Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cra...Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our planet.There are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in soils.For this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial soils.The effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are analyzed.Digital photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during drying.It is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling scenario.It is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil curling.Samples of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.展开更多
BACKGROUND While sunburns are very common,especially in pediatrics,curling ulcers secondary to sunburns are a very rare entity that has not been noted in the literature in over fifty years.This case is the first addit...BACKGROUND While sunburns are very common,especially in pediatrics,curling ulcers secondary to sunburns are a very rare entity that has not been noted in the literature in over fifty years.This case is the first addition to the literature since the originally documented case.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 17 year old male presents to the emergency room with lethargy,shortness of breath on exertion,dark stools and nausea.His fatigue started to become significantly worse four days prior to admission.Approximately two weeks prior to admission,the patient was on a beach vacation with his family at which time he suffered severe sunburns.He had developed crampy epigastric abdominal pain,which was followed by dark,loose stools.On exam,he is non-toxic appearing,but with pallor and peeling skin on his face and chest with epigastric tenderness.Infectious stool studies were all negative including Helicobacter pylori.He denies use of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and also denies alcohol or recreational drug use.While admitted he is found to be significantly anemic with his hemoglobin as low as 6.3 requiring two units of packed red blood cells.Endoscopy revealed several severe and deep ulcerations in the antrum and body of the stomach indicative of stress or curling ulcers.CONCLUSION While the incidence of stress ulcers is not known,it is most common with severe acute illness,most commonly presenting as upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding.It is essential to be aware of the risk of curling ulcers secondary to severe sunburns as patients with stress ulcer GI bleeding have increased morbidity and mortality compared to those who do not have GI bleed.展开更多
The effect of the deformation condition on the axial compressive precision forming process of tube with curling die was investigated by using a rigid-plastic FEM. The results show that the forming accuracy depends mai...The effect of the deformation condition on the axial compressive precision forming process of tube with curling die was investigated by using a rigid-plastic FEM. The results show that the forming accuracy depends mainly on geometric condition rp/d0, little on tube material properties and friction condition; the relative gap △/2rp of double-walled tubes obtained decreases with Increasing rp/d0, and there is a parameter k for a given to/do or rp/t0, when rp/d0 >k, △/2rp< 1, otherwise △/2rp>1.展开更多
The East African country is a sports powerhouse, especially in athletics. It is now trying to develop curling An athlete moves forward, focused on his aim, and slides a stone across the ice. The curl is in place. Two ...The East African country is a sports powerhouse, especially in athletics. It is now trying to develop curling An athlete moves forward, focused on his aim, and slides a stone across the ice. The curl is in place. Two other athletes use brooms to furiously wipe the ice against the advancing piece of granite to keep it on course, without touching it, so that it comes to a stop close to the center of the “house,” as the target on the track is called. Curling is a high-intensity sport that needs strategy and focus.展开更多
The theoretical formula for estimating the side curling short spiral chips is simplified. On the basis of experiment, a practical formula for forecasting the chip breaking length is obtained. It is proved by experime...The theoretical formula for estimating the side curling short spiral chips is simplified. On the basis of experiment, a practical formula for forecasting the chip breaking length is obtained. It is proved by experiment that the result from the practical formula fits well with that from the experiments.展开更多
Leaf,spike,stem,and root morphologies are key factors that determine crop growth,development,and productivity.Multiple genes that control these morphological traits have been identified in Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and o...Leaf,spike,stem,and root morphologies are key factors that determine crop growth,development,and productivity.Multiple genes that control these morphological traits have been identified in Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and other plant species.However,little is known about the genomic regions and genes associated with morphological traits in wheat.Here,we identified the ethyl methanesulfonate-derived mutant wheat line M133 that displays multiple morphological changes that include upward-curled leaves,paired spikelets,dwarfism,and delayed heading.Using bulked segregant RNA sequencing(BSR-seq)and a high-resolution genetic map,we identified TraesCS1D02G155200(HBD2)as a potential candidate gene.HB-D2 encodes a class III homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-ZIP III)transcription factor,and the mutation was located in the miRNA165/166 complementary site,resulting in a resistant allele designated rHb-D2.The relative expression of rHb2 in the mutant plants was significantly higher(P<0.01)than in plants homozygous for the WT allele.Independent resistant mutations that disrupt the miRNA165/166 complementary sites in the A-(rHb-A2)and B-genome(rHb-B2)homoeologs showed similar phenotypic alterations,but the relative intensity of the effects was different.Transgenic plants expressing rHb-D2 gene driven by the maize UBIQUITIN(UBI)promoter showed similar phenotypes to the rHb-D2 mutant.These results confirmed that HB-D2 is the causal gene responsible for the mutant phenotypes.Finally,a survey of 1397 wheat accessions showed that the complementary sites for miRNA165/166 in all three HB2 homoeologs are highly conserved.Our results suggest that HB2 plays an important role in regulating growth and development in wheat.展开更多
