Georgia and Cultural Globalization： Effect and Challenges

The aim of our research is to reveal the role of the west in respect of the development of the modern Georgian society in the era of globalization, in particular, analyzing penetration of global culture in Georgia as well as of its current influence. Culture, education, language, and values are those assets which attract people. These are main components of soft power. Great powers try to lay the groundwork for future friendships by using these tools. The USA, European states, Russia, and Turkey are those great powers influencing Georgia including its separatist regions Abkhazia and South Ossetia. In this thesis the author discusses issues of spreading global cultural products in Georgia and influencing local industries of music, cinema, TV as well as the Georgian language. In fact, globalization is turned into glocalization. The researcher emphasizes the fact that simultaneously with accepting global culture Georgia strives to promote its cultural product on international stage. This process is not on a large scale. It is more difficult to establish Georgia＇s culture on an international market, although there is progress in this direction. This two-way process is especially successful in touristic business. Increasing number of tourists is a precondition for growing publicity for Georgia in order to gain a bigger audience for Georgian culture on international stage. Russia being influential in Georgia＇s breakaway regions Abkhazia and South Ossetia, they are not immune to the impact of global culture. Global cultural products, like British and American popular TV series, are aired on independent TV channels and the youth listens to global music. Entering global or regional markets is a serious challenge for Georgia, however individual successful cases are stimulating for designing and implementing bigger projects. In general, these cultural processes cause strengthening of common interests and facilitate Georgia＇s gradual integration into the west.

SPECIAL ISSUE： GLOBALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY CHINESE CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION：Logic and trends in cultural globalization and the reconstruction of modern Chinese culture

Within cultural globalization there exist two distinct approaches, each with its built-in logic： the logic of a globalized culture promoted by one country and that of a globalized culture defined by many countries on the basis of consultations and exchanges on an equal footing. As a result of the present unequal world economic and political order, the former has become the keynote of the process of cultural globalization. Establishing a flee and equal globalized culture requires the guidance of socialist ideology to change the unjust global economic and political order. Globalized culture is neither homogeneous nor heterogeneous; it is a diversified unified whole or a unity within diversity.

Central and Peripheral Cultures and the Problem of Social Conflict in Vietnam

This article deals with relationship between cultural globalization and local cultures, seen mostly as conflict between centre and peripheries on the world scale and also as conflict among ethnicities in the societies. It also suggests some solutions to the problem of conflict on the global scale in general and in Vietnam in particular. In the era of globalization, there exists a risk of cultural imperialism rising as a cultural centre. Nevertheless, the cultural imperialism always bears the economic and political motives. This is the very cause which leads to politico-cultural conflict. Therefore, in essence, cultural hegemony is also the very economic hegemony and it serves the economy. Thus, in fact, social conflicts are often the contradictions, but these contradictions could lead to conflict only when they are pushed to political and economic interests level, and then they are the truly economic and political conflicts and not cultural ones. Therefore, in essence, there are not purely cultural conflicts, but culture is only the medium for politico-economic conflict. There may be various kinds of solutions for the problem of conflict： the economic solutions, the social solutions, the political solutions, and the cultural ones. Vietnarrv--as a multi-ethnic natiorv--is not a country without social conflict. To solve the problem of conflict is to solve the contradictions in economic interests and to overcome the lack of democracy. Therefore, the most important solutions for the problem of conflict are the cultural and political solutions. Especially, the article emphasizes the democracy and the rule of law as the critical points in solving the problem of social conflict.

Significance of Loanwords

The existence of loanwords,whose emergence has a profound connection with cultural globalization,is undoubtedly obliged to be valued.This phenomenon of linguistic integration can be appreciated everywhere in all major languages which are still widely spoken.However,this has led to the resistance of some nationalist linguists,who advocate the purity of their respective languages.Nevertheless,the purported“linguistic purity”is a false concept unquestionably.The lexical interflow is undoubtedly of irreplaceable significance,which can never be denied.Cultural diversity is absolutely the unchangeable mainstream.With this mindset,the world will be harmonious with a sense of freedom to bathe in light of tolerance and empathy.

The“going global”of Chinese Fantasy Fiction through the Internet:Using I Shall Seal the Heavens on Wuxiaworld.com as an Example

In the 21st century,Chinese online fantasy fiction is gaining popularity overseas.Lai Jingping,a Chinese-American widely known online as RWX,inspired by the popularity of his translation of a Chinese fantasy fiction,Coiling Dragon,established a website called Wuxiaworld.com to disseminate Chinese fantasy culture.Now it has become the largest website in the world to translate these kinds of works.This paper,in order to explore the advantages of Wuxiaworld.com,examines the translation landscape and its trends as presented on this website,and further analyzes the translation of fiction and interactive platforms using I Shall Seal the Heavens,one of the stories on the website,as an example.Our study,through text analysis and data collection,found that Wuxiaworld.com is good at hyperlink-aided translations,and has translation awareness based on the analysis of covers,synopses and glossaries;foreignization is the main translation strategy when it comes to the fantasy terms in I Shall Seal the Heavens,while annotation in text as well as hyperlinks in the forms of text,pictures and music are adopted for cultural compensation;interactive platforms,such as comments,forums and announcements,are conducive to improving translation quality and stimulating readers’enthusiasm for these translations and Chinese culture.

