Constructing a stable interface on Ni-rich LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cathode via lactic acid-assisted engineering strategy

Ni-rich layered oxides are potential cathode materials for next-generation high energy density Li-ion batteries due to their high capacity and low cost.However,the inherently unstable surface properties,including high levels of residual Li compounds,dissolution of transition metal cations,and parasitic side reactions,have not been effectively addressed,leading to significant degradation in their electrochemical performance.In this study,we propose a simple and effective lactic acid-assisted interface engineering strategy to regulate the surface chemistry and properties of Ni-rich LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mr_(0.1)O_(2) cathode.This novel surface treatment method successfully eliminates surface residual Li compounds,inhibits structural collapse,and mitigates cathode-electrolyte interface film growth.As a result,the lactic acidtreated LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) achieved a remarkable capacity retention of 91.7% after 100 cycles at 0.5 C(25℃) and outstanding rate capability of 149.5 mA h g^(-1) at 10 C,significantly outperforming the pristine material.Furthermore,a pouch-type full cell incorporating the modified LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cathode demonstrates impressive long-term cycle life,retaining 81.5% of its capacity after 500 cycles at 1 C.More importantly,the thermal stability of the modified cathode is also dramatically improved.This study offers a valuable surface modification strategy for enhancing the overall performance of Ni-rich cathode materials.

Allergen degradation of bee pollen by lactic acid bacteria fermentation and its alleviatory effects on allergic reactions in BALB/c mice

Food allergy as a global health problem threatens food industry.Bee pollen(BP)is a typical food with allergenic potentials,although it performs various nutritional/pharmacological functions to humans.In this study,lactic acid bacteria(LAB)were used to ferment Brassica napus BP for alleviating its allergenicity.Four novel allergens(glutaredoxin,oleosin-B2,catalase and lipase)were identified with significant decreases in LAB-fermented BP(FBP)than natural BP by proteomics.Meanwhile,metabolomics analysis showed significant increases of 28 characteristic oligopeptides and amino acids in FBP versus BP,indicating the degradation of LAB on allergens.Moreover,FBP showed alleviatory effects in BALB/c mice,which relieved pathological symptoms and lowered production of allergic mediators.Microbial high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that FBP could regulate gut microbiota and metabolism to strengthen immunity,which were closely correlated with the alleviation of allergic reactivity.These findings could contribute to the development and utilization of hypoallergenic BP products.

Screening of glucosinolates degrading lactic acid bacteria and their utilization in rapeseed meal fermentation

Rapeseed meal is a promising food ingredient, but its utilization is limited by the presence of some potentially harmful ingredients, such as glucosinolates. Fermentation is a cost-effective method of detoxication but a food-grade starter culture with glucosinolates degradation capacity is required. In this study, 46 strains of lactic acid bacteria from traditional paocai brines were screened for their ability to glucosinolate degradation. The results showed that more than 50% of the strains significantly degraded glucosinolates. Two strains of Lactiplantibacillus(p7 and s7) with high capacity of glucosinolates degradation through producing enzymes were identified. Then,an optimized condition for rapeseed meal fermentation by p7 was established to degrade glucosinolates, which can achieve about 80% degradation. UPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis showed that the degradation rate of individual glucosinolates was different and the degradation rate of gluconapin and progoitrin in rapeseed meal can reach more than 90%. Meanwhile, fermentation with p7 can improve safety of rapeseed meal by inhibiting the growth of Enterobacteriaceae and improve its nutritional properties by degrading phytic acid. The in vitro digestion experiments showed that the content of glucosinolates in rapeseed meal decreased significantly during gastric digestion. Meanwhile, fermentation with p7 can greatly improve the release of soluble protein and increase the contents of free essential amino acids, such as lysine(increased by 12 folds) and methionine(increased by 10 folds).

