2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-(2'-O-feruloyl)-beta -D-glucopyranoside, 2,3,5,4'-tetra hydroxystilbene-2-O-(2'-O-p-coumaroyl)-beta -D-glucopyranoside were isolated from Radix Polygoni multiflori Pre...2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-(2'-O-feruloyl)-beta -D-glucopyranoside, 2,3,5,4'-tetra hydroxystilbene-2-O-(2'-O-p-coumaroyl)-beta -D-glucopyranoside were isolated from Radix Polygoni multiflori Preparata. Structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral evidences.展开更多
Objectives: Radix Polygoni Multiflori Praeparata (RPMP) and Dioscorea Bulbifera Rhizomes (DBR) are used in Chinese herbal medicine and have been frequently reported for adverse reactions on liver. In this research, we...Objectives: Radix Polygoni Multiflori Praeparata (RPMP) and Dioscorea Bulbifera Rhizomes (DBR) are used in Chinese herbal medicine and have been frequently reported for adverse reactions on liver. In this research, we aimed to evaluate in vivo effects of RPMP and DBR on rat cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A2) with their respective substrates as probes. Methods: Rats were orally administered RPMP, DBR and RPMP/DBR combination at 12, 10 and (12 + 10) g/kg, respectively, or saline as a control, once daily for 7 days. Thereafter, a cocktail containing 10 mg/kg caffeine, 20 mg/kg chlorzoxazone and 10 mg/kg dapsone was tail vein injected to rats. At defined time points, plasma drug concentrations were simultaneously evaluated by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters simulated by DAS software were used to assess RPMP and/or DBR effects on cytochrome P450 enzymes activity. ANOVA and Dunnett’s test were used for data analysis. Results: Caffeine metabolism was enhanced in RPMP animals and reduced after pretreatment with DBR, but no effect was observed in RPMP/DBR combination group. Chlorzoxazone and dapsone metabolism was enhanced in both RPMP and DBR groups and consequently in combination group. The data suggested that RPMP independently induces rat CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A2 activity, while DBR independently inhibits activity of rat CYP1A2 and induces that of CYP2E1 and CYP3A2. RPMP/DBR combination showed no significant benefit compared with the two drugs alone and even showed a neutralized effect in CYP1A2 activity. Conclusions: Caution is needed when RPMP and/or DBR are co-administered with drugs metabolized by human CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4.展开更多
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to detect the optimal dietary protein and energy, as well as the ef fects of protein to energy ratio on growth, for the rare minnow( Gobiocypris rarus), which are critical to nutr...An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to detect the optimal dietary protein and energy, as well as the ef fects of protein to energy ratio on growth, for the rare minnow( Gobiocypris rarus), which are critical to nutrition standardization for model fi sh. Twenty-four diets were formulated to contain three gross energy(10, 12.5, 15 kJ/g), four protein(20%, 25%, 30%, 35%), and two lipid levels(3%, 6%). The results showed that optimal dietary E/P was 41.7–50 kJ/g for maximum growth in juvenile rare minnows at 6% dietary crude lipid. At 3% dietary lipid, specifi c growth rate(SGR) increased markedly when E/P decreased from 62.5 kJ/g to 35.7 kJ/g and gross energy was 12.5 kJ/g, and from 75 kJ/g to 42.9 kJ/g when gross energy was 15.0 kJ/g. The optimal gross energy was estimated at 12.5 kJ /g and excess energy decreased food intake and growth. Dietary lipid exhibited an apparent protein-sparing eff ect. Optimal protein decreased from 35% to 25%–30% with an increase in dietary lipid from 3% to 6% without adversely ef fecting growth. Dietary lipid level af fects the optimal dietary E/P ratio. In conclusion, recommended dietary protein and energy for rare minnow are 20%–35% and 10–12.5 k J/g, respectively.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (29872057), Science and Technology Foundation of Shanghai.
文摘2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-(2'-O-feruloyl)-beta -D-glucopyranoside, 2,3,5,4'-tetra hydroxystilbene-2-O-(2'-O-p-coumaroyl)-beta -D-glucopyranoside were isolated from Radix Polygoni multiflori Preparata. Structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral evidences.
文摘Objectives: Radix Polygoni Multiflori Praeparata (RPMP) and Dioscorea Bulbifera Rhizomes (DBR) are used in Chinese herbal medicine and have been frequently reported for adverse reactions on liver. In this research, we aimed to evaluate in vivo effects of RPMP and DBR on rat cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A2) with their respective substrates as probes. Methods: Rats were orally administered RPMP, DBR and RPMP/DBR combination at 12, 10 and (12 + 10) g/kg, respectively, or saline as a control, once daily for 7 days. Thereafter, a cocktail containing 10 mg/kg caffeine, 20 mg/kg chlorzoxazone and 10 mg/kg dapsone was tail vein injected to rats. At defined time points, plasma drug concentrations were simultaneously evaluated by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters simulated by DAS software were used to assess RPMP and/or DBR effects on cytochrome P450 enzymes activity. ANOVA and Dunnett’s test were used for data analysis. Results: Caffeine metabolism was enhanced in RPMP animals and reduced after pretreatment with DBR, but no effect was observed in RPMP/DBR combination group. Chlorzoxazone and dapsone metabolism was enhanced in both RPMP and DBR groups and consequently in combination group. The data suggested that RPMP independently induces rat CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A2 activity, while DBR independently inhibits activity of rat CYP1A2 and induces that of CYP2E1 and CYP3A2. RPMP/DBR combination showed no significant benefit compared with the two drugs alone and even showed a neutralized effect in CYP1A2 activity. Conclusions: Caution is needed when RPMP and/or DBR are co-administered with drugs metabolized by human CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2011BAI15B01-41)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2012AA06A302)
文摘An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to detect the optimal dietary protein and energy, as well as the ef fects of protein to energy ratio on growth, for the rare minnow( Gobiocypris rarus), which are critical to nutrition standardization for model fi sh. Twenty-four diets were formulated to contain three gross energy(10, 12.5, 15 kJ/g), four protein(20%, 25%, 30%, 35%), and two lipid levels(3%, 6%). The results showed that optimal dietary E/P was 41.7–50 kJ/g for maximum growth in juvenile rare minnows at 6% dietary crude lipid. At 3% dietary lipid, specifi c growth rate(SGR) increased markedly when E/P decreased from 62.5 kJ/g to 35.7 kJ/g and gross energy was 12.5 kJ/g, and from 75 kJ/g to 42.9 kJ/g when gross energy was 15.0 kJ/g. The optimal gross energy was estimated at 12.5 kJ /g and excess energy decreased food intake and growth. Dietary lipid exhibited an apparent protein-sparing eff ect. Optimal protein decreased from 35% to 25%–30% with an increase in dietary lipid from 3% to 6% without adversely ef fecting growth. Dietary lipid level af fects the optimal dietary E/P ratio. In conclusion, recommended dietary protein and energy for rare minnow are 20%–35% and 10–12.5 k J/g, respectively.
