MISCIBILITY AND CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF BIODEGRADABLE BLEND OF POLY(β—HYDROXYBUTYRATE)AND POLY(D,L—LACTIDE)—CO—POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)

Studies on the miscibility of PHB/PELA blends showed that PHB and PELA were miscible in amorphous state.The crystallization behavior of PHB in the blend was strongly de- pendent on the addition of PELA component.

MISCIBILITY AND MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF BIODEGRADABLE BLEND OF POLY(β—HYDROXYBUTYRATE)AND POLY(D,L—LACTIDE)

The poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(d,1-lactide)(PHB/PLA)blend was found to be immiscible,the melting point and the phase crystallinity of PHB were independent of the blend composition.Comparing with plain PHB,the blend exhibited the crystallization change and a certain improvement of the mechanical property.

Low Molecular Weight Poly(Lactide-<i>co</i>-Caprolactone) for Tissue Adhesion and Tetracycline Hydrochloride Controlled Release in Wound Management

The use of biopolymers as bioadhesives for human tissue is becoming a preferred alternative to suturing due to their superior adhesive, biocompatible, and biodegradable properties. In this work, low molecular weight poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (P(LA-co-CL) was synthesized to achieve the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymer at ambient temperature so that during application on the skin, the copolymer when combined with chitosan (CHI) into the CHI/P(LA-co-CL) film could provide the strong support at the injury site. Using alcohols with different numbers of hydroxyl groups as the co-initiator in polymerization provided the distinctive characteristics of copolymers. Among all copolymers synthesized, P(LA-co-CL) copolymer using pentaerythritol as the co-initiator when combined with CHI at the ratio of copolymer/CHI at 70/30 yielded the good film properties in tissue adhesion and tetracycline hydrochloride release.

Quantum Nature of Distortion and Delay of Satellite Signals II

A detailed analysis of the influence of Rydberg states to the behavior of GPS satellite signals in the D and E atmospheric layers has been carried out. It is demonstrated that these states are the main reason for the GPS signal distortion. It is shown that the behavior of satellite signals is associated with the spectral characteristics of the UHF radiation of the Rydberg states depending on the geomagnetic conditions of ionosphere. The foundations of the quantum theory of distortion and delay of GPS satellite signal propagation through D and E atmospheric layers are analyzed and expounded. The problem reduces to the resonant scattering of photons, moving in the electromagnetic field of the signal, to the Rydberg complexes populated in a two-temperature non-equilibrium plasma. The processes of creation of additional photons because of stimulated emission and resonance scattering of photons are considered. In the present work, the quantum theory of the propagation of a satellite signal in the Earth’s upper atmosphere, firstly earlier proposed by the same authors, is described in detail. The general problems of the theory and possible theoretical and applied consequences are discussed. It is explained that two main processes occurring here, are directly related to the resonant quantum properties of the propagation medium. The first process leads to a direct increase in the power of the received signal, and second—to a shift in the signal carrier frequency??and the time delay??of its propagation. The main reasons of the processes are scattering of the Rydberg electron by the ion core and presence of the neutral medium molecule in the intermediate autoionization states of the composite system populated by the strong non-adiabatic coupling of electron and nuclear motions. The main purposes of our investigation are the physical justification of the formation of parameters ?and??using the quantum dynamics of the electron behavior in the intermediate state of the Rydberg complex A**M and the estimation of the quantities of??and??in the elementary act of elastic (Rayleigh) photon scattering.

Measurement of Monomer Reactivity Ratios of D,L-3-Methylglycolide with Glycolide or D,L-Lactide

For monomer reactivity ratios study, the copolymerization of D,L-3-methylglycolide (MG) with glycolide (GA) or D,L-lactide (LA) was carried out in bulk to a certain low conversion in the presence of stannous octoate at 140 degrees C. The copolymer compositions were determined by H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated by Fineman-Ross method, Kelen-Tudos method and linear least-squares method. The monomer reactivity ratios of D,L-3-methylglycolide and glycolide or D,L-lactide are r(mg)= 0.73, r(ga)= 1.47; r(mg)= 1.71, r(la)= 0.92, respectively.