Preparation of lactic acid bacteria compound starter cultures based on pasting properties and its improvement of glutinous rice flour and dough

The effects of 5 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)fermentation on the pasting properties of glutinous rice flour were compared,and suitable fermentation strains were selected based on the changes of viscosity,setback value,and breakdown value to prepare LAB compound starter cultures.The results revealed that Latilactobacillus sakei HSD004 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HSD005 had apparent advantages in increasing the viscosity and reducing the setback and breakdown values of glutinous rice flour.In particular,the compound starter created using the two abovementioned LAB in the ratio of 3:1 had better performance than that using a single LAB in improving the pasting properties and increasing the water and oil absorption capacity of glutinous rice flour.Moreover,the gelatinization enthalpy of the fermented samples increased significantly.For frozen glutinous rice dough stored for 28 days,the viscoelasticity of frozen dough prepared by compound starter was better than that of control dough,and the freezable water content was lower than that of control dough.These results indicate that compound LAB fermentation is a promising technology in the glutinous rice-based food processing industry,which has significance for its application.

Application of Next Generation Sequencing for Rapid Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria

The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally relies on the isolation and identification of pure colonies.While this method is well-established and widely used,it is not without limitations.The subjective judgment inherent in the isolation and purification process introduces potential for error,and the incomplete nature of the isolation process can result in the loss of valuable information.The advent of next generation sequencing has provided a novel approach to the rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.This technology offers several advantages,including rapidity,accuracy,high throughput,and low cost.Next generation sequencing represents a significant advancement in the field of DNA sequencing.Its ability to rapidly and accurately identify lactic acid bacteria strains in samples with insufficient information or in the presence of multiple lactic acid bacteria sets it apart as a valuable tool.The application of this technology not only circumvents the potential errors inherent in the traditional method but also provides a robust foundation for the expeditious identification of lactic acid bacteria strains and the authentication of bacterial powder in industrial applications.This paper commences with an overview of traditional and molecular biology methods for the identification of lactic acid bacteria.While each method has its own advantages,they are not without limitations in practical application.Subsequently,the paper provides an introduction of the principle,process,advantages,and disadvantages of next generation sequencing,and also details its application in strain identification and rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive and reliable basis for the rapid identification of industrial lactic acid bacteria strains and the authenticity identification of bacterial powder.

Synergism of Zinc Oxide/Organoclay-Loaded Poly(lactic acid) Hybrid Nanocomposite Plasticized by Triacetin for Sustainable Active Food Packaging

The synergistic effect of organoclay(OC)and zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles on the crucial properties of poly(lactic acid)(PLA)nanocompositefilms was systematically investigated herein.After their incorporation into PLA via the solvent casting technique,the water vapor barrier property of the PLA/OC/ZnOfilm improved by a maximum of 86%compared to the neat PLAfilm without the deterioration of Young’s modulus or the tensile strength.Moreover,thefilm’s self-antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens,including gram-negative(Escherichia coli,E.coli)and gram-positive(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus)bacteria,was enhanced by a max-imum of approximately 98–99%compared to the neat PLAfilm.Furthermore,SEM images revealed the homo-geneous dispersion of both nano-fillers in the PLA matrix.However,the thermal stability of thefilm decreased slightly after the addition of the OC and ZnO.Thefilm exhibited notable light barrier properties in the UV-Vis range.Moreover,the incorporation of a suitable biodegradable plasticizer significantly decreased the Tg and notably enhanced theflexibility of the nanocompositefilm by increasing the elongation at break approxi-mately 1.5-fold compared to that of the neat PLAfilm.This contributes to its feasibility as an active food packa-ging material.

