Building Custom Spreadsheet Functions with Python: End-User Software Engineering Approach

End-user computing empowers non-developers to manage data and applications, enhancing collaboration and efficiency. Spreadsheets, a prime example of end-user programming environments widely used in business for data analysis. However, Excel functionalities have limits compared to dedicated programming languages. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a prototype for integrating Python’s capabilities into Excel through on-premises desktop to build custom spreadsheet functions with Python. This approach overcomes potential latency issues associated with cloud-based solutions. This prototype utilizes Excel-DNA and IronPython. Excel-DNA allows creating custom Python functions that seamlessly integrate with Excel’s calculation engine. IronPython enables the execution of these Python (CSFs) directly within Excel. C# and VSTO add-ins form the core components, facilitating communication between Python and Excel. This approach empowers users with a potentially open-ended set of Python (CSFs) for tasks like mathematical calculations, statistical analysis, and even predictive modeling, all within the familiar Excel interface. This prototype demonstrates smooth integration, allowing users to call Python (CSFs) just like standard Excel functions. This research contributes to enhancing spreadsheet capabilities for end-user programmers by leveraging Python’s power within Excel. Future research could explore expanding data analysis capabilities by expanding the (CSFs) functions for complex calculations, statistical analysis, data manipulation, and even external library integration. The possibility of integrating machine learning models through the (CSFs) functions within the familiar Excel environment.

Providing Customized Security Based on Network Function Composition and Reconfiguration

Real-time multimedia sharing in Consumer-centric Multimedia Network(CMN) requires usability anywhere, anytime and from any device. However, CMNs are usually located or implemented on application layer, which makes CMNs subjected to their fixed substrate security framework. A fundamental diversifying attribute for the customized security experiences of CMNs is pressing. This paper proposes a programmable network structure which is named Service Processing Chain(SPC) based on network function combination. The SPC is established by the ordinal combination of network functions in substrate switches dynamically, and therefore constructs a special channel for each CMN with required security. The construction and reconfiguration algorithms of SPC are also discussed in this paper. Evaluations and implementation show that above approaches are effective in providing multilevel security with flexibility and expansibility. It is believed that the SPC could provide customized security service and drive participative real-time multimedia sharing for CMNs.

明代中晚期民间饮茶习俗及其社会功能的探究——以明代小说戏曲材料为中心

明代广泛的饮茶行为在明代民间形成了丰富多彩的饮茶习俗,这些民间饮茶习俗罕有系统的记载,零散见于不同的文献。而明代中晚期的通俗小说戏曲发展蓬勃,这些文学作品生动记录了当时社会的日常生活状态,通过整理分析这些文学作品中的茶事活动,系统展示明代中晚期民间饮茶之习俗,探索当时饮茶习俗的社会功能。

基于FSRce模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法

针对部分机电产品在概念设计阶段未综合考虑客户和环境的需求,进而影响产品详细设计的问题,提出了一种基于功能—结构—客户和环境需求(function‒structure‒requirements of customer and environment,FSRce)模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法。首先,从案例库中选择合适的功能和结构对现有产品设计树中的节点进行扩展和关联;同时通过数据挖掘、专家打分等方法获得产品的客户和环境需求重要度,以构建基于FSRce模型的产品概念设计空间。然后,先利用加权区间粗糙数法对客户和环境需求重要度进行分析,得到需求相对重要度,再运用模糊质量功能展开(fuzzy quality function deployment,FQFD)将需求相对重要度转化为产品的工程特性权重。最后,利用物元理论构建基于工程特性的产品物元域和各结构物元集,并结合工程特性权重得到各结构的满意度分值,通过比较满意度优选得到满足客户和环境需求的产品概念设计方案。以某小型工业吹风机为例,基于上述方法对其概念设计方案进行优化。相比于原始方案,优化后的吹风机在能源消耗上降低了15.38%,在碳排放上降低了15.32%,且客户满意度提高了44.66%,由此验证了所提出方法的可行性与有效性。所提出的方法为机电产品概念设计方案的生成提供了一种新思路,能更好地辅助设计人员实现对机电产品的绿色设计。