Poly(L-lactide)-Poly(ethylene glycol) Multiblock Copolymers: Synthesis and Properties

Poly (L-lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) multiblock copolymers with predetermined block lengths were synthesized by polycondensation of PLA diols and PEG diacids. These copolymers presented special properties, such as better miscibility between the two components, low crystallinity and better hydrophilicity, which can be modulated by adjusting the block lengths of the two components.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)

Poly （ l- lactide- co-glycolide ） （ PLGA ） with different compositions was prepared using stannous octaoate as catalyst by bulk ring-opening copolymerization of l-lactide and glycolide. The structure and properties of the PLGA copolymers were cbaracterized by means of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared （ATR-FTIR）, ^1H NMR, differential scanning calorimeter （ DSC and X-ray diffraction （XRD） methods, The experimented results indicate that the synthetic conditions and the composition of copolymers have art obvious influence on the structure of PLGA copolymers, The degradation rate of eopolymers increased with the increasing of the glycolide component in the copolymers.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) Copolymers

A series of random and block poly（ L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone ） （ PCLA ） copolymers whh different composition are prepared using stannous octaoate as catalyst.The effects of the amount of initiator on the intrinsic viscosity have been investigated. The structure of the PCLA copolymers is characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance（ NMR ）, Fourier transform infrared spectrum （ FTIR ）, differential scanning calorimetry （ DSC ） and X- ray diffraction （ XRD ） methods. It is shown that the synthesis condition and the composition of copolymers obrious influence on the structure of PCLA copolymers. Hydrolytic degradation of the copolymers in a PBS solution of pH 7.4 at 37.0℃ shows that the copolymers of different composhions degrade at different rates.

Supercritical Fluid Impregnation of Essential Bark Oil in Copolymers of L-Lactide with 7-Membered Cyclic Compounds

In order to develop a novel controlled-release material, we previously attempted to impregnate poly(L-lactide) (poly(L-LA)), poly(L-LA-ran-CL) (CL: ε-caprolactone) or poly(L-LA-ran-TEMC) (TEMC: tetramethylene carbonate) with low boiling point, organic useful compounds using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as the solvent. In this work, the factors influencing impregnation of poly (L-LA) random copolymers with useful compounds were investigated under scCO2 using the copolymers previously used. The influence of temperature, pressure, and time on the impregnation contents of the useful compounds on the copolymers was evaluated. The polymer used, which is a base of this material, was poly(L-LA-ran-CL), poly(L-LA-ran-TEMC), or poly(L-LA-ran-DXO) (DXO: 1,5-dioxepan-2-one). Statistical random copolymers of L-LA with CL, TEMC, or DXO were synthesized using Sn(oct)2 as a catalyst at 150°C for 24 h without solvent. Preparation of the controlled-release materials was carried out using essential bark oil from Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae and synthetic L-LA random copolymers as a base material under scCO2. The impregnation experiment, which investigated the influence of pressure, was conducted in the range of 10 to 20 MPa. The influence of temperature on impregnation was carried out at 40°C to 100°C. Impregnation time was varied from 1 to 5 h. The pressure of essential oil impregnated into poly(L-LA) random copolymers was the highest at 14 MPa. In the influence of temperature on impregnation, the amount of essential oil increased with increasing temperature.

D3L(ccy)的属性及分布式Tableaux推理算法的研究

分步式动态描述逻辑(distributed dynamic description logics,D3L)很好地实现了在多个自治本体之间导入和重用知识的思想.在多个动态描述逻辑(dynamic description logics,DDL)本体之间桥规则构成链的情况下,知识并不总是按预期的方式正确传播.借鉴了基于包的描述逻辑(P-DL)的思想,引入了组合一致性语义对D3L进行了扩展从而很好地解决了上述问题.系统地研究了扩展得到的描述逻辑D3L(ccy)的属性及分布式推理理论.证明了该描述逻辑的单调性(D3L(ccy)是一种单调逻辑)、有向性(桥规则的影响具有方向性)及冲突局部性(局部本体的冲突不会传播到整个分布式系统);通过对原有Tableaux推理算法的扩展,为D3L(ccy)提出了分布式Tableaux推理算法并研究了算法的性质,证明了该算法是可终止的、可靠的和完备的.与传统的D3L相比,扩展后的D3L可以为信息集成系统、语义Web等分布式、动态的系统提供更为合理的逻辑基础.