Poly(lactic acid)-aspirin microspheres prepared via the traditional and improved solvent evaporation methods and its application performances

Drug-loaded microspheres are significant for the development of modern pharmaceutical products. It is well known that the taken of aspirin for long-term increases the risk of serious gastrointestinal complications, therefore a controllable delivery of aspirin is of importance to lighten those side effects. In this work, poly(lactic acid)(PLA) was chosen as the carrier to prepare PLA-aspirin microspheres by using the traditional and the improved solvent evaporation methods. It was found that no matter which experimental condition was, the encapsulation efficiency of aspirin was higher by using the improved method than that of the traditional method. Specifically, when the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol = 1%(mass),the polymer concentration = 1:20, the oil/water rate = 1:2.5, PLA-aspirin microspheres were obtained via the improved method with a high yield of 82.83%(mass) and an encapsulation efficiency of 44.09%. PLAaspirin microspheres were then prepared continuously using the improved method, which further enhanced the encapsulation efficiency to 54.56%. Approximate 85% aspirin released from microspheres within 7 days. Obvious degradation which was represented by reduction on hardness was observed by soaking microspheres in PBS for 60 days. This work is of interest because it provides a continuous route to prepare PLA-aspirin microspheres continuously with a high drug encapsulation efficiency.

Saikosaponin D improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota-bile acid metabolism pathway

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the main cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.Bupleurum is widely used in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver,and saikosaponin D(SSD)is one of the main active components of Bupleurum.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of SSD in the treatment of NAFLD and to explore the mechanism of SSD in the improvement of NAFLD based on“gut-liver axis”.Our results showed that SSD dose-dependently alleviated high fat diet-induced weight gain in mice,improved insulin sensitivity,and also reduced liver lipid accumulation and injury-related biomarkers aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT).Further exploration found that SSD inhibited the mRNA expression levels of farnesoid X receptor(Fxr),small heterodimer partner(Shp),recombinant fibroblast growth factor 15(Fgf15)and apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter(Asbt)in the intestine,suggesting that SSD improved liver lipid metabolism by inhibiting intestinal FXR signaling.SSD can significantly reduce the gut microbiota associated with bile salt hydrolase(BSH)expression,such as Clostridium.Decreased BSH expression reduced the ratio of unconjugated to conjugated bile acids,thereby inhibiting the intestinal FXR.These data demonstrated that SSD ameliorated NAFLD potentially through the gut microbiota-bile acidintestinal FXR pathway and suggested that SSD is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD.

3D printed lactic acid bacteria hydrogel:cell release kinetics and stability

In this study,a new type of 3 D printed living biological hydrogel was developed by integrating lactic acid bacteria(LAB)into biocompatible and non-toxic polymer materials.Interestingly,the living materials loaded with LAB can be freeze-dried and reused for more than 100 times.The bio-hydrogel can be used to co-culture different LAB and keep its fermentation performance stable in long-term use.The release kinetics model and response surface method were used to simulate and optimize the bacteria release mode in the bio-hydrogel.The results show that the release of bacteria from hydrogel is regulated by the coupling of Fickian diffusion and polymer swelling.The stability of LAB hydrogel was evaluated by reuse experiments.The images of confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscope showed that the bacteria with high cell viability were distributed in the hydrogel and intact structure of the living hydrogel was maintained after 100 times of reuse as yoghurt starter.In conclusion,the 3 D printed LAB bio-hydrogel developed in this study has the advantage of reuse and sustainability,which is expected to open up a new way for the preparation of food culture starter.

Hydrothermal conversion of fructose to lactic acid and derivatives:Synergies of metal and acid/base catalysts

With increasing strict regulation on single-use plastics,lactic acid(LA)and alkyl lactates,as essential monomers for bio-degradable polylactic acid(PLA)plastic products,have gained worldwide attention in both academia and industry.While LA is still dominantly produced through fermentation processes from start,chemical synthesis from cellulosic biomass remains a grand challenge,owing to poor selectivity in activating CAH and CAC bonds in sugar molecules.To our best knowledge,recent publications have been focused on hydrothermal conversion of glucose to LA,while this review summarizes the highlights on direct thermal conversion of fructose as starting material to LA and derivatives.In particular,the synergies of metal/metal cations and acid/base catalysts will be critically revised on retro-aldol and dehydration reactions.This work will provide insights into rational design of active and selective catalysts for the production of carboxylic acids from biomass feedstocks.

Effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk supplementation on ileal microbiota,transcriptomic profile,and mucosal immunity in weaned piglets

Background:Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)participating in milk fermentation naturally release and enrich the fermented dairy product with a broad range of bioactive metabolites,which has numerous roles in the intestinal health-promot-ing of the consumer.However,information is lacking regarding the application prospect of LAB fermented milk in the animal industry.This study investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk(LFM)on the growth performance,intestinal immunity,microbiota composition,and transcriptomic responses in weaned piglets.A total of 24 male weaned piglets were randomly divided into the control(CON)and LFM groups.Each group consisted of 6 replicates(cages)with 2 piglets per cage.Each piglet in the LFM group were supplemented with 80 mL LFM three times a day,while the CON group was treated with the same amount of drinking water.Results:LFM significantly increased the average daily gain of piglets over the entire 14 d(P<0.01)and the average daily feed intake from 7 to 14 d(P<0.05).Compared to the CON group,ileal goblet cell count,villus-crypt ratio,sIgA,and lactate concentrations in the LFM group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of ileal mucosa identified 487 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between two groups.Especially,DEGs involved in the intestinal immune network for IgA production pathways,such as polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(PIGR),were significantly up-regulated(P<0.01)by LFM supplementation.Moreover,trefoil factor 2(TFF2)in the LFM group,one of the DEGs involved in the secretory function of goblet cells,was also significantly up-regulated(P<0.01).Sequenc-ing of the 16S rRNA gene of microbiota demonstrated that LFM led to selective enrichment of lactate-producing and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria in the ileum,such as an increase in the relative abundance of Entero-coccus(P=0.09)and Acetitomaculum(P<0.05).Conclusions:LFM can improve intestinal health and immune tolerance,thus enhancing the growth performance of weaned piglets.The changes in microbiota and metabolites induced by LFM might mediate the regulation of the secretory function of goblet cells.

3D printing of personalized polylactic acid scaffold laden with GelMA/autologous auricle cartilage to promote ear reconstruction

At present,the clinical reconstruction of the auricle usually adopts the strategy of taking autologous costal cartilage.This method has great trauma to patients,poor plasticity and inaccurate shaping.Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has made a great breakthrough in the clinical application of orthopedic implants.This study explored the combination of 3D printing and tissue engineering to precisely reconstruct the auricle.First,a polylactic acid(PLA)polymer scaffold with a precisely customized patient appearance was fabricated,and then auricle cartilage fragments were loaded into the 3D-printed porous PLA scaffold to promote auricle reconstruction.In vitro,gelatin methacrylamide(GelMA)hydrogels loaded with different sizes of rabbit ear cartilage fragments were studied to assess the regenerative activity of various autologous cartilage fragments.In vivo,rat ear cartilage fragments were placed in an accurately designed porous PLA polymer ear scaffold to promote auricle reconstruction.The results indicated that the chondrocytes in the cartilage fragments could maintain the morphological phenotype in vitro.After three months of implantation observation,it was conducive to promoting the subsequent regeneration of cartilage in vivo.The autologous cartilage fragments combined with 3D printing technology show promising potential in auricle reconstruction.

脓毒症患者连续性血液净化治疗前后PCT Trx-1D-Lac表达及意义

目的:探讨脓毒症患者连续性血液净化(CBP)治疗前后血清降钙素原(PCT)、硫氧还蛋白-1(Trx-1)、D-乳酸(D-Lac)水平变化,分析其对CBP疗效的预测价值及临床意义。方法:选取2021年1月至2022年12月本院100例脓毒症患者作为观察组,另遵循1∶1配对原则,选取100例健康体检者作为对照组。统计两组血清PCT、Trx-1、D-Lac水平。观察组接受CBP治疗,依据治疗效果分为存活亚组、死亡亚组。比较不同亚组血清PCT、Trx-1、D-Lac水平、急性生理学与慢性健康状况Ⅱ评分(APACHEⅡ)及治疗前后其变化差值。Pearson分析各血清指标水平变化差值与APACHEⅡ评分相关性。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)及曲线下面积(AUC)分析各血清指标水平变化差值对疗效的预测价值。采用卡普兰-迈耶(Kaplan-Meier)分析不同血清表达者28d内生存状况。结果:观察组血清PCT、Trx-1、D-Lac水平高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1周后,死亡亚组血清PCT、Trx-1、D-Lac水平及APACHEⅡ评分高于存活亚组,且变化差值小于存活亚组(P<0.05);各血清指标水平变化差值与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(P<0.05);各血清指标水平变化差值联合预测CBP疗效的AUC分别大于单一指标预测、各血清指标联合预测(P<0.05);PCT、Trx-1、D-Lac水平变化差值高表达者死亡风险分别是低表达的4.828、3.600、2.318倍,且生存率高于低表达者(P<0.05)。结论:脓毒症患者CBP治疗前后血清PCT、Trx-1、D-Lac水平变化可反映病情严重程度,且与28d内生存情况密切相关,联合检测其变化差值对CBP疗效具有一定预测价值。

