel three-list algorithm, an improved parallel three-list algorithm for knapsack problem is proposed, in which the method of divide and conquer, and parallel merging without memory conflicts are adopted. To find a solution for the n-element knapsack problem, the proposed algorithm needs O（2^3n/8） time when O（2^3n/8） shared memory units and O（2^n/4） processors are available. The comparisons between the proposed algorithm and 10 existing algorithms show that the improved parallel three-fist algorithm is the first exclusive-read exclusive-write （EREW） parallel algorithm that can solve the knapsack instances in less than O（2^n/2） time when the available hardware resource is smaller than O（2^n/2） , and hence is an improved result over the past researches.

The Relationship Between Cross-Cultural Conflict Management Levels and Employee Organizational Performance in Cross-Border E-Commerce Corporations in China

This research focuses on the cross-cultural conflict management of cross-border e-commerce corporations in companies on employee organizational performance under conflict management such as power distance conflict,individualism,long-term orientation,indulgence and avoidance of uncertainty as the independent variables and employee organizational performance such as quality,efficiency,and profitability of organizational tasks as the dependent variable.With the advancement of China’s reform and opening up and the implementation of the“One Belt,One Road”strategy,the globalized economy has penetrated into various countries and regions.China trade exchanges with other countries have become more frequent,and have also set up branch factories and branches abroad.However,there are certain differences between the branch company and the domestic culture in the actual operation process.If the cross-border e-commerce corporations cannot handle these contradictions and differences well,the company may face difficulties such as cultural conflicts.For this reason,this paper makes a deep analysis of this,taking the cross-border e-commerce corporations in Guangxi as an example,and points out the problems existing in cross-cultural management in this region and putting forward personal opinions and solutions to related problems,and putting forward feasible solutions,enhances the understanding of involving conceptualizations of cross-cultural communication conflict and its management in the frame of cross-cultural conflicts management theory and provides references for the formulation of cultural conflict management measures for cross-border e-commerce corporations.So that enterprises can gain a firm foothold in the international market competition,enrich and enhance their soft power,and enhance their international status in the development of multinational regions.The result of this research will not only answer existing research questions,but also introduce new ideas and new questions for future research.

The Process of Cross-cultural Adaptation:An Analysis of Outsourced

This paper employs Kim's(2001)‘Process of Cross-cultural Adaptation theory'to analyze the film—Outsourced,which talking about cross-cultural boundaries and how the protagonist Todd adapting to the Indian culture. Stress, adaptation and growth are three crucial phrases in the process of cross-cultural adaptation, which are correlated to each other and perform in a cyclic and continual way of‘draw-back-to-leap'. In this paper, each phrase is analyzed via employing theories and illustrating examples that Todd has experienced and encountered in India to highlight Todd's process of cross-cultural adaptation. Moreover, implications will be explored by the paper and suggestions will be offered to the sojourners for their better adaptation in the host country. In addition, the paper presents the differences between American culture and Indian culture, which are to some extent, the obstacles affecting successful cross-cultural adaptation.

Understanding human-leopard conflict in the ‘Mid-hill’ region of western Nepal

Livestock rearing and agriculture are the main sources of community-based livelihoods in western Nepal.Across the rural mid-hills region of Gandaki Province,leopards are the top predator and frequently depredate livestock and attack humans.Spatiotemporal patterns of human-leopard conflicts(HLC) in Nepal are poorly known at the provincial and national scales,which are essential to formulating effective conflict mitigation strategies and implementing them in the field.This study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of HLC by applying Maxent modeling to covariates relating to known and registered conflict cases(n=842) collected from Nepalese government offices.We found that cases of HLC have been increasing significantly over the past five years.We also concluded that mid-elevation,south-facing slopes were more susceptible to HLC,but that mean annual temperature was by far the most important predictor of HLC;overall livestock density and proximity to roads were also important,but secondarily so.Although we found the increase in human fatalities to 2.16/year was significant(p<0.05),overall human injuries were down slightly,though not significantly(5.16/year;p>0.05).However,we also found an increasing trend in livestock depredation rates for this same five-year period(p<0.05),which averaged 159.6 head/year among incidents reported.We also found that winter was the main season when depredations occurred,and that goats were the most depredated of all livestock.A total US $86,892.25($17,378.45/year) of economic losses were incurred by communities during this time,with 78.57% of the total value reimbursed as compensatory relief through the government’s relief fund.We recommend that the use of predator-proof livestock corrals,greater awareness in local communities about wildlife behavior,better animal husbandry and security practices,and a more efficient compensation program,can improve coexistence between leopard populations and human communities in western Nepal.

