Cultural Identities and Integration of the Hakkas in Buu Long （Bien Hoa, Vietnam） Through the Transformation of the Clan Worships

East Asia during 17th to early 20th century witnessed many mass migration flows of South Chinese into Southeast Asia and other parts of the world, including Vietnam. They are the Cantonese, Hokkiens, Hainanese, Chiuchow Hoklo Clan, and Hakkas. Over the course of long history and with the impact of the natural environment and historical-social backgrounds of each country in Southeast Asia, the South Chinese communities have settled and created their livings under different forms. This long process includes the obvious ＂fossilization＂ of immigrant culture and the interesting cultural transformation to achieve harmonious and sustainable development. The Hakkas in Buu Long （Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, and Vietnam） migrated from the Stone-Carfting Prefecture of Huiyang, Guangdong Province （South China） to live preferably in Buu Long granite mountain area to continue their traditional professions and maintain their migrant culture. They brought to Vietnam the cult of three Professional Masters： Gods of stone-crafting, carpenter, and Blacksmithing. However, under the strong impacts of French colonial policies and local social movement in the early 20th century, the Hakkas changed the form of the cult of three Professional Masters into the cult of Goddess Tian Hou in order to attain the full integration with the other Chinese communities and with the local Vietnamese, socially and economically. Throughout the cultural shift, both the continuity and the change have been proven as the inevitable way to balance two opposite poles： Cultural identities and social integration.

Cultural Identities of the Well-Educated Chinese Immigrant Children in the UK

Since the Reform and Opening-up in 1978, China has broadened and deepened its exchanges and relations with other countries. This has contributed to the increase in the migration of well-educated Chinese abroad and United Kingdom （UK） has become a most desirable destination for the elite Chinese immigrants. The impact of the migration of well-educated Chinese deserves particular attention and study, especially the second generation＇s cultural identities--this under-researched topic is the focus of this study. The study investigates the cultural identity differences between Chinese born children （CBC） and British born children （BBC） of the Chinese intellectual families living in Britain. Results indicated that both CBC and BBC had high pride in Chinese and British culture No significant evidence for cultural identity crises was found. The children investigated considered themselves as bi-culturalism and were content with ＂dual identities,＂ with the CBC a bit more Chinese, while the BBC a bit more British. Much smaller differences in views of cultural identity were reported.

Language-socialization-based Analysis of Putonghua Promotion’s Influences on Tujia Cultural Identity-A Case Study of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

Language functions as a carrier of culture,playing a crucial role in individual socialization into his cultural community,thus it is inextricably interconnected with individual cultural identity.Language acquisition and language ability development require necessary sociocultural interactions and practices.China boasts 55 ethnic minorities which have their own distinctive cultures and language varieties.But some of them are experiencing loss of languages and cultural identity.This paper is dedicated to examining the influences of Putonghua Promotion on Tujia cultural identity from the perspectives of Language Socialization.

Research on the Cultural Identity of International Students

With the deepening of educational internationalization in China,an increasing number of international students are choosing to pursue their studies in China.The training of international students should be based on the management mode of“convergence management.”Convergence management is a process involving multicultural exchange and interaction,and its essence lies in strengthening the cultural identity of international students.In this paper,the current status of international students’cultural identity is summarized,and several coping strategies are explored,with the goal of fostering outstanding international students possessing sound professional knowledge,global perspective,and Chinese feelings.

Auditory Narrative in Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon

This article primarily explores the centrality of sound and listening in Toni Morrison’s literary text.Drawing on theories on sound cultural studies,narratology,and cultural identity,this essay analyzes Morrison’s representation of sound and its significance on characterization,plot,and theme in Song of Solomon.Morrison’s literary sounds-voices of oral storytelling,the sound of music,and the protagonist Milkman Dead’s listening experiences are deeply rooted in African American sound culture.A close analysis of her sound writing in Song of Solomon helps to give the reader a glimpse of the soundscape of African American culture as well as the vital role listening plays in African American survival,endurance,and cultural identification.