煤堆非均质分布及其自热研究

为了掌握煤堆内的非均质分布状态以及非均质煤堆的自热过程,利用颗粒动力学原理提出了基于颗粒下落堆积演化规律的堆体数值重构方法,研究了不同倾倒高度和颗粒粒径下所形成堆体的内部空隙分布情况,将所得空隙分布变化规律及与空隙关联的变量编成自定义函数、进行非均质煤自热模拟,分析非均质煤堆内部温度场、压力场、组分浓度场的变化。结果表明,空隙率随堆体内部垂直方向距离的增加而先减小后增大,而在内部相同高度的水平方向上空隙分布近乎均匀;0.55~0.95 m的倾倒高度大小变化以及1.1~1.9 cm的粒径粗细变化对堆体内部空隙率影响较小;非均质煤自燃中,高温区域逐渐缩小成靠近迎风侧、背风侧与底部接触的两个温度极高、对煤堆安全威胁最大的点。

乡村振兴视域下饮食习俗的文化内涵及价值阐述——以建始县“喝栽秧酒、吃立夏坨”为例

“喝栽秧酒、吃立夏坨”这一独特的地域饮食习俗,是建始县历史记忆、社会联系和文化内涵的丰富体现。它不仅传承了农耕文化的智慧,还呈现出丰富的民俗和鲜明的时令特色,融合了地域性、技艺性、社会性和民俗性等多个方面的文化特征,承载着深刻的文化和社会价值。文章以这一地区饮食传统为研究对象,采用结构功能分析方法,深入阐述其生成逻辑、习俗特征以及所蕴含的内涵价值,全面呈现这一传统在当地社会中的融合过程,为乡村文明建设注入新的活力和吸引力提供智力支持。

中国特色社会主义现代化海关职责体系研究--历史演变、构成向度与实践进路

中国特色社会主义现代化海关职责体系是中国政府职责体系的组成部分,关系着中国海关治理体系和治理能力现代化建设。新中国海关成立以来,在中国共产党的坚强领导下,中国海关实践出了一条中国式现代化海关发展之路,在近75年的发展历程中,中国海关职责体系经历了三个重要历史阶段的演变:海关职责体系的调整与重构、削弱与恢复、划转与扩展,充分彰显了中国海关在服务党和国家事业发展大局的历史责任和使命担当。本研究在梳理中国海关职责体系历史演变的基础上,从纵向关系、横向关系、条块关系角度厘清了中国特色社会主义现代化海关职责体系构成向度,以及海关职责体系运行问题,并提出优化中国特色社会主义现代化海关职责体系的实践进路,以助推海关治理体系和治理能力现代化实践。

客户等级划分视阈下的车辆路径遗传算法研究

针对当前车辆路径规划算法存在的车辆满载率低、车辆路径求解时间长、车辆配送成本高的问题,文中设计了考虑客户等级划分的车辆路径遗传算法求解过程。在描述车辆路径相关问题和函数的基础上,给出相关假设和约束条件,确定目标函数并考虑客户等级划分,然后构建时间窗车辆路径模型。采用遗传算法,通过染色体编码生成初始种群,再通过选择、交叉以及变异输出最优解,从而求解时间窗车辆路径。实验结果表明:该方法能够有效提升车辆满载率,并缩短求解时间、降低配送成本。

面向大型邮轮定制的模块化产品族设计方法研究

首艘国产邮轮已于2023年底交付,预计邮轮产业将在未来为中国经济作出重要贡献。然而,中国企业在邮轮自主设计方面还有很长的路要走,需要考虑未来的发展趋势并提前进行设计和布局。作为娱乐载具,邮轮要满足不同区域和文化下的定制需求;同时,由于系统的复杂性,任何更改都会给邮轮设计带来巨大的成本。该文针对此问题,分析了大型邮轮功能模块的构成以及定制化设计的可行性,提出了大型邮轮模块化产品族设计方法以及基于产品族的大型邮轮定制化设计流程。面向大型邮轮定制的模块化产品族理念与设计方法,有利于邮轮功能设计的完备性和邮轮定制的高效性,可为未来国产大型邮轮的自主设计提供支持。

基于QFD的可伸缩式登船栈桥设计方法

针对可伸缩式登船栈桥设计流程,以客户需求为导向,构建了基于质量功能展开法的设计思路和方法。运用实景体验和场景打分的方法,深度挖掘5个维度的客户需求、关键质量特性和关键物料特性,通过AHP等方法进行权重分析,构建可伸缩栈桥分析的一阶质量屋和二阶质量屋,开展关键物料的重要度-成本分析,有效满足了客户需求和规范要求,形成可伸缩栈桥设计开发新模式。

