To examine the sex differences in the crowing behavior of the Japanese quail, we investigated the effects of sex steroids on calling behaviors using female birds, and the data were compared with those obtained in our ...To examine the sex differences in the crowing behavior of the Japanese quail, we investigated the effects of sex steroids on calling behaviors using female birds, and the data were compared with those obtained in our previous study in male birds which was performed using the same experimental procedures as those in the present study. We injected the female quails daily from 11 to 41 days after hatching with testosterone propionate (TP), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT;a non-aromatizable androgen), estradiol benzoate (EB) or vehicle, and examined their calling behaviors in both sexual and non-sexual contexts. In a non-sexual context of the birds being isolated in a recording chamber, androgens, either TP or DHT, induced crowing in place of distress calling while EB simply inhibited distress calling. These effects of sex steroids on the calling behaviors were almost identical to those in the male quails. In a sexual context of the birds being left undisturbed in their home cages, crowing was induced by chronic treatment with TP, but not either DHT or EB, suggesting that both estrogenic and androgenic actions are required to induce the sexually motivated crowing. Although these results were basically the same as those in the male quails, the crowing in the female quails occurred much less frequently compared to that of the male quails. These data suggest that in the Japanese quail, crowing behavior, when it is restricted to sexually motivated one, is quantitatively different between male and female in the responsiveness to sex steroids.展开更多
目的:探讨全髋关节置换术的CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)患者的满意度及造成不满意的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析2013年3月至2018年3月行全髋关节置换术的169例CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型DDH患者,通过...目的:探讨全髋关节置换术的CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)患者的满意度及造成不满意的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析2013年3月至2018年3月行全髋关节置换术的169例CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型DDH患者,通过微信进行调查问卷,调查患者对手术总体满意度、10项日常功能满意度和患者认为对自己日常生活影响比较大的前5个问题。手术前后采用髋关节Harris评分进行功能评价。结果:收到完整调查问卷145份,所有患者获随访,时间1~5(3.23±1.22)年。145例患者分成两组,其中对手术疗效满意的118例,不满意的27例,手术总体满意率81.38%(118/145)。患者认为对生活影响比较大的前5个问题分别是术后髋部疼痛,肢体明显不等长、行走、上下楼梯、蹲起。两组术前Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不满意组术后Harris评分较低。术后髋关节疼痛、肢体不等长是影响手术不满意的直接因素。结论:采用全髋关节置换术治疗CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型DDH患者手术难度大;术后髋关节疼痛(轻度以上),肢体不等长(>2 cm)是术后不满意的独立危险因素。展开更多
目的:分析和总结自体股骨头结构植骨重建髋臼辅助全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗改良Crowe TypeⅣB型成人髋关节发育不良性脱位(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)患者的临床疗效。方法:按照改良Crowe分型,选...目的:分析和总结自体股骨头结构植骨重建髋臼辅助全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗改良Crowe TypeⅣB型成人髋关节发育不良性脱位(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)患者的临床疗效。方法:按照改良Crowe分型,选取山东大学齐鲁医院德州医院关节外科2015年8月至2023年3月收治的TypeⅣB型DDH患者26例,其中男25例,女1例,采用自体股骨头结构植骨重建髋臼辅助THA,记录患者手术时间、术中失血量、术中术后输血量、术后血红蛋白、手术相关并发症和骨愈合时间等,并行骨盆正位X线片了解假体位置、假体骨长入、假体松动以及骨愈合情况等,采用视觉模拟评分表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价髋关节的疼痛不适,采用髋关节Harris评分和Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)来评价髋关节功能及临床疗效。结果:所有患者的平均随访时间(9.73±8.35)个月,术中出血平均为(715.38±143.37) mL,术中平均输血(415.38±282.41) mL,手术时间平均为(118.62±18.27) min,术后平均输血为(192.31±236.51) mL。所有患者转子下骨端、自体股骨头和假臼之间均骨愈合良好。髋关节VAS评分从术前6.73±0.45,至术后末次随访时VAS评分1.73±0.53,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),髋关节活动度均较术前明显改善,髋关节Harris评分从术前24.27±1.66,至术后末次随访时Harris评分74.77±2.89,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),WOMAC术前术后评分分别为130.08±5.72和67.85±3.23,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论:自体股骨头结构植骨重建髋臼辅助THA治疗改良Crowe TypeⅣB型DDH,具有操作相对简单、固定牢固、手术相对安全和疗效确切的优点。展开更多
The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to spec...The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to specific dietary habits.The carrion crow(Corvus corone),an urban facultative scavenger bird,hosts an abundance of pathogens due to its scavenging behavior.Despite this,carrion crows infrequently exhibit illness,a phenomenon related to their unique physiological adaptability.At present,however,the role of the gut microbiota remains incompletely understood.In this study,we performed a comparative analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology to assess colonic content in carrion crows and 16 other bird species with different diets in Beijing,China.Our findings revealed that the dominant gut microbiota in carrion crows was primarily composed of Proteobacteria(75.51%)and Firmicutes(22.37%).Significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of Enterococcus faecalis among groups,highlighting its potential as a biomarker