基于认知冲突的初中物理有效教学探究

在初中物理教学中,让学生经历认知冲突能够激发他们的求知欲望和学习兴趣,优化其学习方式并提升思维能力。教师要有意识地创设情境来引发学生的认知冲突,使他们在合作、探究和自主学习中形成科学的思维方式,从而提升物理教学质量。

社会接纳调节社会排斥对情绪冲突适应的影响

情绪冲突适应是指人们调动认知控制资源解决当前情绪冲突会促进对随后情绪冲突任务的解决。基于社会排斥的自我情绪调节理论和自我决定理论,本研究通过两个实验考察社会排斥是否影响情绪冲突适应以及社会接纳是否调节社会排斥对情绪冲突适应的影响。在实验1中被试被随机分为接纳组和排斥组。结果发现,排斥组被试在反应时上的情绪冲突适应效应小于接纳组。在实验2中被试被随机分成接纳-接纳组、接纳-排斥组、排斥-接纳组和排斥-排斥组。结果发现,接纳-排斥组比排斥-排斥组被试在反应时上表现出更大的情绪冲突适应效应,而接纳-接纳组和排斥-接纳组被试的情绪冲突适应效应没有显著差异。这两个实验提示,社会排斥会降低个体的情绪冲突适应,而社会接纳可以调节被排斥者的情绪冲突适应。上述发现不仅有助于理解社会排斥与情绪问题之间的关系,而且为干预社会排斥带来的情绪问题风险提供可行性方案。

带冲突图的着色旅行商问题模型与算法

着色旅行商问题是多旅行商问题的一个重要变种,它被广泛地应用于带有重叠区域的多机工程系统。现有的着色旅行商问题难以有效应对带冲突的场景,这种冲突通常表现为两个城市不允许被同一旅行商访问。受带冲突图的组合优化问题的启发,提出了带冲突图的着色旅行商问题,且给出了其形式化的表达。带冲突图的着色旅行商问题是一个NP难问题,精确算法求解器CPLEX仅能在小规模问题实例上获得问题的最优解。为了求解更大规模的实例,提出了一个有效的模因算法。该模因算法采用了自适应大规模邻域搜索算子。对比模因算法和精确算法,模因算法在20个小规模实例中的9个结果更好,在18个实例上展现了其远超精确算法的求解速度。而比较模因算法和其他启发式算法,模因算法在全部14个中等规模实例上均取得了更好结果。此外,消融实验结果验证了模因算法中自适应大规模领域搜索算子的有效性。

两种高效局部搜索算法求解RB模型实例

RB(revised B)模型是一种在约束可满足问题中具备精确相变增长域的随机实例模型,提出两种高效的启发式局部搜索算法用于解决RB模型生成的大值域约束可满足问题。首先为基于权重指导搜索的W-MCH算法,该算法通过约束判断和违反约束数计分来进行搜索,并引入了基于约束违反概率的权重计算公式,根据其关联的约束权重进行修正,再对变量进行迭代调整。然后提出最小化值域的MDMCH算法,该算法通过记录违反约束和逐步消除已违反约束变量的启发式策略来减少搜索空间,并在最小化后的变量域内重新校准变量赋值,进而有效提高算法的收敛速度。此外,还提出了融入模拟退火策略的WSCH和MDSCH算法,这两种算法都能根据变量的表征特点对变量域进行针对性的搜索。实验结果表明,与多种启发式算法相比,这两种算法在精度与时间效率方面均呈现明显提升,在复杂难解的实例中能够提供高效的求解效率,验证了算法的有效性和优越性。

水资源开发Conflict问题调整的META-game解析法

多元化的资源开发间Conflict问题的协调与消除始终是关系开发计划能否实施的重要课题,作为META—game理论的Conflict问题的数理解析方法是Conflict解析法.本文将以多目的水资源开发所涉及Conflict问题为研究对象,利用META-game理论的Conflict数理解析方法对问题进行安定分析,寻求问题的答案,即均衡解.最终提出Conflict问题消除的、能被矛盾各方接受的比较方案,供决策部门选择.

探究社会性不同的犬的认知能力是否存在差异

目的探究社会性不同的拉布拉多犬认知能力是否存在差异。方法参照瑞典工作犬协会(the Swedish Working Dog Association)创建的犬气质评估测试(dog mentality assessment,DMA),使用DMA测试中的社会接触、游戏Ⅰ、距离游戏、扮鬼和游戏Ⅱ5个子测试中的12个行为变量来评估犬的社会性,根据评分标准对中国导盲犬大连培训基地提供的49只拉布拉多犬的社会性行为变量进行评分,使用聚类分析将其分为社会性高分组(n=15)和低分组(n=34)。根据Bray等的犬认知发展系列测试(dog cognitive development battery,DCDB)建立了新的犬认知能力测试体系,对犬的社会线索使用、无法解决任务、抑制控制、认知灵活、工作记忆和多步骤解决任务等不同领域的认知能力进行测试,记录犬在测试中的行为表现及持续时长,统计分析社会性不同的犬认知能力是否存在差异。结果社会性高分组与低分组的犬在无法解决任务、抑制控制测试和多步骤解决任务中的行为变量上存在显著差异。在无法解决任务中,社会性高分组的犬注视人时长显著高于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.008),注视人潜伏时长显著低于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.0001)。在抑制控制测试中,社会性高分组的犬选择正确率显著高于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.034),选择时长显著低于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.039)。在多步骤解决任务中,社会性高分组的犬完成木桩任务数量显著高于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.044);操作木桩时长占比显著低于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.05);完成骨头盘任务平均时长显著高于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.037);操作骨头盘时长占比显著低于社会性低分组的犬(P=0.038)。涉及可操作仪器的测试中,社会性高分组的犬注视人时长高于社会性低分组的犬,操作仪器时长低于低分组的犬,但经统计无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论社会性不同的犬的认知能力存在差异。社会性好的拉布拉多犬表现出更强的认知能力,它们在测试时抑制冲动的能力更强,完成多步骤解决任务的能力更强,在遇到无法解决任务时更倾向于转变策略向人寻求新线索而不是执着于操作仪器。

