This experiment was conducted to determine whether the performance of broilers fed diets based on corn and soybean meal could be enhanced with enzymes or probiotics. A total of 120 male broilers, three days of age, we...This experiment was conducted to determine whether the performance of broilers fed diets based on corn and soybean meal could be enhanced with enzymes or probiotics. A total of 120 male broilers, three days of age, were assigned to one of four treatments in a completely randomized design, and housed in groups of five with six cages per treatment. The control diet was based on corn and soybean meal while the three experimental diets consisted of the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% of enzyme I, enzyme II, or probiotic. Enzyme I provided α-galactosidase and fl-mannanase, while enzyme II provided protease, amylase, α-galactosidase, xylanase, and cellulase. The probiotic was composed of Bacillus coagulance, Bacillus lichenformis , Bacillus subtilis , and Clostridium butyricum. Over the 28 day experiment, the weight gain of birds fed the probiotic treatment was superior （P = 0.03 ） to the control, while gains for the enzyme treatments were intermediate to those of the control and probiotic. Feed intake and feed conversion did not differ among treatments （P 〉 0.05 ）. Ammonia production was significantly （ P 〈 0.01 ） higher in the control compared with either of the enzyme or probiotic treatments. Compared with the control, supplementation with enzyme H significantly reduced the digestibility of arginine, isoleucine, and lysine （P 〈 0.05 ）. In contrast, the digestibility of energy was higher （P 〈 0.01 ） for birds supplemented with enzyme II than the control. Digestibility coeffi- cients did not differ for any other parameter with the exception of energy which was significantly higher for birds fed the probiotic treatment than the control （P 〈 0.01 ）. In summary, the performance of broilers was significantly enhanced by the addition of a probiotic to the diet. However, under the conditions of this experi- ment, supplementation with a multi-enzyme complex containing either α-galactosidase and fl-mannanase or the combination of protease, amylase, galactosidase, xylanase, and cellulase failed to improve broiler performance.展开更多
Objective:To explore Yan Zhenghua’s drug selection rule for treating digestive system diseases using data mining.Methods:The 609 medical records of digestive system diseases treated by Yan Zhenghua were collected and...Objective:To explore Yan Zhenghua’s drug selection rule for treating digestive system diseases using data mining.Methods:The 609 medical records of digestive system diseases treated by Yan Zhenghua were collected and the herbs in these recipes were examined using a data mining technique.The correlativity between herb pairs and association rules was studied using an Apriori algorithm and the correlativity among multi-herbs was studied using a complex system entropy cluster technique.Results:Yan Zhenghua’s treatment of digestive system diseases featured 15 herbs prescribed at least 159 times each,22 herb pairs prescribed at least 155 times each,and eight frequently used herb core combinations.A confidence greater than 0.91 and a support level greater than 20%were achieved using the modified mutual information method.Conclusion:The data mining results conformed to findings from clinical practice.The data mining method is a valuable technique with which to study the experience of famous,elderly traditional Chinese medicine physicians.展开更多
文摘This experiment was conducted to determine whether the performance of broilers fed diets based on corn and soybean meal could be enhanced with enzymes or probiotics. A total of 120 male broilers, three days of age, were assigned to one of four treatments in a completely randomized design, and housed in groups of five with six cages per treatment. The control diet was based on corn and soybean meal while the three experimental diets consisted of the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% of enzyme I, enzyme II, or probiotic. Enzyme I provided α-galactosidase and fl-mannanase, while enzyme II provided protease, amylase, α-galactosidase, xylanase, and cellulase. The probiotic was composed of Bacillus coagulance, Bacillus lichenformis , Bacillus subtilis , and Clostridium butyricum. Over the 28 day experiment, the weight gain of birds fed the probiotic treatment was superior （P = 0.03 ） to the control, while gains for the enzyme treatments were intermediate to those of the control and probiotic. Feed intake and feed conversion did not differ among treatments （P 〉 0.05 ）. Ammonia production was significantly （ P 〈 0.01 ） higher in the control compared with either of the enzyme or probiotic treatments. Compared with the control, supplementation with enzyme H significantly reduced the digestibility of arginine, isoleucine, and lysine （P 〈 0.05 ）. In contrast, the digestibility of energy was higher （P 〈 0.01 ） for birds supplemented with enzyme II than the control. Digestibility coeffi- cients did not differ for any other parameter with the exception of energy which was significantly higher for birds fed the probiotic treatment than the control （P 〈 0.01 ）. In summary, the performance of broilers was significantly enhanced by the addition of a probiotic to the diet. However, under the conditions of this experi- ment, supplementation with a multi-enzyme complex containing either α-galactosidase and fl-mannanase or the combination of protease, amylase, galactosidase, xylanase, and cellulase failed to improve broiler performance.
基金the National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2007BAI10B01)the Science and Technology Development Project of TCM of Beijing(No.JJ-2010-70)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Innovation Team Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.2011-CXTD-14)the open project of key disciplines of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.2013-ZDXKKF-19).
文摘Objective:To explore Yan Zhenghua’s drug selection rule for treating digestive system diseases using data mining.Methods:The 609 medical records of digestive system diseases treated by Yan Zhenghua were collected and the herbs in these recipes were examined using a data mining technique.The correlativity between herb pairs and association rules was studied using an Apriori algorithm and the correlativity among multi-herbs was studied using a complex system entropy cluster technique.Results:Yan Zhenghua’s treatment of digestive system diseases featured 15 herbs prescribed at least 159 times each,22 herb pairs prescribed at least 155 times each,and eight frequently used herb core combinations.A confidence greater than 0.91 and a support level greater than 20%were achieved using the modified mutual information method.Conclusion:The data mining results conformed to findings from clinical practice.The data mining method is a valuable technique with which to study the experience of famous,elderly traditional Chinese medicine physicians.