“Chineseness”:A Discussion on Cases Related to Tulou in Contemporary Chinese Architecture

The article delves into the concept of“Chineseness”in contemporary Chinese architecture,a strategic tool for creating distinctive styles rooted in Chinese identity.It serves not only to distinguish projects from market-driven trends but also to establish a pivotal position in the global architectural landscape.“Chineseness”among 24 identified keywords represents a practical strategy embraced by many young architects with international exposure.The traditional Chinese dwelling,a symbol of familial and cultural essence,particularly in the context of home culture,is a primary inspiration for contemporary architects.The research adopts a case study approach,focusing on Tulou-related cases from the last fifteen years,encompassing various building types.The Tulou,a mountain-dwelling with rich cultural connotations,is introduced,reflecting ancient Chinese philosophies in its architectural principles.The case studies,including URBANUS’s“Tulou Collective Housing 2008”and Chengdu’s“Tulou Theater,”demonstrate how Tulou prototypes can be creatively adapted.These designs not only replicate forms but also capture the communal spirit inherent in traditional dwellings.“Stepped Courtyards”by OPEN Architecture reinterprets Tulou typology for a staff dormitory,emphasizing community awareness.In conclusion,the concept of“Chineseness”emerges as a prominent topic,showcasing the dynamic and adaptable nature of traditional Chinese culture and modern architectural expressions.The cases illustrate the evolving intersection between traditional Chinese culture and modern architecture,offering insights into the future trajectory of Chinese architectural culture.The interrelated keywords highlight the nuanced and evolving nature of“Chineseness”in architectural practices.

Cultural Identity and Representation in David Henry Hwang’s Yellow Face

David Henry Hwang,the first and the only Asian American playwright ever to win Tony Award for Best Play,is best known for M.Butterfly.In his plays,David Henry Hwang shows concern on race,gender politics and identity.Yellow Face,the latest play of Hwang,is a mockumentary drama which deals with cultural identity of Asian-Americans,and few researches and studies has been done on this play in China so far.This essay attempts to analyze the racial representations manifested in this play in order to explore its theme of the fluidity of cultural identity.

A 3-D morphological approach on spatial form and cultural identity of ethnic mountain settlements:Case from Guizhou,China

Ethnic mountain settlements are living heritage of varied vernacular cultures.The preservation of both the built form and the intangible socio-cultural associations with them are global concern in process of urbanization,and in the notion of sustainable development.However,there is a lack of multi-dimensional and cross-cultural quantitative research in settlement morphology,making it difficult to guide practice effectively.Therefore,this study focuses on exploring an automatic or semi-automatic quantification and classification method for the morphological identity of ethnic mountain settlements.We introduce and combine 3-D morphological indicators with existing 2-D indicators to build and test three different sets of indication systems for semi-automatic classification for the settlements’ethnic attribute basing on spatial morphology.Taking the Miao,Dong,and Tunpu(Han)ethnic settlements in Guizhou province,southwest China as research samples,we applied factor analysis and hierarchical clustering methods to compare the classification accuracy under the three systems using data from topographic map,field investigation map,satellite imageries,and ethnography or local chronicle.The results showed that,the 3-D indication system has succeeded in semi-automatic quantification and classification of settlement morphology and ethnic identity by greatly increasing the classification accuracy to 96.30%,which is a huge improvement compared with the basic 2-D indication system(42.59%)and the advanced 2-D indication system(61.11%).The settlement samples are further divided into two sub-types with significant morphological differences in each major ethnic category under the 3-D indication system.We then discussed the potential improvement and future large-scale application of this method with the help of machine learning and other smart techniques.We hope to provide a comprehensive quantitative perspective and a more scientific reference for the future preservation and sustainable development of the massive and diverse vernacular heritages across the world.

Being Chinese in Lived Intercultural Experiences:A Discourse Analysis of Chinese Undergraduates’Perceptions of Chinese Culture

The current study investigates a group of Chinese undergraduates’perceptions of Chinese culture.It examines the discourses that the students drew on to assign meaning to Chinese culture and how the students used these discourses in constructing their Chinese cultural identity.A qualitative study was conducted collecting written self-reflective reports on critical intercultural incidents from 39 Chinese undergraduates at a university in Beijing.Questions designed to evoke reports from the students had them describe incidents in their past intercultural experiences that made them acutely aware of themselves“being Chinese”and specify aspects of Chinese culture that they felt such awareness could be attributed to.A discourse analysis reveals the multiplicity and contextuality of the students’notions of Chinese culture.The findings raise important considerations for contemporary Chinese undergraduates’cultural identity and their much debated“identity crisis.”