新中国进出境动植物检疫职能发展历程及启示

新中国进出境动植物检疫职能发端于接收和改造国民政府进出口商品检验机构,历经对外贸易部门进出口商品检验机构承担主要职能,移交给农业部门牵头并组建专门动植物检疫机关以及商品检验机构保留部分职能,进出口商品检验、进出境动植物检疫、国境卫生检疫合并组建出入境检验检疫机构,直至当前划入海关等四个阶段,形成了具有中国特色进出境动植物检疫职能配置模式。进出境动植物检疫职能发展历程表明,集中统一管理、融入外经贸口岸监管大局是促进国门把关、提升服务发展效能的重要手段。站在新的起点,应在《生物安全法》框架下进一步发挥进出境动植物检疫国门安全防控职能;以《海关法》《进出境动植物检疫法》修订为契机,推动农业农村、林业草原、海关等部门进出境动植物检疫合作;以“智慧海关”建设为抓手,进一步优化关检业务深度融合机制,完善进出境动植物检疫“守国门、促发展”工作制度。

闽南饮食民俗吉祥文化内涵思维模式及社会功能

闽南饮食民俗作为闽南地区传统文化的重要组成部分,承载着闽南人对美好生活的憧憬和向往。结合例子,从食物的形状、色彩、属性、数字、名称以及民俗仪式等层面分析闽南饮食民俗吉祥文化内涵生成的思维模式,继而对闽南饮食民俗的社会功能进行探讨,有助于大家更好地了解和研究闽南地区的传统文化。

机场导航类服务机器人的需求分析及提升策略研究——基于KANO模型及顾客满意度的需求优先级分析

目前机场智能设备使用率较低,有必要掌握机场乘客对机场智能设备的使用需求。研究旨在通过调查用户对机场导航类机器人的服务需求,明确进一步服务改善方向。研究采用了焦点小组访谈、KANO模型问卷及Better-Worse系数对用户需求进行了提炼及分类。结果表明:用户对导航类机器人的需求类别被划分为3个必备型需求、5个期望型需求、7个魅力型需求、5个无差异型需求。其中自助值机、机场各项设施介绍、登机口引导为必备型需求;食品配送服务、转机流程查询、搬运行李、语言识别功能、航班信息查询为期望型需求;餐饮推荐及预订、机场餐饮就餐人数提醒、多语言系统、纪念品商店引导、机场餐饮价格标注及导航、机场咖啡店引导、智能聊天功能为魅力型需求。研究结果有助于向机场导航类机器人的研发部门提供服务改善策略的新见解。

个性化干预联合肌力定制训练对腰椎间盘突出症患者的干预效果及对腰椎功能的影响

目的 探究个性化干预联合肌力定制训练对腰椎间盘突出症患者的干预效果及对患者腰椎功能的影响。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年12月进行干预的腰椎间盘突出症患者110例,按照数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组55例。对照组给予肌力定制训练干预,研究组在此基础上给予患者个性化干预。比较2组患者不良情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分]、康复效果[视觉疼痛模拟评分(Visual pain simulation score, VAS)、腰痛病情(FairbankJC)]、恐惧回避信念评分[身体活动量表(FABQ-P)、工作量表(FABQ-W)]、腰椎功能、康复知识变化以及干预满意度。结果 干预后,2组患者SAS评分、SDS评分、VAS评分、FairbankJC评分、FABQ-P评分、FABQ-W评分下降,腰椎功能评分、康复知识评分上升,且与对照组比较,研究组患者SAS评分、SDS评分、VAS评分、FairbankJC评分、FABQ-P评分、FABQ-W评分较低,腰椎功能评分、康复知识评分较高(P<0.05)。研究组干预有效率为94.55%,高于对照组的69.09%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 使用个性化干预联合肌力定制训练对腰椎间盘突出症进行干预,对患者的腰部功能有着改善缓解的作用,在临床工作中值得大力推广应用。