考虑道路限制的建设场地内车辆调度问题研究

针对大型设备运输车辆进入建设场地后,在场内道路上的车辆调度和路径规划问题进行了研究。受场内道路宽度限制,车辆难以在同一道路上相向行驶;同时,由于不同车辆所运输的货物及运输任务的紧急程度不同,车辆的通行具有不同优先级。针对上述特性,利用时空网络技术构建整数规划模型,在考虑道路限制和不同车辆优先级情况下,对建设场地内的车辆进行调度和会车规避。模型的目标为最小化所有车辆在场内的总时间,包括行驶时间和会车等待时间;模型包含两类约束,即车辆流平衡约束和车辆会车避让约束。为快速有效地求解模型,设计基于时空网络的启发式算法得到各车辆的时空路径,为车辆的路径规划和会车避让提供指导。结合一个实际的大型风电场路网,构建多个算例,对模型和算法的有效性进行验证。结果表明,提出的算法能迅速对不同规模的问题进行求解;另外,算法可以在消除车辆时空冲突的同时,保证车辆在会车时不等待过长时间,最终的方案具有较高的车辆运输效率。

黑河水源调配中的Conflict解析法

跨际河流水源在多主体间调配的Conflict问题的协调与消除始终是关系资源合理利用、保护生态平衡的重要课题,以META—game理论为基础的Conflict数理解析方法,研究分析黑河流域水源调配中利益冲突的主体以及水源调配所涉及Conflict问题,利用META-game理论的Conflict数理解析方法,建立典型模型,然后通过模型,借助Conflict数理分析手段,对问题进行安定分析,寻求问题的答案——均衡解。最终提出Conflict问题消除的、能被矛盾各方接受的推荐方案,供决策部门选择。

调整水资源开发中Conflict问题的分析研究

水资源开发的一个重要课题就是如何消除开发中存在的各方矛盾,正确认识、掌握参与对象(Players)的选好(preference)矢量是利用META-Game理论的扩张—Conflict数理解析法研究分析Conflict问题和确保获得真实均衡解的关键。文章首次利用集合论原理选好矢量,开发了3方以上META-Game的Robustness分析计算方法,并用长江三峡水资源开发项目对它的实用性进行了验证。

Cultural Conflict in Business Negotiation between China and America

With the rapid development of Sino-US economic and trade relations,business negotiation is becoming increasingly frequent between the two countries.Due to the differences in cultural background,performance in the negotiations between China and America is very different.This thesis explores the problems of cultural conflict in Sino-US business negotiation,and analyzes the causes leading to cultural conflict.After a thorough analysis,this thesis puts forward some strategies for solving cultural conflict in business negotiation:identifying cultural differences,respecting cultural differences,learning about other's culture,and striving to create a harmonious and win-win situation.

Systematic vs. Non-Systematic Search for 3D Aircraft Conflict Resolution

A conflict is an event in which two or more aircraft experience a loss of minimum separation. In this paper, we formulate the problem of solving conflicts arising among several aircraft moving in a shared airspace as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). The constraint satisfaction problem being NP-complete, the algorithms developed to solve it have been of two types: non-systematic and systematic search methods. In this paper, we have considered a breakout algorithm as an example of non-systematic search methods and a backtracking procedure that maintains Arc Consistency (MAC) as an example of systematic search methods. The performance of these algorithms was compared experimentally and the Breakout algorithm is shown to be clearly superior.

Cross-cultural study on neighborhood noise problems——results of students

The cross-cultural study on noise problems has been taken by Chinese. The questionnaire for the survey on noise problems was translated from Japanese and the subjects are 402 students in universities. The results are summarized.

家庭冲突对初中生问题行为的影响:亲子关系和核心自我评价的链式中介作用

目的:探讨亲子关系和核心自我评价在家庭冲突对初中生问题行为影响中的作用。方法:采用家庭冲突量表、亲子关系量表、长处和困难问卷和核心自我评价量表,对858名初中生进行问卷调查。结果:家庭冲突、亲子关系、核心自我评价和问题行为两两显著相关,亲子关系、核心自我评价在家庭冲突与初中生问题行为之间的中介和链式中介作用均显著。结论:家庭冲突既可以直接预测初中生的问题行为,也可以通过亲子关系——核心自我评价的独立中介效应和链式中介效应间接影响问题行为。