Many traditional ethnic cultural items are being endangered in China.Using the Dongba dance culture of the Naxi people as a case study,this paper seeks to analyze and interpret the endangerment of culture from an educ...Many traditional ethnic cultural items are being endangered in China.Using the Dongba dance culture of the Naxi people as a case study,this paper seeks to analyze and interpret the endangerment of culture from an educational perspective,based on an analysis of the interaction between the cultural transmission mechanism of Dongba dance and the formal schooling of the Naxi people in Lijiang,China.By describing and comparing the traditional and current forms of Dongba dance transmission,the paper shows how the institution of formal education competes with older modes of cultural transmission,resulting in the endangerment of Dongba dance as a living cultural relic.So,in order to truly realize and improve the function of education in transmitting cultural heritage and to guarantee educational equity,we should prioritize sophisticated ethnic minority cultural items in the assessment and selection phases of education,grant them institutional cultural capital,and put greater effort into developing an appropriate school-based curriculum so that ethnic minority culture may be transmitted and inherited via formal schooling.展开更多
Such an extremely difficult issue as cultural diversity is confronted by the existence and evolution of enterprises with the rapid development of global economy of the present. If the establishment is to boost competi...Such an extremely difficult issue as cultural diversity is confronted by the existence and evolution of enterprises with the rapid development of global economy of the present. If the establishment is to boost competitiveness, it must have a quite good knowledge of target market so as to formulate some efficient strategies of broadcasting in its management, and the best way to resolve such problem is to eliminate cultural barriers with the adoption of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements. This thesis shall research cultural diversities between eastern nations and western ones, and explore the effect the diversities have upon cross-cultural transmission, thus to propose an approach of eliminating cultural isolation with the adoption of effective techniques and manners of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements.展开更多
Starting from the nature of cross-cultural communication, the author of this paper tentatively explores various cultural phenomena： cultural transmission, cultural diffusion, cultural blank, cultural shock and commun...Starting from the nature of cross-cultural communication, the author of this paper tentatively explores various cultural phenomena： cultural transmission, cultural diffusion, cultural blank, cultural shock and communication breakdown, etc. This paper points out that the success of cross-cultural communication depends on the competence of cross-cultural communication and gives some suggestions concerning the goals of foreign culture acquisition and the ways of culture training.展开更多
A predominant benefit of social living is the ability to share knowledge that cannot be gained through the information an individual accumulates based on its personal experience alone. Traditional computational models...A predominant benefit of social living is the ability to share knowledge that cannot be gained through the information an individual accumulates based on its personal experience alone. Traditional computational models have portrayed sharing knowledge through interactions among members of social groups via dyadic networks. Such models aim at understanding the percolation of information among individuals and groups to identify potential limitations to successful knowledge transfer. How- ever, because many real-world interactions are not solely pairwise, i.e., several group members may obtain information from one another simultaneously, it is necessary to understand more than dyadic communication and learning processes to capture their full complexity. We detail a modeling framework based on the simplicial set, a concept from algebraic topology, which allows elegant encapsulation of multi-agent interactions. Such a model system allows us to analyze how individual information within groups accumulates as the group＇s collective set of knowledge, which may be different than the simple union of individually contained information. Furthermore, the simplicial modeling approach we propose allows us to investigate how information accumulates via sub-group interactions, offering insight into complex aspects of multi-way communication systems. The fundamental change in modeling strategy we offer here allows us to move from portraying knowledge as a ＂token＂, passed from signaler to receiver, to portraying knowledge as a set of accumulating building blocks from which novel ideas can emerge. We provide an explanation of relevant mathematical concepts in a way that promotes accessibility to a general audience [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 114--127, 2015].展开更多
Behavioral ＂traditions＂, i.e. behavioral patterns that are acquired with the aid of social learning and that are relatively stable in a group, have been observed in several species. Recently, however, it has been qu...Behavioral ＂traditions＂, i.e. behavioral patterns that are acquired with the aid of social learning and that are relatively stable in a group, have been observed in several species. Recently, however, it has been questioned whether non-human social learning is faithful enough to stabilize those patterns. The observed stability could be interpreted as a result of various constraints that limit the number of possible alternative behaviors, rather than of the fidelity of transmission mechanisms. Those constraints can be roughly described as ＂internal＂, such as mechanical （bodily） properties or cognitive limitations and predispositions, and ＂ex- ternal＂, such as ecological availability or pressures. Here we present an evolutionary individual-based model that explores the re- lationships between the evolution of faithful social learning and behavioral constraints, represented both by the size of the beha- vioral repertoire and by the ＂shape＂ of the search space of a given task. We show that the evolution of high-fidelity transmission mechanisms, when associated with costs （e.g. cognitive, biomechanical, energetic, etc.）, is only likely if the potential behavioral repertoire of a species is large and if the search space does not provide information that can be exploited by individual learning. Moreover we show how stable behavioral patterns （＂traditions＂） can be achieved at the population level as an outcome of both high-fidelity and low-fidelity transmission mechanisms, given that the latter are coupled with a small behavioral repertoire or with a search space that provide substantial feedback. Finally, by introducing the possibility of environmental change, we show that intermediate rates of change favor the evolution of faithful social learning展开更多
文摘Many traditional ethnic cultural items are being endangered in China.Using the Dongba dance culture of the Naxi people as a case study,this paper seeks to analyze and interpret the endangerment of culture from an educational perspective,based on an analysis of the interaction between the cultural transmission mechanism of Dongba dance and the formal schooling of the Naxi people in Lijiang,China.By describing and comparing the traditional and current forms of Dongba dance transmission,the paper shows how the institution of formal education competes with older modes of cultural transmission,resulting in the endangerment of Dongba dance as a living cultural relic.So,in order to truly realize and improve the function of education in transmitting cultural heritage and to guarantee educational equity,we should prioritize sophisticated ethnic minority cultural items in the assessment and selection phases of education,grant them institutional cultural capital,and put greater effort into developing an appropriate school-based curriculum so that ethnic minority culture may be transmitted and inherited via formal schooling.