骨质疏松患者EQ⁃5 D⁃5L量表健康相关影响因素分析

目的探讨住院骨质疏松症患者的健康相关生命质量状况及健康效用值,并分析其影响因素。方法以甘肃省人民医院住院骨质疏松症患者为调查对象,收集患者一般资料、检测骨代谢标志物,测量腰椎和髋部骨密度,评估患者跌倒风险、预测骨折、评估生命质量并计算健康效用值。采用Mann⁃Whitney检验及Kruskal⁃Wallis检验进行单因素分析,并用Tobit回归模型分析研究对象生命质量的影响因素。结果最终纳入241名住院骨质疏松症患者为研究对象,健康效用值为0.876(0.728~0.942)。单因素分析显示,年龄、文化程度、跌倒风险、居住地、吸烟、既往用抗骨松药物、低创骨折史、FRAX评分、左髋部T值、钙与骨质疏松患者健康效用值相关(P<0.05);Tobit回归模型结果显示,文化程度高(小学:β=0.119,P=0.043;初中:β=0.113,P=0.044;高中或中专或技校β=0.171,P=0.002)是生命质量的保护因素,跌倒风险高(中风险β=-0.138,P<0.001;高风险β=-0.316,P<0.001)、低创骨折史(β=-0.190,P<0.001)、FRAX评分为高危(β=-0.088,P=0.027)是生命质量的危险因素。结论与普通人群相比,住院骨质疏松症患者健康效用值下降,表明健康相关生命质量差。文化程度低、跌倒风险高、骨折以及FRAX评分高危的患者生命质量较差。为提高患者生命质量,应该加强对该类患者的健康宣教,预防跌倒并积极主动的进行干预,防止骨折及再骨折的发生。

The Syntheses and Properties of Poly(L- Lactide)

Poly (L-lactide) was prepared by bulk polymerization ofL-lactide at 140°C in the presence of stannous octoate. The polymer products were characterized by number average molecular weight Mn, weight average molecular weight Mw and molecular weight distribution MWD (M w/M n) respectively. The results showed that stannous octoate was a high effective catalyst, and coordinated insertion mechanism of the reaction was proposed.

316L不锈钢焦耳热3D打印过程变形量数值分析

针对316L不锈钢焦耳热3D打印成形中的变形问题,采用控制变量的方法,根据不同速度、不同压力和不同电流的变化,总结出不同参数的改变对316L不锈钢焦耳热3D打印过程变形量的影响规律。改变参数后分别截取每一组参数中每一层的第一步和最后一步变形量作为参考数据。结果表明:当电流增大时,变形量也增大;当速度减小时,变形量也随之减小;当压力增大时,变形量也增大。通过对316L不锈钢焦耳热3D打印过程变形量分析,可以准确、有效地总结出材料在各种情况下的变形分布情况,为其在实际生产中的应用提供依据。

Effect of Perturbations in Coriolis and Centrifugal Forces on the Non-Linear Stability of <i>L</i>₄in the Photogravitational Restricted Three Body Problem

Effect of perturbations in Coriolis and centrifugal forces on the non-linear stability of the libration point L4 in the restricted three body problem is studied when both the primaries are axis symmetric bodies (triaxial rigid bodies) and the bigger primary is a source of radiation. Moser’s conditions are utilized in this study by employing the iterative scheme of Henrard for transforming the Hamiltonian to the Birkhoff’s normal form with the help of double D’Alembert’s series. It is found that L4 is stable for all mass ratios in the range of linear stability except for the three mass ratios μc1, μc2 and μc3, which depend upon the perturbations ε1 and ε1 in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces respectively and the parameters A1,A2,A3 and A4 which depend upon the semi-axes a1,b1,c1;a2,b2,c2 of the triaxial rigid bodies and p, the radiation parameter.

A Series of Rare Earth Phenolates Substituted by Alkyl Groups for D,L-Lactide Ring-Opening Polymerization

Single component rare earth phenolates substituted by various alkyl groups have been prepared and the correlation between the aryloxides＇ structure and catalytic activity in the ring-opening polymerization of D,L-lactide has also been investigated.The catalytic activity of all rare earth aryloxides,characteristics of the ring-opening polymerization as well as polymerization kinetics and mechanism were investigated.The results showed that both phenolates＇ catalytic activities and polymerization characteristics changed regularly,keeping in good concordance with variations in substitutents＇ number on phenol and structure of aryloxide ligands.The stronger ability of electron-donation of alkyl groups,the higher catalytic activity.Moreover,the more numbers of substituted alkyl on phenyl ring,the higher catalytic activity.The analyses of polymer ends revealed that the polymerization proceeded via a coordination-acyl-oxygen bond cleavage-insertion mechanism.