Empathy and Cognitive Schema:The Ways of Chinese Culture Going Global Reconsidered

In spite of its acknowledged achievements and contributions in recent years,it is still necessary to review the diplomacy of Chinese culture going global.Approached from the perspective of cognition and affection,the main reason leading to the low efficiency of Chinese official cross-cultural communication is that the collectivism implied in the governmental institutes is in conflict with the individualism schema in Western mainstream discourse,making it difficult to invoke empathy from Western audience.By contrast,some popular culture spread through the Internet is empathy-provoking only because it contains two schemata of nostalgia and individualism that have been embedded in many Western netizens’cognition.In other words,popular culture has little communicating power to transmit the essence of Chinese culture.Given the limitations of these two ways,China should at least make adjustments on four aspects to improve the effect of its culture going out:(1)integrate more mutually shared schemata into the selected Chinese culture;(2)modernize the cultural contents and transmission methods;(3)reduce the role of the government and insist on diversifying and individualizing communication subjects;(4)encourage the creation of fine culture.

Issues of Chinese Culture Going Global in the Era of Big Data and Wireless Internet

In the process of Chinese culture going global,the overseas communication effect of Chinese culture leaves much to desire. With the arrival of new media and big data,the translation and transmission of Chinese culture begin to embark on a new challenge. Based on big data and new media platform,this thesis mainly analyzes the material selection,transmission channels and inspirations from internet stars,for example,Li Ziqi,advocating reader analysis mechanism and diversified communication modes,so as to let foreigners understand and love Chinese culture through various channels,and promote Chinese culture going global.

The Impact of Globalization on the Political Culture of the Arab Youths

Globalization is economic in its origin,based on the removal of barriers and borders to allow the movement of trade and the free movement of goods and capital.Although economy and trade are intended for themselves in globalization,globalization is not limited to the West alone,but to the cultural and social life,including the Provisions of the behavioral patterns,schools of thought,psychological attitudes,and that shaping the identity of the peoples,nations and individuals.The paper sheds some light on the jurisprudential attempting efforts to show concept and significance of the phenomenon of globalization are varied and they did not report the basic right way yet.Some of those jurisprudences were limited to describe its phenomenon as a process of Americanization of the world,and any dissemination of American culture.We have traced some negative risks of globalization,and its effects on the Arab youth at all levels,but it does not justify the prevailing view of the Arab people and considering globalization as strategy of US imperialist,and that globalization is the Americanization of the world,and its goal is getting weak States and looting and impoverishment.Despite the capture of one of the central mechanisms of globalization,its opinion is misleading in terms of dealing with globalization.

Understanding Chinese Qigong in the context of Western culture

It tries to present various perspectives on the value that Qigong brings to the Western world,responding to medical,creative and spiritual needs,and proposes a cultural approach to its dissemination that can encompass all its facets.In the current growth of China's soft power and the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative,there is a clear opportunity for the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Qigong abroad that shall bear fruit in the near future,gradually shifting the role of China in the world stage:from a manufactured products supplier to a major influence in culture,lifestyle and thought.

Between the Foreground and the Background Lies the Middle Ground:Painting a Harmonious Early Childhood Curriculum Landscape

Highlights This commentary centers on one of the insightful articles in this Special Issue:"Curriculum Hybridization and Cultural Glocalization:A Scoping Review of International Research on Early Childhood Curriculum in China and Singapore,"authored by Yang and Li(2022).The commented article provides insights and directions regarding early childhood curriculum policy and practice in China and Singapore.Aligning with Yang and Li's(2022)findings,this commentary further paints a new threecomponent framework(the foreground,the background,and the middle ground)for understanding and harmonizing the global-local dissonance in the early childhood curriculum landscape.Leveraging both hindsight and foresight,this commentary also provides insights for policy and practice to advance a harmonious early childhood curriculum landscape in China and Singapore as well as in other societies confronted with similar predicaments.

The path,value and limits of the Confucius Institute in carrying out public diplomacy

On the basis of Chinese language teaching and cultural communication activities,the Confucius Institute carries out a variety of cultural exchange activities between China and the host country,which has become an effective way for China to carry out public diplomacy and participate in global cultural governance.By analysing the concepts of public diplomacy,cultural diplomacy,people-to-people exchange and cultural governance,this paper summarises three typical paths of Confucius Institutes in carrying out public diplomacy:‘from the government to foreign nationals’,‘from the government to Chinese citizens and then to foreign nationals’,and‘from the government to foreign nationals and then to foreign nationals’.The value of the Confucius Institute in carrying out public diplomacy is reflected on the level of national diplomacy,international exchange and global governance.Furthermore,the capability of the Confucius Institute as a language and cultural communication institution initiated by China and in cooperation with other countries in carrying out public diplomacy is limited.This limitation,on one hand,originates from the nature of the Confucius Institute as a language and cultural communication organisation,and on the other hand,is related to the difficulties and challenges that China faces in its participation in global governance.Public diplomacy and cultural diplomacy are based on national interests.They also transcend national interests and,furthermore,become a way for a country to actively participate in global cultural governance.The experience of and challenges faced by the Confucius Institute can have important implications for China in participating in global cultural governance.