Variation, Conflict and Integration--A Study of the Movie The Guasha Treatment from the Perspective of Cultural Identity

The movie The Guasha Treatment tells a story about the cultural conflict an immigrant family encounters in America caused by Guasha,a traditional Chinese medical treatment.The essay studies the movie from the perspective of cultural identity,elaborates the cultural conflicts,and suggests that different cultural identities can be coordinated in efforts of people of different cultures.

Research Status and Reflection on Chinese Cultural Identity

Chinese cultural identity has great significance in maintaining the unity of Chinese nation and promo-ting the development of Chinese culture.This paper explains the definition and development of Chinese cultural iden-tity.Research targets include Chinese cultural identity of collge students and Chinese cultural identity of Chinese eth-nic minorities.This paper also carries out a comparative research from an international perspective.Enhancing Chinese cultural identity not only has an important efect on the prosperity and development of Chinese culture,but also has far-reaching impact on the Chinese national identity.

The Construction of Irish Cultural Identity in Yeats’s Poetry

W.B.Yeats(1865-1939),Noble Prize winner for literature in 1923,is an influential Irish poet,playwright and critic.This paper will discuss that Yeats is devoted to seek and construct Irish cultural identity in his poetry because of the Irish cultural and identity crisis as well as his own identity anxiety.Yeats endeavours to establish a distinctly Irish cultural identity through reviving Irish traditional folklore,myths and legends,hybridising English language,and absorbing oriental culture in his poetry.

A Glimpse of Hong Kong ＂Chineseness＂： Pre-existing Tunes as the Redemption of a Cultural Identity

When the umbrellas were held up against the tear gas attack in the protest on September 28, 2014, the hot issue raised by the marathon-like Yellow Umbrella Movement was not only the matter of politics but also a coincidence created for the Hong Kong locals to face, or to be faced with an already moot cliche： How the Hongkongese can redef＇me and redeem their almost lost socio-cultural identity, particularly under the increasingly hegemonic influences and the socio-cultural invasion of the mainland after the 1997 Handover. My present paper is not intended to discuss the topic of identity on the platform of politics, or the postcolonial studies such as transculturation or cultural hybridty. But instead, I am far more interested in locating such issue on the aesthetic dimension of collective memory, which is revealed in two local contemporary Hong Kong compositions. In the process of shaping and reshaping a form of＂HongKongeseness＂ in which the composers tend to create and the local listeners tend to experience, albeit transient, can appear in every nuance of the sonic metaphor embedded in the pre-existing indigenous tunes of a self-contained compositional work.

A Study on the Differentiation Phenomenon of Cultural Identity and Social Role of Chinese Qin Musicians in Modern Social Context

With the social change,the role behavior of Qin culture’s producers and inheritors have changed from traditional to modern,among which the significant symbol is the differentiation of cultural identity and social role.Starting with the historical perspective,social-cultural perspective,etc.,and analyzing the role differentiation phenomenon of Qin musicians,this thesis considers that the changes in the role of the Qin musician are influenced by various external strong discourses in different periods.How to maintain the cultural creation and role responsibility of the Qin musicians’self-consciousness under the interaction of various external forces becomes the key to the successful protection and inheritance of the Qin cultural heritage.

A Study on the Relationship Between Cultural Identity,Place Attachment,and Tourist Loyalty

Tourist loyalty is an important factor that affects tourist destinations’competitiveness and has a great practical meaning for the sustainable development of tourist destinations.Based on the theory of cognition-emotion-intention,this study takes Mount Wutai,a World Cultural Heritage in China as an empirical case,to conduct an empirical study on the relationship between cultural identity,place attachment,and tourist loyalty,using a structural equation model.The results show that:First,tourist cultural identity can form an extension of behavior and has a positive direct effect on tourist loyalty.Besides,spiritual culture identity is more likely to exert a significant positive effect on tourist loyalty.Second,cultural identity has a partial impact on place attachment,and spiritual cultural identity has a positive effect on place attachment.Material cultural identity is only a direct positive drive to place identity.Third,place attachment partially mediates the relationship between cultural identity and revisit intention.Besides,place identity has a partial mediating effect between cultural identity and recommendation intention.This paper expands the research on the influence mechanism of tourist loyalty,verifies the direct driving effect of cultural identity on tourist revisit intention and recommendation intention,and puts forward relevant suggestions for managing cultural tourism destinations.

