Cultural Algorithm for Minimization of Binary Decision Diagram and Its Application in Crosstalk Fault Detection

The binary decision diagrams （BDDs） can give canonical representation to Boolean functions; they have wide applications in the design and verification of digital systems. A new method based on cultural algorithms for minimizing the size of BDDs is presented in this paper. First of all, the coding of an individual representing a BDDs is given, and the fitness of an individual is defined. The population is built by a set of the individuals. Second, the implementations based on cultural algorithms for the minimization of BDDs, i.e., the designs of belief space and population space, and the designs of acceptance function and influence function, are given in detail. Third, the fault detection approaches using BDDs for digital circuits are studied. A new method for the detection of crosstalk faults by using BDDs is presented. Experimental results on a number of digital circuits show that the BDDs with small number of nodes can be obtained by the method proposed in this paper, and all test vectors of a fault in digital circuits can also be produced.

Cultural Binary Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in Fault Diagnosis

Binary particle swarm optimization algorithm(BPSOA) has the excellent characters such as easy to implement and few set parameters.But it is tendentious to stick in the local optimal solutions and has slow convergence rate when the problem is complex.Cultural algorithm(CA) can exploit knowledge extracted during the search to improve the performance of an evolutionary algorithm and show higher intelligence in treating complicated problems.So it is proposed that integrating binary particle swarm algorithm into cultural algorithm frame to develop a more efficient cultural binary particle swarm algorithm (CBPSOA) for fault feature selection.In CBPSOA,BPSOA is used as the population space of CA;the evolution of belief space adopts crossover,mutation and selection operations;the designs of acceptance function and influence function are improved according to the evolution character of BPSOA.The tests of optimizing functions show the proposed algorithm is valid and effective.Finally,CBPSOA is applied for fault feature selection.The simulations on Tennessee Eastman process (TEP) show the CBPSOA can perform better and more quickly converge than initial BPSOA.And with fault feature selection,more satisfied performance of fault diagnosis is obtained.

TO BE A VANGUARD PROMOTE CULTURAL & ETHIC PROGRESS——A proposal by the Presidium of the CAS Academic Divisions & the Presidium of the CAE

The Resolution on Several Major Issues for Strengthening Socialist Civic Ethics adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Party’s 14th Congress states that "socialist ethics is a major feature of socialist society, a great goal and an important guarantee for the modernization drive.The promotion of socialist morality bears closely on the accomplishment of the grand trans-century plan and the prosperity and development of the socialist cause". To do a good job in enhancing socialist ethics is of great practical importance and profound historical significance to the great cause of building up socialism with its own Chinese characters in the country, to the implementation of the two fundamental changes, and to the enforcement of the development strategy of revitalizing China by science and education and this country’s sustainable develop-

Non-dominated sorting culture differential evolution algorithm for multi-objective optimal operation of Wind-Solar-Hydro complementary power generation system

Due to the intermittency and instability of Wind-Solar energy and easy compensation of hydropower, this study proposes a Wind-Solar-Hydro power optimal scheduling model. This model is aimed at maximizing the total system power generation and the minimum ten-day joint output. To effectively optimize the multi-objective model, a new algorithm named non-dominated sorting culture differential evolution algorithm(NSCDE) is proposed. The feasibility of NSCDE was verified through several well-known benchmark problems. It was then applied to the Jinping Wind-Solar-Hydro complementary power generation system. The results demonstrate that NSCDE can provide decision makers a series of optimized scheduling schemes.

Effects of Aconitine on [Ca^(2+)] Oscillation in Cultured Myocytes of Neonatal Rats