Selective oxidation of glycerol to lactic acid over activated carbon supported Pt catalyst in alkaline solution

Pt/activated carbon （Pt/AC） catalyst combined with base works efficiently for lactic acid production from glycerol under mild conditions. Base type （LiOH, NaOH, KOH, or Ba（OH）2） and base/glycerol molar ratio significantly affected the catalytic performance. The corresponding lactic acid selectivity was in the order of LiOH〉NaOH〉KOH〉Ba（OH）2. An increase in LiOH/glycerol molar ratio ele‐vated the glycerol conversion and lactic acid selectivity to some degree, but excess LiOH inhibited the transformation of glycerol to lactic acid. In the presence of Pt/AC catalyst, the maximum selec‐tivity of lactic acid was 69.3% at a glycerol conversion of 100% after 6 h at 90 °C, with a Li‐OH/glycerol molar ratio of 1.5. The Pt/AC catalyst was recycled five times and was found to exhibit slightly decreased glycerol conversion and stable lactic acid selectivity. In addition, the experimental results indicated that reaction intermediate dihydroxyacetone was more favorable as the starting reagent for lactic acid formation than glyceraldehyde. However, the Pt/AC catalyst had adverse effects on the intermediate transformation to lactic acid, because it favored the catalytic oxidation of them to glyceric acid.

肠脂肪酸结合蛋白和D-乳酸在早期诊断嵌顿疝肠坏死中的应用研究

目的:探讨肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(I-FABP)和D-乳酸(D-LAC)早期诊断嵌顿疝肠坏死的价值。方法:选取36只SD大鼠,实验组(n=18)制作嵌顿疝动物模型,对照组(n=18)未制作。在术后30 min、2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h,采用ELISA检测两组血清D-LAC和I-FABP的水平;RT-qPCR鉴定嵌顿疝肠管组织中I-FABP的表达。通过嵌顿肠管大体标本、苏木素伊红(HE)染色和Chiu’s评分判定肠坏死情况。结果:与对照组相比,实验组在术后6 h时嵌顿肠管大体标本和HE染色呈典型肠绞窄表现,Chiu’s评分有统计学意义(P=0.001),血D-LAC明显升高(P=0.002);8 h时肠管逐渐向肠坏死过渡,血D-LAC进一步升高(P=0.012),血I-FABP也明显升高(P=0.001),并且肠组织中的I-FABP表达明显升高(P=0.002)。12 h时肠管呈现明显肠坏死特征、Chiu’s评分有统计学意义(P=0.001),血D-LAC和I-FABP均升至最高[(2019.60±16.17)μg/L vs(273.18±14.63)μg/L,P=0.001;(1210.94±5.96)μg/L vs(220.46±9.63)μg/L,P=0.001];肠管组织中的I-FABP表达最高[(8.20±0.60)μg/L vs(1.13±0.16)μg/L,P=0.001]。结论:嵌顿疝大鼠血清I-FABP和D-LAC水平升高,为早期诊断嵌顿疝肠管坏死的临床研究提供了依据。