Posture and Strategy: Rethinking the Writing of Cultural Identity in Francophone Caribbean Literature from a Post-colonial Perspective

Since the 1980s,profound changes in the global political landscape have led to numerous diaspora groups in the French-speaking world.Many writers born in former colonies in the French Caribbean chose to immigrate to metropolitan France or Quebec.They formulated the concept of a cosmopolitan cultural identity that differs from the racist view of Négritude put forward by previous generations.This research explores their writing of cosmopolitan cultural identity from a post-colonial perspective by referring to the concept of voyage in proposed by Edward Said and that of post-colonial intelligentsia by Arif Dirlik.By taking Dany Laferrière and some other Caribbean writers of the-1980s generation as examples,we will reveal how their cosmopolitan ideology and identity strategies colluded with the French cultural hegemony and ensured their legitimacy in the Francophone space.

From Home Food to Macanese Cuisine？ Historical Development, Tourist Branding and Cultural Identity

Food, cooking, and food-making places play a primordial role in the formation of cultural identity and community building. Using the example of Macanese food in Macao Special Administrative Region, this article discusses the transformation of Macanese food from everyday home food to the current status of cuisine in present-day Macanese society through the analysis of the perception of consumers and producers of Macanese food. The findings demonstrate the friction between Macanese food crafted by Macanese as part of an emergent ＂authentic＂ marker of Macanese identity and the commercial branding of Macanese food for tourist purposes.

An Inside and Outside Look Into Cultural Identity Construction of the FLTRP Cup English Public Speaking Contest--A Two Decade Review

As the admittedly top-level English competition in China,the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press(FLTRP)English Speech Contest has celebrated its 20-year anniversary.The competition not only provides a platform for the contestants to showcase their talent but also serves as a think tank for teachers to gain insight and inspiration as to the latest teaching methods and national educational policies.This essay finds evidence,by examining the given topics for prepared speech,to prove that increasing attention is being shifted from language skills acquisition to intercultural competence and cultural identity construction of the students.In light of the ever-globalized world,the issue is further complicated by the emergence and wide use of new media which accents the influence of individuals in public diplomacy.

Impact of Cultural Identity on English learning for Chinese EFL Learners

Based on the literature view of some published articles that report on the impact of cultural identity on English learning for Chinese EFL learners, this paper examines the relationship between cultural identity and language learning. Through the review of earlier researchers, this study points out cultural identity not only influences L1 language learning but also L2 language learning.Although many studies showed that the home cultural identity of the EFL or ESL learners has a negative impact on their English learning, there are also researchers stressing its positive impact on those learners. Finally, the paper makes two instructional suggestions to improve Chinese English competence of EFL learners.

Navigating Temporal and Spatial Dimensions:Unveiling the Fictional Essence and Authenticity in the Narrative of The Rise and Fall of Wing Shing Street

The novel The Rise and Fall of Wing Shing Street delves into the reality of Hong Kong residents deeply attuned to spatial awareness but detached from temporal significance,entangling emotions surrounding time and space.Through narrative interruption and extension,the author portrays the genuine struggles of Hong Kong inhabitants-juxtaposing the blurred boundaries of time and space and the inherent rootlessness of reality within a fictionalized framework.Emphasizing the 20th-century human condition,wherein spatial awareness overshadows temporal understanding,the novel underscores the consequences:a loss of history and cultural identity.With a fresh perspective,the narrative explores the interplay of time and space,accentuating both the fictitious and authentic dimensions.This prompts readers to reconsider their history,culture,and the current moment,ultimately highlighting the pivotal role of temporal awareness.