In order to investigate the effects of aconitine on [Ca2＋] oscillation patterns in cultured myocytes of neonatal rats, fluorescent Ca2＋ indicator Fluo-4 NW and laser scanning confocal micro- scope （LSCM） were used to detect the real-time changes of [Ca2＋] oscillation patterns in the cultured myocytes before and after aconitine （1.0 μmol/L） incubation or antiarrhythmic peptide （AAP） and aconitine co-incubation. The results showed under control conditions, [Ca2＋] oscillations were irregu- lar but relatively stable, occasionally accompanied by small calcium sparks. After incubation of the cultures with aconitine, high frequency [Ca2＋] oscillations emerged in both nuclear and cytoplasmic regions, whereas typical calcium sparks disappeared and the average [Ca2＋] in the cytoplasm of the cardiomyocyte did not change significantly. In AAP-treated cultures, intracellular [Ca2＋] oscillation also changed, with periodic frequency, increased amplitudes and prolonged duration of calcium sparks. These patterns were not altered significantly by subsequent aconitine incubation. The basal value of [Ca2＋] in nuclear region was higher than that in the cytoplasmic region. In the presence or absence of drugs, the [Ca2＋] oscillated synchronously in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of the same cardiomyocyte. It was concluded that although oscillating strenuously at high frequency, the average [Ca2＋] in the cytoplasm of cardiomyocyte did not change significantly after aconitine incuba- tion, compared to the controls. The observations indicate that aconitine induces the changes in [Ca2＋] oscillation frequency other than the Ca2＋ overload.

On Developing a Vigorous Cultural Environment for Knowledge Innovation

The development of an innova-tion-oriented culture is one of thefive objectives set by the ChineseAcademy of Sciences (CAS) for itsKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP). It falls in line with the call

基于权值的新能源集控电量均衡CSMA/CA改进算法

针对新能源集控任务下发过程中,单个节点电量消耗较大,直接影响电量均衡的问题,提出一种基于权值的新能源集控电量均衡CSMA/CA改进算法。建立电池等效模型,通过计算健康系数推导新能源集控节点当前电量。计算各个电池当前电量与预期之间的差值,当60%以上节点的差值大于设定的阈值,认为电量存在不均衡的问题。利用熵权法与CSMA/CA算法计算三个关键变量的权值,即NB、CW和BE,并赋权,实现CSMA/CA算法改进,以此动态调控任务,实现新能源集控电量均衡消耗。结果表明:利用权值改进后,电量均衡度平均值明显更高。这种方法为促进电量均衡提供新思路。

YOLOv5-CCE:一种基于CA和EIoU的目标检测算法

为了减少YOLOv5模型在复杂环境下的误检率和漏检率,提出一种基于CA(Coordinate Attention)和EIoU(Efficient Intersection over Union)的目标检测模型YOLOv5-CCE。首先向Neck网络中的部分C3_2模块中嵌入坐标注意力机制CA,增强模型对特征的提取能力;其次为提高回归精度,提出一种基于Focal EIoU Loss改进的Focal CEIoU Loss。实验结果表明,在PASCAL VOC 2007+2012数据集上,YOLOv5-CCE模型在参数量和计算量基本保持不变的情况下,相较于原模型mAP@0.5、mAP@0.5:0.95和准确率分别提升了1.4%、1.3%和3.7%,因此,YOLOv5-CCE模型可以更好地适应复杂环境下的目标检测任务。

一种基于CAL-YOLO的海上航空搜救目标检测算法

针对在海上复杂环境搜救任务下,目标尺寸小,且搜救飞机在不同高度和视角下观测到的搜救目标特征各异或存在遮挡等因素造成搜救目标漏检、误检的问题,提出了一种基于CAL-YOLO的海上航空搜救目标检测算法.该算法基于YOLOv8s开源框架改进,引入坐标注意力机制和小目标检测层,以优化海上航空搜救目标检测性能,从而提高海上航空搜救工作效率.实验结果表明,该算法在mAP50的评价指标上提高了11.8%,在mAP50:95评价指标上提高了8.8%.

Protective Effect of Tetrandrine against Excitatory Amino Acids induced Neuronal Injury in Cortical Culture

The ability of tetrandrine (Tet), an alkaloid isolated from Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, to reduce cortical neuronal injury in cortical cultures derived from fetal rats was quantitatively assessed by examination of morphological changes and measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released to the extracellular bathing media Cell cultures exposed to the excitatory amino acids (EAA) 50 μmol L 1 glutamate (Glu), 20 μmol L 1 N methyl D aspartate (NMDA), 300 μmol·L 1 β N oxalylamino L alanine (BMAA, NMDA receptor agonist) or 20 μmol·L 1 β N oxaly lamino L alanine (BOAA, non NMDA receptor agonist) for 24 h at 37℃ showed widespread neuronal injury Tet had little effect on the injury induced by 20 μmol·L 1 NMDA but 10 7 and 10 6 μmol·L 1 Tet did partially attenuate the neuronal degeneration, neuronal loss and LDH efflux resulting from prolonged exposures to 100 μmol·L 1 Glu, 300 μmol·L 1 BMAA and 20 μmol·L 1 BOAA respectively The ability of Tet to reduce the neuronal injury induced by prolonged exposure to EAA may contribute, at least in part, to the reduction of Ca 2+ influx through inhibiting the opening of voltagegated Ca 2+ channels Another mechanism that Tet might have a little inhibitory effect on NMDA receptor on neuronal membrane cannot be excluded, as BMAA has been considered to act as a weak NMDA receptor agonist