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)is the dominating pathogen of tomato yellow leaf curl disease that caused severe loss to tomato production in China.In this study,we found that a TYLCV-resistant tomato line drastic...Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)is the dominating pathogen of tomato yellow leaf curl disease that caused severe loss to tomato production in China.In this study,we found that a TYLCV-resistant tomato line drastically reduced the accumulation of viral complementary-sense strand mRNAs but just moderately inhibited that of viral DNA and virion-sense strand mRNAs.However,two other resistant lines did not have such virus inhibition pattern.Analysis of differential expressed genes showed that the potential host defense-relevant processes varied in different resistant tomatoes,as compared to the susceptible line,suggesting a diversity of tomato TYLCV-resistance mechanisms.展开更多
When one function is defined as a differential operation on another function, it’s often desirable to invert the definition, to effectively “undo” the differentiation. A Green’s function approach is often used to ...When one function is defined as a differential operation on another function, it’s often desirable to invert the definition, to effectively “undo” the differentiation. A Green’s function approach is often used to accomplish this, but variations on this theme exist, and we examine a few such variations. The mathematical analysis of is sought in the form if such an inverse operator exists, but physics is defined by both mathematical formula and ontological formalism, as I show for an example based on the Dirac equation. Finally, I contrast these “standard” approaches with a novel exact inverse operator for field equations.展开更多
In this study, we intended to construct an ethogram of the toad-headed lizard Phrynocephalus vlangalii by classifying and describing its behaviors using the Posture-act-environment （PAE） method. Through direct field...In this study, we intended to construct an ethogram of the toad-headed lizard Phrynocephalus vlangalii by classifying and describing its behaviors using the Posture-act-environment （PAE） method. Through direct field observation and video recording, we obtained eight postures, sixty-two acts and ten environments, and thus we formed an ethogram consisting of eighty-three behaviors encoded with PAE. A complete ethogram for a species could provide systematic behavioral information which helps to understand the connections among related behaviors and provides background information for specific behavioral study, hence the present ethogram will be greatly useful for future behavioral studies on P. vlangalii as well as other Phrynocephalus species.展开更多
文摘Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our planet.There are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in soils.For this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial soils.The effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are analyzed.Digital photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during drying.It is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling scenario.It is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil curling.Samples of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.
文摘BACKGROUND While sunburns are very common,especially in pediatrics,curling ulcers secondary to sunburns are a very rare entity that has not been noted in the literature in over fifty years.This case is the first addition to the literature since the originally documented case.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 17 year old male presents to the emergency room with lethargy,shortness of breath on exertion,dark stools and nausea.His fatigue started to become significantly worse four days prior to admission.Approximately two weeks prior to admission,the patient was on a beach vacation with his family at which time he suffered severe sunburns.He had developed crampy epigastric abdominal pain,which was followed by dark,loose stools.On exam,he is non-toxic appearing,but with pallor and peeling skin on his face and chest with epigastric tenderness.Infectious stool studies were all negative including Helicobacter pylori.He denies use of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and also denies alcohol or recreational drug use.While admitted he is found to be significantly anemic with his hemoglobin as low as 6.3 requiring two units of packed red blood cells.Endoscopy revealed several severe and deep ulcerations in the antrum and body of the stomach indicative of stress or curling ulcers.CONCLUSION While the incidence of stress ulcers is not known,it is most common with severe acute illness,most commonly presenting as upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding.It is essential to be aware of the risk of curling ulcers secondary to severe sunburns as patients with stress ulcer GI bleeding have increased morbidity and mortality compared to those who do not have GI bleed.
基金The authors would like to thank NSFC for support toenable the performing of this research (No. 59775055).