GIS技术在客户用能服务管理系统中的应用

为提高用能服务管理水平,文章引进GIS技术,设计了一种针对客户用能服务的全新管理系统,参照C/S 3层架构模式,设计客户用能服务管理系统架构。文章根据终端管理需求,将数据划分为辅助关系数据库与空间数据库,以此建立客户用能数据库;将GIS服务器与系统通信接口进行对接,建立终端用能客户与管理系统之间的联系,实现基于GIS技术的用户供能服务与管理功能规划。文章以珠海横琴能源发展有限公司作为试点单位,以智慧能源项目为例,对系统的综合性能展开测试。测试结果证明,文中开发的系统在实际应用中的效果良好,可以通过该系统,实现对用户的用能管理,改善在供能服务管理过程中出现的能源损耗现象。

Hybrid customer requirements rating method for customer-oriented product design using QFD

Quality function deployment （QFD） is a well-known customer-oriented product design methodology. Rating the final importance of customer requirements （CRs） is really a very es- sential starting point in the implementation of QFD, since it largely affects the target setting value of design requirements. This pa- per aims to propose a novel method to deal with the relative importance ratings （RIRs） of CRs problem considering customers＇ diversified requirements and unknown information on customers＇ weights, which is an indispensable process for determining the final importance ratings of CRs. First, a new concept of customer＇s assessment structure is proposed according to the basic idea of grey relational analysis （GRA）, and then a constrained nonlinear optimization model is constructed to describe the assessment information aggregation factors of CRs considering customers＇ personalized and diversified requirements. Furthermore, an im- mune particle swarm optimization （IPSO） algorithm is designed to solve the model, and the weight vector of customers is obtained. Finally, a car door design example is introduced to illustrate the novel hybrid GRA-IPSO method＇s potential application in deter- mining the RIRs of CRs.

Developing Customized Evaluation Software for Clinical Trials: An Example with Obstructive Lung Diseases

Corresponding customized software tool is usually unavailable, which increases the time and workload for evaluating the results of a clinical trial. In the present paper, we demonstrate the development process of a customized software for one clinical trial on patients with obstructive lung disease. Over hundred patients and volunteers as controlled were included in the clinical trial. They were examined by spirometry and EIT in a seated position during spontaneous tidal breathing. Subsequently, standard vital capacity maneuver and forced full expiration maneuver were performed. In order to evaluate the offline data, a customized software was developed. The requirements of the software were defined by investigators. The software was then tested on patients’ data and refined based on feedbacks of the investigators. We finalized the customized software with analysis of various disease-specific parameters and indices. Compared to the data process with device specific programs and other commercial software, the customized software is more flexible, user-friendly and extendable. As conclusion, customized software simplifies the evaluation process distinctly and helps physicians to focus on study design and result interpretation.

Product design on the basis of fuzzy quality function deployment

In the implementation of quality function deployment （QFD）, the determination of the target values of engineering characteristics is a complex decision process with multiple variables and multiple objectives that should trade off, and optimize all kinds of conflicts and constraints. A fuzzy linear programming model （FLP） is proposed. On the basis of the inherent fuzziness of QFD system, triangular fuzzy numbers are used to represent all the relationships and correlations, and then, the functional relationships between the customer needs and engineering characteristics and the functional correlations among the engineering characteristics are determined with the information in the house of quality （HoQ） fully used. The fuzzy linear programming （FLP） model aims to find the optimal target values of the engineering characteristics to maximize the customer satisfaction. Finally, the proposed method is illustrated by a numerical example.

Customer Order Decoupling Point Selection Model in Mass Customization Based on MAS

Mass customization relates to the ability of providing individually designed products or services to customer with high process flexibility or integration.Literatures on mass customization have been focused on mechanism of MC,but little on cus- tomer order decoupling point selection.The aim of this paper is to present a model for customer order decoupling point selection of domain knowledge interactions between enterprises and customers in mass customization.Based on the analysis of other researchers’ achievements combining the demand problems of customer and enterprise,a model of group decision for customer order decoupling point selection is constructed based on quality function deployment and multi-agent system.Considering relatively the decision mak- ers of independent functional departments as independent decision agents,a decision agent set is added as the third dimensionality to house of quality,the cubic quality function deployment is formed.The decision-making can be consisted of two procedures:the first one is to build each plane house of quality in various functional departments to express each opinions;the other is to evaluate and gather the foregoing sub-decisions by a new plane quality function deployment.Thus,department decision-making can well use its domain knowledge by ontology,and total decision-making can keep simple by avoiding too many customer requirements.