培养大鼠心肌细胞缺氧与复氧时H~＋－Ca^（2＋）交换的研究

大量研究表明：心肌细胞缺氧后再复氧，可因氧反常和ｐＨ反常造成细胞内Ｃａ２＋超载。通常认为，在心肌细胞发生ｐＨ反常后，Ｈ＋－Ｎａ＋和Ｎａ＋－Ｃａ２＋交换加强是细胞内Ｃａ２＋超载的重要机制。本实验结果表明：阻断了Ｈ＋－Ｎａ＋和Ｎａ＋－Ｃａ２＋交换后，仍有部分Ｃａ２＋进入细胞，Ｃａ２＋内流量与缺氧时间成正比关系。在无Ｎａ＋溶液中也得到了同样结果，表明此时Ｃａ２＋内流是通过与Ｎａ＋无关的通路进入细胞的。进一步实验表明这种Ｃａ２＋内流与细胞膜内外ｐＨ梯度差密切相关。当胞外ｐＨ升高即胞内相对Ｈ＋浓度增加时，Ｃａ２＋内流量也增加。故推测：ｐＨ反常所致细胞内Ｃａ２＋超载的原因，除Ｈ＋－Ｎａ＋和Ｎａ＋－Ｃａ２＋交换外，尚有Ｈ＋－Ｃａ２＋交换机制。

皮质酮对原代培养的海马神经元及其Ca^(2+)/CaMKII的影响

在培养液中加入 10 7、10 6和 10 5浓度(mol/L)的皮质酮,采用MTT染色测定、Fura 2 /AM的荧光标记以及Western印迹的方法,观察了不同浓度的皮质酮作用下海马神经元形态学和细胞存活率的变化以及胞浆内游离钙离子浓度 [Ca2+ ]i和CaMKII表达的变化规律, 探讨其对原代培养的大鼠海马神经元及其Ca2+ /CaMKII的影响和可能的机制。结果发现: 10 6、10 5浓度的皮质酮对海马神经元的形态学影响较大,与对照组比较,细胞存活率明显降低; [Ca2+ ]i分别为 113. 1022±16. 9716、155.3794±20. 7727;CaMKII的表达也明显减少;三者的变化均显著 (P<0. 01 ),而 10 7浓度的皮质酮对上述指标影响不大 (P>0.05)。此外,相关性分析表明: [Ca2+ ]i和CaMKII的表达呈现负相关(P<0. 05)。以上结果提示,皮质酮对大鼠海马神经元的作用存在浓度依赖效应,浓度越高,对大鼠海马神经元的损伤越大,同时也验证了皮质酮是啮齿类动物的主要的应激激素。

CA模型下的改进D*路径规划算法

为保证室内机器人以低成本在一条无碰有效的路径上移动,提出了基于CA模型的改进D*路径规划算法。结合元胞自动机理论,引入扩展Moore型邻居结构,降低机器人角度变化的最小增量,并为障碍物周围元胞设置碰撞系数,离障碍物越近的元胞被选中的概率越低。采用多个地图针对不同情况进行仿真实验。实验结果表明,在一般环境下,该算法与D*算法相比,转角数目减少36.36%,算法运行时间缩短31.25%,且规划出的路径与障碍物保持安全距离,同时避免了路径穿越障碍物,具有很高的可行性。

