· AIM: To explore the immunomodulatory effects of curdlan on innate immune responses against Aspergillus fumigatus(A. fumigatus) in cultured human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs), and whether C-type lectin recept...· AIM: To explore the immunomodulatory effects of curdlan on innate immune responses against Aspergillus fumigatus(A. fumigatus) in cultured human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs), and whether C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1 mediates the immunomodulatory effects of curdlan.·METHODS: The HCECs were stimulated by curdlan in different concentrations(50, 100, 200, 400 μg/m L) for various time. Then HCECs pretreated with or without laminarin(Dectin-1 blocker, 0.3 mg/m L) and curdlan were stimulated by A. fumigatus hyphae. The m RNA and protein production of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The protein level of Dectin-1 was measured by Western blot.· RESULTS: Curdlan stimulated m RNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose and time dependent manner in HCECs. Curdlan pretreatment before A. fumigatus hyphae stimulation significantly enhanced the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 at m RNA and protein levels compared with A. fumigatus hyphae stimulation group(P 【0.05).Both curdlan and A. fumigatus hyphae up-regulated Dectin-1 protein expression in HCECs, and Dectin-1expression was elevated to 1.5- to 2-fold by curdlan pretreatment followed hyphae stimulation. The Dectin-1blocker laminarin suppressed the m RNA expression and protein production of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by curdlan and hyphae(P 【0.05).· CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated that curdlan pretreatment enhanced the inflammatory response induced by A. fumigatus hyphae in HCECs.Dectin-1 is essential for the immunomodulatory effectsof curdlan. Curdlan may have high clinical application values in fungal keratitis treatment.展开更多
为解决卤牛肉在实际生产过程中肉汁损失、口感下滑等劣变问题,研究不同添加量(0%、1.0%、2.0%、3.0%)的可得然胶对卤牛肉品质特性的影响。低场核磁(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)分析表明,可得然胶使卤牛肉中不易流动...为解决卤牛肉在实际生产过程中肉汁损失、口感下滑等劣变问题,研究不同添加量(0%、1.0%、2.0%、3.0%)的可得然胶对卤牛肉品质特性的影响。低场核磁(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)分析表明,可得然胶使卤牛肉中不易流动水含量显著提高(P<0.05),自由水含量降低,使得蒸煮得率显著提高(P<0.05),当添加量为3.0%时,蒸煮得率增加33.43%。质构分析显示,可得然胶明显降低卤牛肉的硬度、咀嚼性及剪切力,当添加量达到2.0%时,剪切力降低29.31%。可得然胶添加量从0%增加到2.0%时,卤牛肉切面逐渐顺滑、呈色均匀且具有诱人光泽,切面亮度值提高12.69%,总体可接受性评分最高。但当添加量继续增加至3.0%时,卤牛肉切面呈现出大片的类似胶状的成分,感官品质降低。此外,可得然胶添加可有效抑制冷藏过程中卤牛肉的脂肪氧化,且2.0%添加量时效果最佳。展开更多
为改善κ-卡拉胶在脂肪替代物制备中存在的脆性大、力学性能差和高温易分解等问题,以κ-卡拉胶和可得然胶为原料制备复合凝胶脂肪替代物(compound gel fat substitutes,CGFS),筛选出κ-卡拉胶和可得然胶最佳质量比为3∶7,考察多糖浓度...为改善κ-卡拉胶在脂肪替代物制备中存在的脆性大、力学性能差和高温易分解等问题,以κ-卡拉胶和可得然胶为原料制备复合凝胶脂肪替代物(compound gel fat substitutes,CGFS),筛选出κ-卡拉胶和可得然胶最佳质量比为3∶7,考察多糖浓度、热处理时间、热处理温度和初始pH值对κ-卡拉胶与可得然胶CGFS质构和持水能力的影响。在此基础上,以硬度为响应值优化κ-卡拉胶与可得然胶CGFS的制备工艺。结果表明:κ-卡拉胶与可得然胶CGFS的最佳制备工艺为多糖浓度3.4%、初始pH6.3、热处理时间13 min,在此条件下CGFS硬度值为(2127.432±0.480)g。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81170825No.81470609)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2013HQ007No.ZR2012HZ001)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,2012(No.20123706110003)
文摘· AIM: To explore the immunomodulatory effects of curdlan on innate immune responses against Aspergillus fumigatus(A. fumigatus) in cultured human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs), and whether C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1 mediates the immunomodulatory effects of curdlan.·METHODS: The HCECs were stimulated by curdlan in different concentrations(50, 100, 200, 400 μg/m L) for various time. Then HCECs pretreated with or without laminarin(Dectin-1 blocker, 0.3 mg/m L) and curdlan were stimulated by A. fumigatus hyphae. The m RNA and protein production of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The protein level of Dectin-1 was measured by Western blot.· RESULTS: Curdlan stimulated m RNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose and time dependent manner in HCECs. Curdlan pretreatment before A. fumigatus hyphae stimulation significantly enhanced the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 at m RNA and protein levels compared with A. fumigatus hyphae stimulation group(P 【0.05).Both curdlan and A. fumigatus hyphae up-regulated Dectin-1 protein expression in HCECs, and Dectin-1expression was elevated to 1.5- to 2-fold by curdlan pretreatment followed hyphae stimulation. The Dectin-1blocker laminarin suppressed the m RNA expression and protein production of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by curdlan and hyphae(P 【0.05).· CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated that curdlan pretreatment enhanced the inflammatory response induced by A. fumigatus hyphae in HCECs.Dectin-1 is essential for the immunomodulatory effectsof curdlan. Curdlan may have high clinical application values in fungal keratitis treatment.
文摘为解决卤牛肉在实际生产过程中肉汁损失、口感下滑等劣变问题,研究不同添加量(0%、1.0%、2.0%、3.0%)的可得然胶对卤牛肉品质特性的影响。低场核磁(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)分析表明,可得然胶使卤牛肉中不易流动水含量显著提高(P<0.05),自由水含量降低,使得蒸煮得率显著提高(P<0.05),当添加量为3.0%时,蒸煮得率增加33.43%。质构分析显示,可得然胶明显降低卤牛肉的硬度、咀嚼性及剪切力,当添加量达到2.0%时,剪切力降低29.31%。可得然胶添加量从0%增加到2.0%时,卤牛肉切面逐渐顺滑、呈色均匀且具有诱人光泽,切面亮度值提高12.69%,总体可接受性评分最高。但当添加量继续增加至3.0%时,卤牛肉切面呈现出大片的类似胶状的成分,感官品质降低。此外,可得然胶添加可有效抑制冷藏过程中卤牛肉的脂肪氧化,且2.0%添加量时效果最佳。
文摘为改善κ-卡拉胶在脂肪替代物制备中存在的脆性大、力学性能差和高温易分解等问题,以κ-卡拉胶和可得然胶为原料制备复合凝胶脂肪替代物(compound gel fat substitutes,CGFS),筛选出κ-卡拉胶和可得然胶最佳质量比为3∶7,考察多糖浓度、热处理时间、热处理温度和初始pH值对κ-卡拉胶与可得然胶CGFS质构和持水能力的影响。在此基础上,以硬度为响应值优化κ-卡拉胶与可得然胶CGFS的制备工艺。结果表明:κ-卡拉胶与可得然胶CGFS的最佳制备工艺为多糖浓度3.4%、初始pH6.3、热处理时间13 min,在此条件下CGFS硬度值为(2127.432±0.480)g。