The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an IL-6 gene polymorphism, discovered in the 5＇ regulatory region, on porcine litter size. An association analysis was performed between the polymorphism and tota...The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an IL-6 gene polymorphism, discovered in the 5＇ regulatory region, on porcine litter size. An association analysis was performed between the polymorphism and total number born （TNB） and number born alive （NBA） in 421 sows. The polymorphism was at Hpy188I within the 5＇ regulatory region of IL- 6 gene. Three genotypes of AA, AG, and GG were detected in Landrace, and two genotypes, AA and AG, were detected in Yorkshire and Duroc pigs. The A allele was the superior allele in all three breeds, with allele frequencies ranging from 0. 901 to 0.993. The IL-6 genotype was highly significantly associated with TNB and NBA in the third and following parities （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and with total parities （ P 〈 0.05）. In general, the TNB and NBA showed a tendency of GG 〉 AG 〉 AA, indicating that the common allele was the least favorable for litter size. Thus, there is an enormous opportunity to increase litter size if this effect is confirmed in other studies.展开更多
Background:Tomeasure the expression and correlation of 5-HT(5-hydroxytryptamine),DA(Dopamine),IL-6,and TNF-αin the brain tissue and serum of rats in a model of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)with depression,and to ex...Background:Tomeasure the expression and correlation of 5-HT(5-hydroxytryptamine),DA(Dopamine),IL-6,and TNF-αin the brain tissue and serum of rats in a model of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)with depression,and to explore the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis with depression.Methods:After one week ofnormal feeding,80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 rats each including a blank group,CIA group,depression group,and a model group.After modeling,the rats were subjected to sucrose consumption,tail suspension experiments for behavioral measurements,synovial tissue pathology,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure the levels of 5-HT,DA,IL-6,and TNF-αin the brain tissue and serum.Results:①Comparison of 5-HT and DA levels:Compared with the blank group,the levels of 5-HT and DA in the brain were lower in the model group,depression group,and CIA group.The levels of 5-HT in the model group were significantly lower compared with those in the depression and CIA group(P<0.05).The levels of DA and 5-HT in serum were significantly lower in the depression group comparedwith the blank group,model group,and CIA group,and were significantly lower in the model group compared with the CIA group(P<0.05).②Comparison of IL-6 and TNF-αlevels:Compared with the blank group,IL-6 and TNF-αexpression in the brain of the model group,depression group,and CIA group were significantly increased,whereas IL-6 levels were increased in the model group compared with the CIA group.TNF-αwas significantly increased in the model group compared with the depression and CIA group.(P<0.05).Compared with the blank group,the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly increased in the model group,depression grop,and CIA group,whereas IL-6 and TNF-αlevels were significantly increased in the model group compared with the CIA group(P<0.05).③Correlation analysis:IL-6 in the blood exhibited a positive correlation with DA.TNF-αin the blood had a negative correlation with 5-HT in the brain and IL-6 in the brain had a negative correlation with 5-HT in the brain.Conclusion:Increased cytokine levels in serum and braintissues and decreased monoamine neurotransmitter levels in brain tissues of CIA rats are associated with the development of depression in rats with CIA and depression.展开更多
How follicular T-helper （Tfh） cells develop is incom- pletely understood. We find that, upon antigen exposure in vivo, both naive and antigen-experienced T cells sequentially upregulate CXCR5 and Bc16 within the fir...How follicular T-helper （Tfh） cells develop is incom- pletely understood. We find that, upon antigen exposure in vivo, both naive and antigen-experienced T cells sequentially upregulate CXCR5 and Bc16 within the first 24 h, relocate to the T-B border, and give rise to phenotypic Bcl6＋CXCR5＋ Tfh cells before the first cell division. CXCR5 upregulation is more dependent on ICOS costimulation than that of Bcl6, and early Bcl6 induction requires T-cell expression of CXCR5 and, presumably, relocation toward the follicle. This early and rapid upregulation of CXCR5 and Bcl6 depends on IL-6 produced by radiation-resistant cells. These results suggest that a Bcl6hiCXCR5hi phenotype does not automatically define a Tfh lineage but might reflect a state of antigen exposure and non-commitment to terminal effector fates and that niches in the T-B border and/or the follicle are important for optimal Bcl6 induction and maintenance.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No.31172176 )China Agriculture Research System ( No.CARS-36 )
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an IL-6 gene polymorphism, discovered in the 5＇ regulatory region, on porcine litter size. An association analysis was performed between the polymorphism and total number born （TNB） and number born alive （NBA） in 421 sows. The polymorphism was at Hpy188I within the 5＇ regulatory region of IL- 6 gene. Three genotypes of AA, AG, and GG were detected in Landrace, and two genotypes, AA and AG, were detected in Yorkshire and Duroc pigs. The A allele was the superior allele in all three breeds, with allele frequencies ranging from 0. 901 to 0.993. The IL-6 genotype was highly significantly associated with TNB and NBA in the third and following parities （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and with total parities （ P 〈 0.05）. In general, the TNB and NBA showed a tendency of GG 〉 AG 〉 AA, indicating that the common allele was the least favorable for litter size. Thus, there is an enormous opportunity to increase litter size if this effect is confirmed in other studies.
