Brown eared-pheasant Crossoptilon mantchuricum is endemic to China, an d mainly occurs in Luliang Mountains of Shanxi, Xiaowutai of Hebei and Huanglong of Shaanxi. Reintroduction of Brown eared pheasant was carried ou...Brown eared-pheasant Crossoptilon mantchuricum is endemic to China, an d mainly occurs in Luliang Mountains of Shanxi, Xiaowutai of Hebei and Huanglong of Shaanxi. Reintroduction of Brown eared pheasant was carried out from April t o December in 2000. According to the criterions of release site selection in Gui delines for Reintroductions of IUCN, and habitat selection of Brown eared pheasa nt, Kuantan forestry in Wutaishan Mountains of Shanxi Province was selected as t he release site. Of the 8 released individuals, 5 wild individuals were captured in winter in Luyashan Nature Reserve of Shanxi Province, and 3 were offsprings of captive-reared individuals. Transmitters were attached when the 8 individua l s were released. Overall, 6 individuals survived for at least 1 month, and the l ongest time for survival was 155 days, except that one was confirmed as having b een killed by a raptor on the second day and one was lost on the eighth day afte r release. All moved away from the release site after release and established st able home ranges in different sites after 10 days, respectively. In early May, t he individuals again dispersed to establish new home ranges. The wandering dist ance and days of the captive individuals were longer and the home range size wer e larger than that of the wild birds, which resulted from the weak adaptability to new habitat for the captive individuals, such as recognizing and fetching foo d. For wild individuals, the second wandering distance was longer than the first . We believe the difference was related to looking for partners. After wandering , individuals established stable home ranges in different sites .展开更多
The phylogenetic relationships of the avian genus Crossoptilon were studied by comparing mitochondrial control region(D-loop)and cyt b gene nucleotide sequences,with the Lophophorus impejanus and Lophura swinhoii as t...The phylogenetic relationships of the avian genus Crossoptilon were studied by comparing mitochondrial control region(D-loop)and cyt b gene nucleotide sequences,with the Lophophorus impejanus and Lophura swinhoii as the outgroups.Using the synthesizing characters of morphology,ecology and biogeography to combine with Maximum parsimony(MP),Maximum Likelihood(ML)and Bayesin trees,we found that:① C.crossoptilon and C.harmani were closely related and C.harmani was relatively primitive;② C.auritum and C.mantchuricum had a close relationship and C.auritum was relatively primitive;③ the genus Crossoptilon could originate in the boundary region of Sichuan,Yunnan and Tibet.One branch remained near the center of origin and diverged into C.crossoptilon and C.harmani;the other branch spread towards north China and diverged into C.auritum and C.mantchuricum.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Project of the Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs Funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2012BAC01B06)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30570234)
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30800101)the Chicago Zoological Society, the World Pheasant Association and the Critical Ecosystem Partnership FundPeter Garson (Chair,WPA-IUCN Pheasant Specialist Group) provided constructive advice on the work and helped facilitate financial support
文摘Brown eared-pheasant Crossoptilon mantchuricum is endemic to China, an d mainly occurs in Luliang Mountains of Shanxi, Xiaowutai of Hebei and Huanglong of Shaanxi. Reintroduction of Brown eared pheasant was carried out from April t o December in 2000. According to the criterions of release site selection in Gui delines for Reintroductions of IUCN, and habitat selection of Brown eared pheasa nt, Kuantan forestry in Wutaishan Mountains of Shanxi Province was selected as t he release site. Of the 8 released individuals, 5 wild individuals were captured in winter in Luyashan Nature Reserve of Shanxi Province, and 3 were offsprings of captive-reared individuals. Transmitters were attached when the 8 individua l s were released. Overall, 6 individuals survived for at least 1 month, and the l ongest time for survival was 155 days, except that one was confirmed as having b een killed by a raptor on the second day and one was lost on the eighth day afte r release. All moved away from the release site after release and established st able home ranges in different sites after 10 days, respectively. In early May, t he individuals again dispersed to establish new home ranges. The wandering dist ance and days of the captive individuals were longer and the home range size wer e larger than that of the wild birds, which resulted from the weak adaptability to new habitat for the captive individuals, such as recognizing and fetching foo d. For wild individuals, the second wandering distance was longer than the first . We believe the difference was related to looking for partners. After wandering , individuals established stable home ranges in different sites .
文摘The phylogenetic relationships of the avian genus Crossoptilon were studied by comparing mitochondrial control region(D-loop)and cyt b gene nucleotide sequences,with the Lophophorus impejanus and Lophura swinhoii as the outgroups.Using the synthesizing characters of morphology,ecology and biogeography to combine with Maximum parsimony(MP),Maximum Likelihood(ML)and Bayesin trees,we found that:① C.crossoptilon and C.harmani were closely related and C.harmani was relatively primitive;② C.auritum and C.mantchuricum had a close relationship and C.auritum was relatively primitive;③ the genus Crossoptilon could originate in the boundary region of Sichuan,Yunnan and Tibet.One branch remained near the center of origin and diverged into C.crossoptilon and C.harmani;the other branch spread towards north China and diverged into C.auritum and C.mantchuricum.