of facultative scavenging behavior in carrion crows.Subsequently,E.faecalis isolated from carrion crows was transplanted into model mice to explore the protective effects of this bacterial community against Salmonella enterica infection.Results showed that E.faecalis down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),and interleukin 6(IL-6),prevented S.enterica colonization,and regulated the composition of gut microbiota in mice,thereby modulating the host’s immune regulatory capacity.Therefore,E.faecalis exerts immunoregulatory and anti-pathogenic functions in carrion crows engaged in scavenging behavior,offering a representative case of how the gut microbiota contributes to the protection of hosts with specialized diets.展开更多
In petroleum engineering,real-time lithology identification is very important for reservoir evaluation,drilling decisions and petroleum geological exploration.A lithology identification method while drilling based on ...In petroleum engineering,real-time lithology identification is very important for reservoir evaluation,drilling decisions and petroleum geological exploration.A lithology identification method while drilling based on machine learning and mud logging data is studied in this paper.This method can effectively utilize downhole parameters collected in real-time during drilling,to identify lithology in real-time and provide a reference for optimization of drilling parameters.Given the imbalance of lithology samples,the synthetic minority over-sampling technique(SMOTE)and Tomek link were used to balance the sample number of five lithologies.Meanwhile,this paper introduces Tent map,random opposition-based learning and dynamic perceived probability to the original crow search algorithm(CSA),and establishes an improved crow search algorithm(ICSA).In this paper,ICSA is used to optimize the hyperparameter combination of random forest(RF),extremely random trees(ET),extreme gradient boosting(XGB),and light gradient boosting machine(LGBM)models.In addition,this study combines the recognition advantages of the four models.The accuracy of lithology identification by the weighted average probability model reaches 0.877.The study of this paper realizes high-precision real-time lithology identification method,which can provide lithology reference for the drilling process.展开更多
目的:应用有限元分析研究CroweⅢ型发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)髋臼解剖重建与非解剖重建髋关节的生物力学为临床THA髋臼解剖重建提供理论基础和实验依据...目的:应用有限元分析研究CroweⅢ型发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)髋臼解剖重建与非解剖重建髋关节的生物力学为临床THA髋臼解剖重建提供理论基础和实验依据。方法:选取1例因左侧CroweⅢ型DDH伴终末期髋骨关节炎于2020年4月就诊并行左侧全髋关节置换的患者,女,57岁。术前、术后分别行骨盆CT平扫三维重建。在Mimics和3-Matic软件里建立14组髋臼杯不同前倾角、外展角、旋转中心高度模型并进行材料赋值,在Abaqus软件里设置边界和负载条件,计算并观察髋关节应力峰值和分布。结果:对于CroweⅢ型DDH全髋关节置换术,当旋转中心解剖重建,髋臼杯外展角设置为40°时,髋臼杯前倾角5°~25°变化时,髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬最低Von Mises值出现在前倾角20°;当旋转中心解剖重建,髋臼杯前倾角设置为15°时,髋臼杯外展角30°~55°变化时,髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬最低Von Mises值出现在外展角35°;当髋臼杯前倾角设置为15°、外展角设置为40°时,旋转中心上移0~20 mm变化时,髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬最低Von Mises值出现在旋转中心上移10 mm。在所有14组髋臼杯参数模型中,旋转中心解剖重建,髋臼杯前倾角15°、外展角35°时,髋臼、髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬Von Mises值最低。结论:在CroweⅢ型DDH全髋关节置换术中,建议解剖重建旋转中心,髋臼杯前倾角15°、外展角35°,同时进行髋臼外上方植骨并增加螺钉以进一步减少髋关节应力峰值。展开更多
文摘To examine the sex differences in the crowing behavior of the Japanese quail, we investigated the effects of sex steroids on calling behaviors using female birds, and the data were compared with those obtained in our previous study in male birds which was performed using the same experimental procedures as those in the present study. We injected the female quails daily from 11 to 41 days after hatching with testosterone propionate (TP), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT;a non-aromatizable androgen), estradiol benzoate (EB) or vehicle, and examined their calling behaviors in both sexual and non-sexual contexts. In a non-sexual context of the birds being isolated in a recording chamber, androgens, either TP or DHT, induced crowing in place of distress calling while EB simply inhibited distress calling. These effects of sex steroids on the calling behaviors were almost identical to those in the male quails. In a sexual context of the birds being left undisturbed in their home cages, crowing was induced by chronic treatment with TP, but not either DHT or EB, suggesting that both estrogenic and androgenic actions are required to induce the sexually motivated crowing. Although these results were basically the same as those in the male quails, the crowing in the female quails occurred much less frequently compared to that of the male quails. These data suggest that in the Japanese quail, crowing behavior, when it is restricted to sexually motivated one, is quantitatively different between male and female in the responsiveness to sex steroids.