NON-ISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION OF POLY(L-LACTIDE)(PLLA) UNDER QUIESCENT AND STEADY SHEAR CONDITIONS

The non-isothermal crystallization of poly（L-lactide） （PLLA） under quiescent and steady shear flow conditions was in situ investigated by using polarizing optical microscopy （POM） with a hot shear stage and wide-angle X-ray diffraction （WAXD）. The shear rate and the cooling rate both play a significant role in the final crystalline morphology and crystallinity. Under quiescent conditions, the morphology assumes different sized spherulites, and its crystallinity dramatically reduces with increasing the cooling rate. On the other hand, the shear flow increases the onset crystallization temperature, and enhances the final crystallinity. When the shear rate is above 5 s^-1, cylindrite-like crystals are observed, furthermore, their content depends on the cooling rate.

Microwave-assisted Polymerization of D,L-Lactide with Stannous Octanoate as Catalyst

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) was synthesized by microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization of D, L-lactide with stannous octanoate (SnOct(2)) as catalyst. Its weight-average molar mass (M-w) ranged from 39000 to 67000 and the polydispersity index from 1.3 to 1.7. The polymerization rate was much faster than that of the conventional thermal polymerization. A degradation of newly formed PLA in reaction mixture by microwave irradiation was observed.

Research in the Degradation and Antifouling Performance of Copolyesters of L-Lactide and ε-Caprolactonen

Block copolyesters of L-lactide and ε-caprolactone were synthesized by melt copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and L-lactide.The degradation performance of copolyesters was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation(QCM-D).Diisocyanate terminated copolyesters could obtain via the reaction of copolyesters and diisocyanate.Diisocyanate terminated copolyesters could react with polyol resin to prepare degradable polyurethane which can be used in antifouling coatings.In this paper,we also discussed the degradation products release action and antifouling performance of the copolyesters film.

NdFeB/316L不锈钢双极板对PEMFC性能的影响

在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)中,双极板起到分配隔离氢气和氧气、支撑膜电极组件(MEA)、收集电子和传递热量的作用。把316L不锈钢粉末与钕铁硼(NdFeB)磁粉均匀掺杂,通过三维(3D)打印制成燃料电池复合金属双极板,钕铁硼磁粉掺杂的质量分数分别为0、20%、35%和50%。通过设置不同励磁强度和温度条件,研究在磁场作用与无磁场作用下PEMFC的工作性能差异。磁场可以优化PEMFC的工作性能。钕铁硼质量分数为50%的316L不锈钢极板燃料电池,工作性能表现较好,相比于未掺杂钕铁硼的316L不锈钢极板燃料电池,最高输出功率密度提高14.03%,极限电流密度提高12.54%。在相同的磁场强度下,钕铁硼质量分数为50%的316L不锈钢极板燃料电池在60℃下的工作性能提升最明显,70℃下的工作性能最高。

Silk Fibroin/Poly-L-lactide Lactone Bi-layered Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration

After removal of the caries or diseased teeth,the alveolar ridge will undergo absorption and atrophy.When the amount of alveolar bone is insufficient,it will cause an inability to perform effective dental implant restoration.In order to control the absorption and promote the repair and regeneration of alveolar ridge,a method of implanting guided bone regeneration(GBR)membranes at the extraction site is often used.In this study,silk fibroin(SF)and poly-L-lactide lactone(PLCL)were used to prepare bilayered guided bone regeneration membranes,and its morphology,hydrophilicity,surface roughness and mechanical properties were studied.At the same time,the drug release behaviors and cell compatibility of the bilayered membranes were studied.The results showed that SF/PLCL bi-layered membranes had good mechanical properties and surface hydrophilicity,and the drug-loaded bi-layered membranes had good cell compatibility.The bilayered membranes fabricated in this study are of potential for applying in the oral health field to promote bone regeneration.