The progress in protoplast technology and its application in fruit breeding were summarized,and the existing problems and application prospect were also discussed.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, leading to reduction in transmission through cholinergic fibers involved in p...Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, leading to reduction in transmission through cholinergic fibers involved in processes of attention, learning, and memory. Mitochondria provide and regulate cellular energy and are crucial for proper neuronal activity and survival. Mitochondrial dysfunction is evident in early stages of AD and is involved in AD pathogenesis. This review focuses on the evidence supporting a clear association between amyloid-β toxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuronal damage/death in Alzheimer’s disease. To date, the beta amyloid (Aβ) cascade hypothesis still remains the main pathogenetic model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but its role in the majority of sporadic AD cases is uncertain. Furthermore, the “mitochondrial cascade hypothesis” could explain many of the biochemical, genetic, and pathological features of sporadic AD. This hypothesis promotes mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as the basis for Alzheimer’s disease. The mutations could lead to energy failure, increased oxidative stress, and accumulation of Aβ, which in a vicious cycle reinforces the mtDNA damage and oxidative stress.展开更多
目的:探讨溴化乙锭(EB)诱导法建立人线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失宫颈癌Hela S3细胞,以及再转入线粒体构建融合细胞的可行性,并对转线粒体细胞进行初步分析。方法:采用低剂量(100 ng/m L)EB诱导法建立mtDNA缺失的ρ0 Hela S3细胞,通过普通PCR...目的:探讨溴化乙锭(EB)诱导法建立人线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失宫颈癌Hela S3细胞,以及再转入线粒体构建融合细胞的可行性,并对转线粒体细胞进行初步分析。方法:采用低剂量(100 ng/m L)EB诱导法建立mtDNA缺失的ρ0 Hela S3细胞,通过普通PCR、荧光定量PCR(qPCR)进行mtDNA缺失鉴定。采用聚乙二醇(PEG)介导细胞融合法,以正常人血小板为mtDNA供体转入ρ0 Hela S3细胞,构建转线粒体细胞(transmitochondrial cybrids),并通过PCR、qPCR和透射电镜观察进行初步分析和鉴定。结果:普通PCR和qPCR结果证实EB诱导法能够成功建立ρ0 Hela S3细胞,同时结合透射电镜证明转线粒体细胞能够恢复线粒体正常结构。结论:采用EB诱导法可成功建立ρ0 Hela S3细胞,且通过细胞融合构建的转线粒体细胞能够恢复mtDNA复制和正常线粒体结构,为研究mtDNA突变与线粒体功能异常相关疾病的关系提供可靠的实验基础。展开更多
基金Supported by National Agro-industry(Apple Industry)Technology Research System/China Agriculture Research System of Apple(nycytx-27)
文摘The progress in protoplast technology and its application in fruit breeding were summarized,and the existing problems and application prospect were also discussed.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, leading to reduction in transmission through cholinergic fibers involved in processes of attention, learning, and memory. Mitochondria provide and regulate cellular energy and are crucial for proper neuronal activity and survival. Mitochondrial dysfunction is evident in early stages of AD and is involved in AD pathogenesis. This review focuses on the evidence supporting a clear association between amyloid-β toxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuronal damage/death in Alzheimer’s disease. To date, the beta amyloid (Aβ) cascade hypothesis still remains the main pathogenetic model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but its role in the majority of sporadic AD cases is uncertain. Furthermore, the “mitochondrial cascade hypothesis” could explain many of the biochemical, genetic, and pathological features of sporadic AD. This hypothesis promotes mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as the basis for Alzheimer’s disease. The mutations could lead to energy failure, increased oxidative stress, and accumulation of Aβ, which in a vicious cycle reinforces the mtDNA damage and oxidative stress.
文摘目的:探讨溴化乙锭(EB)诱导法建立人线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失宫颈癌Hela S3细胞,以及再转入线粒体构建融合细胞的可行性,并对转线粒体细胞进行初步分析。方法:采用低剂量(100 ng/m L)EB诱导法建立mtDNA缺失的ρ0 Hela S3细胞,通过普通PCR、荧光定量PCR(qPCR)进行mtDNA缺失鉴定。采用聚乙二醇(PEG)介导细胞融合法,以正常人血小板为mtDNA供体转入ρ0 Hela S3细胞,构建转线粒体细胞(transmitochondrial cybrids),并通过PCR、qPCR和透射电镜观察进行初步分析和鉴定。结果:普通PCR和qPCR结果证实EB诱导法能够成功建立ρ0 Hela S3细胞,同时结合透射电镜证明转线粒体细胞能够恢复线粒体正常结构。结论:采用EB诱导法可成功建立ρ0 Hela S3细胞,且通过细胞融合构建的转线粒体细胞能够恢复mtDNA复制和正常线粒体结构,为研究mtDNA突变与线粒体功能异常相关疾病的关系提供可靠的实验基础。