文摘Such an extremely difficult issue as cultural diversity is confronted by the existence and evolution of enterprises with the rapid development of global economy of the present. If the establishment is to boost competitiveness, it must have a quite good knowledge of target market so as to formulate some efficient strategies of broadcasting in its management, and the best way to resolve such problem is to eliminate cultural barriers with the adoption of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements. This thesis shall research cultural diversities between eastern nations and western ones, and explore the effect the diversities have upon cross-cultural transmission, thus to propose an approach of eliminating cultural isolation with the adoption of effective techniques and manners of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements.
文摘Starting from the nature of cross-cultural communication, the author of this paper tentatively explores various cultural phenomena： cultural transmission, cultural diffusion, cultural blank, cultural shock and communication breakdown, etc. This paper points out that the success of cross-cultural communication depends on the competence of cross-cultural communication and gives some suggestions concerning the goals of foreign culture acquisition and the ways of culture training.
文摘A predominant benefit of social living is the ability to share knowledge that cannot be gained through the information an individual accumulates based on its personal experience alone. Traditional computational models have portrayed sharing knowledge through interactions among members of social groups via dyadic networks. Such models aim at understanding the percolation of information among individuals and groups to identify potential limitations to successful knowledge transfer. How- ever, because many real-world interactions are not solely pairwise, i.e., several group members may obtain information from one another simultaneously, it is necessary to understand more than dyadic communication and learning processes to capture their full complexity. We detail a modeling framework based on the simplicial set, a concept from algebraic topology, which allows elegant encapsulation of multi-agent interactions. Such a model system allows us to analyze how individual information within groups accumulates as the group＇s collective set of knowledge, which may be different than the simple union of individually contained information. Furthermore, the simplicial modeling approach we propose allows us to investigate how information accumulates via sub-group interactions, offering insight into complex aspects of multi-way communication systems. The fundamental change in modeling strategy we offer here allows us to move from portraying knowledge as a ＂token＂, passed from signaler to receiver, to portraying knowledge as a set of accumulating building blocks from which novel ideas can emerge. We provide an explanation of relevant mathematical concepts in a way that promotes accessibility to a general audience [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 114--127, 2015].
文摘Behavioral ＂traditions＂, i.e. behavioral patterns that are acquired with the aid of social learning and that are relatively stable in a group, have been observed in several species. Recently, however, it has been questioned whether non-human social learning is faithful enough to stabilize those patterns. The observed stability could be interpreted as a result of various constraints that limit the number of possible alternative behaviors, rather than of the fidelity of transmission mechanisms. Those constraints can be roughly described as ＂internal＂, such as mechanical （bodily） properties or cognitive limitations and predispositions, and ＂ex- ternal＂, such as ecological availability or pressures. Here we present an evolutionary individual-based model that explores the re- lationships between the evolution of faithful social learning and behavioral constraints, represented both by the size of the beha- vioral repertoire and by the ＂shape＂ of the search space of a given task. We show that the evolution of high-fidelity transmission mechanisms, when associated with costs （e.g. cognitive, biomechanical, energetic, etc.）, is only likely if the potential behavioral repertoire of a species is large and if the search space does not provide information that can be exploited by individual learning. Moreover we show how stable behavioral patterns （＂traditions＂） can be achieved at the population level as an outcome of both high-fidelity and low-fidelity transmission mechanisms, given that the latter are coupled with a small behavioral repertoire or with a search space that provide substantial feedback. Finally, by introducing the possibility of environmental change, we show that intermediate rates of change favor the evolution of faithful social learning