健康女性血清HE4和CA125水平及ROMA值的调查

目的评估健康女性血清HE4,CA125水平及ROMA值,建立相应的95%可信区间。方法利用电化学发光免疫测定法检测健康女性血清HE4和CA125的水平,计算HE4/CA125、ROMA值以及HE4、CA125、HE4/CA125和ROMA的95%可信区间,同时分析其在不同年龄组、不同绝经状态下的分布规律。结果健康女性血清HE4和CA125及HE4/CA125和RO-MA的95%可信区间分别为HE4≤82.62pmol/L,CA125≤30.91U/mL,HE4/CA125≤6.49,ROMA≤19.27。健康女性血清HE4水平在60岁以上年龄组高于其他年龄组;50岁以上的健康女性血清CA125水平明显低于50岁及以下的健康女性;而HE4/CA125在50岁以上的健康女性中明显高于50岁以下的;健康女性>50～60岁年龄段的ROMA值低于60岁以上年龄段,而明显高于50岁以下年龄段(P<0.05)。绝经后健康女性血清HE4水平以及HE4/CA125、ROMA值高于绝经前健康女性,而CA125的水平绝经后低于绝经前(P<0.05)。HE4/CA125与ROMA在绝经前健康女性组成正相关,而在绝经后组成负相关。结论本研究可为评估中国健康女性HE4、CA125、ROMA水平及建立相应的参考区间提供一个参考。

基于CAS系统的网络数据库安全模型

近年来内部管理人员泄露网络数据库信息事件频出,现有的网络数据库已无法满足当今网络环境安全性的需求,人们亟需一种更安全的新型网络数据库。分析网络数据库安全威胁,设计一种基于CAS系统的网络数据库安全模型。在此基础上设计一种Logistic-Henon混沌加密算法,并从复杂度、密钥空间、初值敏感性三个方面对该算法进行仿真实验分析。该系统一方面提高了CAS系统中票据使用和数据传输的安全性,另一方面避免内部人员直接接触敏感数据和密钥,进而提高了网络数据库安全性。

低温诱导及Ca^(2+)信号对胡萝卜悬浮培养细胞抗冻蛋白的合成及细胞抗冻能力的影响

选择胡萝卜这种较抗冻的植物作为实验材料,在 MS+2.4D_1液体培养基中加入 Ca^(2+)阻断剂进行悬浮培养。对胞外提取物进行 SDS-PAGE 分析的结果表明,加 LaCl_3与加入 EGTA 处理的细胞样品共同存在一条低量表达的36 kD 多肽。且两者细胞的抗冻能力均有所下降。通过 Western-blotting 证实了这条36 kD 的多肽是一种抗冻蛋白,研究表明该抗冻多肽在低温条件下的合成、诱导与钙信号紧密相关。

基于国密算法与移动CA的移动办公平台数据安全体系研究

随着互联网技术和智能移动终端的快速发展,互联网+移动应用迅速普及。结合国密算法和移动CA,对移动办公平台数据安全体系进行了研究,构建了基于国密算法与移动CA的移动办公平台数据安全体系,实现了安全便捷的数据加密传输、双向身份认证及数据关联身份,并应用到内蒙古烟草“蒙烟通”移动办公平台,充分保障了数据安全。

无线传感器网络中基于贝叶斯可变频的CSMA/CA算法研究

针对于在无线传感器网络中多个节点向Sink节点发送数据包造成的延时、丢包、碰撞检测、网络阻塞等问题,在802.15.4协议CSMA/CA算法的基础上提出了一种基于贝叶斯可变频的CSMA/CA算法(BVF-CSMA/CA)。该算法将贝叶斯估值得到的参数区间与CSMA/CA的碰撞检测机制相结合,使传感器节点发送的多数据包能正常与Sink节点实时通讯,采用这种算法减少了碰撞检测、节约了能耗、降低了网络通讯量、延长了网络的生命周期。本文通过使用NS2仿真工具模拟验证了该无线传感器网络的丢包率和能耗,实验结果表明,改进后的算法显著改善了这两个性能指标。

基于文化算法的KPCA特征提取方法

如何选择最优或接近最优的核函数使分类错误率降低,是KPCA(Kenel Principle Com-ponent Analysis)应用于特征提取的关键。本文在研究了文化算法(Cultural Algorithms,CA)相关文献的基础上,提出了一种训练核函数参数的文化算法流程,实现了KPCA和CA的集成,有效地提高了核函数的优化选择。仿真结果表明该方法具有较好的结果和更少的计算量。