文摘目的:探讨全髋关节置换术的CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)患者的满意度及造成不满意的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析2013年3月至2018年3月行全髋关节置换术的169例CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型DDH患者,通过微信进行调查问卷,调查患者对手术总体满意度、10项日常功能满意度和患者认为对自己日常生活影响比较大的前5个问题。手术前后采用髋关节Harris评分进行功能评价。结果:收到完整调查问卷145份,所有患者获随访,时间1~5(3.23±1.22)年。145例患者分成两组,其中对手术疗效满意的118例,不满意的27例,手术总体满意率81.38%(118/145)。患者认为对生活影响比较大的前5个问题分别是术后髋部疼痛,肢体明显不等长、行走、上下楼梯、蹲起。两组术前Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不满意组术后Harris评分较低。术后髋关节疼痛、肢体不等长是影响手术不满意的直接因素。结论:采用全髋关节置换术治疗CroweⅢ-Ⅳ型DDH患者手术难度大;术后髋关节疼痛(轻度以上),肢体不等长(>2 cm)是术后不满意的独立危险因素。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2601602)Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32090023)Beijing Wildlife Rescue Center,China。
文摘The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to specific dietary habits.The carrion crow(Corvus corone),an urban facultative scavenger bird,hosts an abundance of pathogens due to its scavenging behavior.Despite this,carrion crows infrequently exhibit illness,a phenomenon related to their unique physiological adaptability.At present,however,the role of the gut microbiota remains incompletely understood.In this study,we performed a comparative analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology to assess colonic content in carrion crows and 16 other bird species with different diets in Beijing,China.Our findings revealed that the dominant gut microbiota in carrion crows was primarily composed of Proteobacteria(75.51%)and Firmicutes(22.37%).Significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of Enterococcus faecalis among groups,highlighting its potential as a biomarker of facultative scavenging behavior in carrion crows.Subsequently,E.faecalis isolated from carrion crows was transplanted into model mice to explore the protective effects of this bacterial community against Salmonella enterica infection.Results showed that E.faecalis down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),and interleukin 6(IL-6),prevented S.enterica colonization,and regulated the composition of gut microbiota in mice,thereby modulating the host’s immune regulatory capacity.Therefore,E.faecalis exerts immunoregulatory and anti-pathogenic functions in carrion crows engaged in scavenging behavior,offering a representative case of how the gut microbiota contributes to the protection of hosts with specialized diets.
基金supported by CNPC-CZU Innovation Alliancesupported by the Program of Polar Drilling Environmental Protection and Waste Treatment Technology (2022YFC2806403)。
文摘In petroleum engineering,real-time lithology identification is very important for reservoir evaluation,drilling decisions and petroleum geological exploration.A lithology identification method while drilling based on machine learning and mud logging data is studied in this paper.This method can effectively utilize downhole parameters collected in real-time during drilling,to identify lithology in real-time and provide a reference for optimization of drilling parameters.Given the imbalance of lithology samples,the synthetic minority over-sampling technique(SMOTE)and Tomek link were used to balance the sample number of five lithologies.Meanwhile,this paper introduces Tent map,random opposition-based learning and dynamic perceived probability to the original crow search algorithm(CSA),and establishes an improved crow search algorithm(ICSA).In this paper,ICSA is used to optimize the hyperparameter combination of random forest(RF),extremely random trees(ET),extreme gradient boosting(XGB),and light gradient boosting machine(LGBM)models.In addition,this study combines the recognition advantages of the four models.The accuracy of lithology identification by the weighted average probability model reaches 0.877.The study of this paper realizes high-precision real-time lithology identification method,which can provide lithology reference for the drilling process.
文摘目的:应用有限元分析研究CroweⅢ型发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)髋臼解剖重建与非解剖重建髋关节的生物力学为临床THA髋臼解剖重建提供理论基础和实验依据。方法:选取1例因左侧CroweⅢ型DDH伴终末期髋骨关节炎于2020年4月就诊并行左侧全髋关节置换的患者,女,57岁。术前、术后分别行骨盆CT平扫三维重建。在Mimics和3-Matic软件里建立14组髋臼杯不同前倾角、外展角、旋转中心高度模型并进行材料赋值,在Abaqus软件里设置边界和负载条件,计算并观察髋关节应力峰值和分布。结果:对于CroweⅢ型DDH全髋关节置换术,当旋转中心解剖重建,髋臼杯外展角设置为40°时,髋臼杯前倾角5°~25°变化时,髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬最低Von Mises值出现在前倾角20°;当旋转中心解剖重建,髋臼杯前倾角设置为15°时,髋臼杯外展角30°~55°变化时,髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬最低Von Mises值出现在外展角35°;当髋臼杯前倾角设置为15°、外展角设置为40°时,旋转中心上移0~20 mm变化时,髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬最低Von Mises值出现在旋转中心上移10 mm。在所有14组髋臼杯参数模型中,旋转中心解剖重建,髋臼杯前倾角15°、外展角35°时,髋臼、髋臼杯、聚乙烯内衬Von Mises值最低。结论:在CroweⅢ型DDH全髋关节置换术中,建议解剖重建旋转中心,髋臼杯前倾角15°、外展角35°,同时进行髋臼外上方植骨并增加螺钉以进一步减少髋关节应力峰值。