文摘The effect of the deformation condition on the axial compressive precision forming process of tube with curling die was investigated by using a rigid-plastic FEM. The results show that the forming accuracy depends mainly on geometric condition rp/d0, little on tube material properties and friction condition; the relative gap △/2rp of double-walled tubes obtained decreases with Increasing rp/d0, and there is a parameter k for a given to/do or rp/t0, when rp/d0 >k, △/2rp< 1, otherwise △/2rp>1.
文摘The East African country is a sports powerhouse, especially in athletics. It is now trying to develop curling An athlete moves forward, focused on his aim, and slides a stone across the ice. The curl is in place. Two other athletes use brooms to furiously wipe the ice against the advancing piece of granite to keep it on course, without touching it, so that it comes to a stop close to the center of the “house,” as the target on the track is called. Curling is a high-intensity sport that needs strategy and focus.
文摘The theoretical formula for estimating the side curling short spiral chips is simplified. On the basis of experiment, a practical formula for forecasting the chip breaking length is obtained. It is proved by experiment that the result from the practical formula fits well with that from the experiments.
基金supported by the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(ZR2021MC056 and ZR2021ZD30)the Open Project Funding of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvementfunded by Competitive Grant 202268013-36439(WheatCAP)from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture。
文摘Leaf,spike,stem,and root morphologies are key factors that determine crop growth,development,and productivity.Multiple genes that control these morphological traits have been identified in Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and other plant species.However,little is known about the genomic regions and genes associated with morphological traits in wheat.Here,we identified the ethyl methanesulfonate-derived mutant wheat line M133 that displays multiple morphological changes that include upward-curled leaves,paired spikelets,dwarfism,and delayed heading.Using bulked segregant RNA sequencing(BSR-seq)and a high-resolution genetic map,we identified TraesCS1D02G155200(HBD2)as a potential candidate gene.HB-D2 encodes a class III homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-ZIP III)transcription factor,and the mutation was located in the miRNA165/166 complementary site,resulting in a resistant allele designated rHb-D2.The relative expression of rHb2 in the mutant plants was significantly higher(P<0.01)than in plants homozygous for the WT allele.Independent resistant mutations that disrupt the miRNA165/166 complementary sites in the A-(rHb-A2)and B-genome(rHb-B2)homoeologs showed similar phenotypic alterations,but the relative intensity of the effects was different.Transgenic plants expressing rHb-D2 gene driven by the maize UBIQUITIN(UBI)promoter showed similar phenotypes to the rHb-D2 mutant.These results confirmed that HB-D2 is the causal gene responsible for the mutant phenotypes.Finally,a survey of 1397 wheat accessions showed that the complementary sites for miRNA165/166 in all three HB2 homoeologs are highly conserved.Our results suggest that HB2 plays an important role in regulating growth and development in wheat.
基金Supported by Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan(201804010327,202002020040,202102080340)Agricultural Science-Technology Innovation and Promotion Project(2023KJ133)。
文摘Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)is the dominating pathogen of tomato yellow leaf curl disease that caused severe loss to tomato production in China.In this study,we found that a TYLCV-resistant tomato line drastically reduced the accumulation of viral complementary-sense strand mRNAs but just moderately inhibited that of viral DNA and virion-sense strand mRNAs.However,two other resistant lines did not have such virus inhibition pattern.Analysis of differential expressed genes showed that the potential host defense-relevant processes varied in different resistant tomatoes,as compared to the susceptible line,suggesting a diversity of tomato TYLCV-resistance mechanisms.
文摘When one function is defined as a differential operation on another function, it’s often desirable to invert the definition, to effectively “undo” the differentiation. A Green’s function approach is often used to accomplish this, but variations on this theme exist, and we examine a few such variations. The mathematical analysis of is sought in the form if such an inverse operator exists, but physics is defined by both mathematical formula and ontological formalism, as I show for an example based on the Dirac equation. Finally, I contrast these “standard” approaches with a novel exact inverse operator for field equations.
基金supported by agrant of the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Yuezhao WANG(No.31071892)
文摘In this study, we intended to construct an ethogram of the toad-headed lizard Phrynocephalus vlangalii by classifying and describing its behaviors using the Posture-act-environment （PAE） method. Through direct field observation and video recording, we obtained eight postures, sixty-two acts and ten environments, and thus we formed an ethogram consisting of eighty-three behaviors encoded with PAE. A complete ethogram for a species could provide systematic behavioral information which helps to understand the connections among related behaviors and provides background information for specific behavioral study, hence the present ethogram will be greatly useful for future behavioral studies on P. vlangalii as well as other Phrynocephalus species.