基金National NaturalScience Foundation of China,regional science foundation project,81760800research on the anti-rheumatoid arthritis and miRNA regulation mechanism of tolerance dendritic cells induced by diphtheria Aconitum based on TLR4 Signal pathway.
文摘Background:Tomeasure the expression and correlation of 5-HT(5-hydroxytryptamine),DA(Dopamine),IL-6,and TNF-αin the brain tissue and serum of rats in a model of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)with depression,and to explore the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis with depression.Methods:After one week ofnormal feeding,80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 rats each including a blank group,CIA group,depression group,and a model group.After modeling,the rats were subjected to sucrose consumption,tail suspension experiments for behavioral measurements,synovial tissue pathology,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure the levels of 5-HT,DA,IL-6,and TNF-αin the brain tissue and serum.Results:①Comparison of 5-HT and DA levels:Compared with the blank group,the levels of 5-HT and DA in the brain were lower in the model group,depression group,and CIA group.The levels of 5-HT in the model group were significantly lower compared with those in the depression and CIA group(P<0.05).The levels of DA and 5-HT in serum were significantly lower in the depression group comparedwith the blank group,model group,and CIA group,and were significantly lower in the model group compared with the CIA group(P<0.05).②Comparison of IL-6 and TNF-αlevels:Compared with the blank group,IL-6 and TNF-αexpression in the brain of the model group,depression group,and CIA group were significantly increased,whereas IL-6 levels were increased in the model group compared with the CIA group.TNF-αwas significantly increased in the model group compared with the depression and CIA group.(P<0.05).Compared with the blank group,the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly increased in the model group,depression grop,and CIA group,whereas IL-6 and TNF-αlevels were significantly increased in the model group compared with the CIA group(P<0.05).③Correlation analysis:IL-6 in the blood exhibited a positive correlation with DA.TNF-αin the blood had a negative correlation with 5-HT in the brain and IL-6 in the brain had a negative correlation with 5-HT in the brain.Conclusion:Increased cytokine levels in serum and braintissues and decreased monoamine neurotransmitter levels in brain tissues of CIA rats are associated with the development of depression in rats with CIA and depression.
文摘How follicular T-helper （Tfh） cells develop is incom- pletely understood. We find that, upon antigen exposure in vivo, both naive and antigen-experienced T cells sequentially upregulate CXCR5 and Bc16 within the first 24 h, relocate to the T-B border, and give rise to phenotypic Bcl6＋CXCR5＋ Tfh cells before the first cell division. CXCR5 upregulation is more dependent on ICOS costimulation than that of Bcl6, and early Bcl6 induction requires T-cell expression of CXCR5 and, presumably, relocation toward the follicle. This early and rapid upregulation of CXCR5 and Bcl6 depends on IL-6 produced by radiation-resistant cells. These results suggest that a Bcl6hiCXCR5hi phenotype does not automatically define a Tfh lineage but might reflect a state of antigen exposure and non-commitment to terminal effector fates and that niches in the T-B border and/or the follicle are important for optimal Bcl6 induction and maintenance.