高光纯D-乳酸生产菌株假肠膜明串珠菌HL64-1的分离鉴定及其发酵特性

从自然界中筛选分离产酸菌是获得高光学纯度乳酸生产菌株有效的途径之一。从腐烂果实中分离获得一株产高光学纯度D-乳酸菌株HL64-1,经形态学、16S rDNA序列分析、序列相似性Blast比对分析鉴定为假肠膜明串珠菌(Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides)。在基础发酵培养基中摇瓶发酵24 h,产D-乳酸的量达到62.18 g/L,产酸速率达2.59 g/(L·h),光学纯度达99.90%(ee);在5 L发酵罐中放大培养,通过补加碳源,发酵72 h,D-乳酸产量达到78.74 g/L,平均产酸速率达1.09 g/(L·h)。该菌株可以有效利用农业副产物花生饼粉和棉籽粉作为替代氮源以降低发酵原料成本。该菌还可利用木糖产生D-乳酸,且葡萄糖能显著提高木糖的利用效率,极具工业应用前景。

社区H型高血压患者药物基因作用靶点多态性分布及叶酸联合维生素D干预效果研究

背景H型高血压严重影响着人们的健康及生活质量,目前临床上治疗高血压主要根据患者症状和临床经验选择药物,降压效果不理想,急需探寻降压药物基因分布的多态性,为高血压患者进行个体化用药指导。目的探讨济南市社区H型高血压药物作用靶点基因多态性分布及叶酸联合维生素D的干预作用,为该地区开展高血压医防融合精准医疗提供参考依据。方法2020年6月—2022年6月随机抽取山东省济南市槐荫区20家街道办事处社区卫生服务中心200例血压控制不佳的高血压患者为研究对象,治疗前首先进行5类常用抗高血压药物[利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)、钙离子通道抑制剂(CCB)、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)]相关高血压个体化用药基因位点的基因多态性检测。将患者随机分为基因导向治疗组(基因组)与基因导向协同叶酸、维生素D治疗组(基因导向组),每组100例。基因组根据检测的高血压基因作用位点的特点调整用药;基因导向组在基因组治疗方案的基础上同时服用叶酸、维生素D。干预初始(M0)、干预3个月(M3)、干预6个月(M6)时采集患者晨间未服用降压药物情况下坐位收缩压和舒张压。记录患者患病情况、不良反应发生情况、脑卒中发生情况,进行基因测序,检测血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度。采用Pearson相关性分析或Spearman秩相关分析探究性别、年龄、收缩压、舒张压与Hcy的相关性。结果研究对象性别(r_(s)=-0.463)、收缩压(r=0.181)、舒张压(r=0.188)与Hcy水平有相关性(P<0.05)。5类抗高血压药物基因作用靶点中,与药物代谢酶基因多态性位点相关的分别是CYP3A5(A6986G)、CYP2C9(c.1075A>C)、CYP2D6(c.100C>T),与药物作用靶点敏感性基因多态性位点相关的是ADRB1、ACEI(I/D)、AGTR1、NPPA。基因组A6986G:CYP3A5*1/*1(AA)、ACEI(I/D):D/D、c.100 C>T:CYP2D6*1/*1(CC)患者M3、M6舒张压低于M0,A6986G:CYP3A5a1/a3(AG)、ADRB1 c.1165 G>C:GG、c.1075 A>C:CYP2C9*1/*3(AC)、c.1075 A>C:CYP2C9*3/*3(CC)患者M6舒张压低于M0,A6986G:CYP3A5*3/*3(GG)、ADRB1 c.1165 G>C:CC、ACEI(I/D):I/I、c.1075 A>C:CYP2C9*1/*1(AA)、AGTR1 c.1166 A>C:AA、NPPA T2238C:TT、c.100 C>T:CYP2D6*10/*10(TT)患者M3、M6收缩压、舒张压低于M0,ADRB1 c.1165 G>C:GC、ACEI(I/D):I/D、c.100 C>T:CYP2D6*1/*10(CT)患者M6收缩压低于M0,M3、M6舒张压低于M0,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Hcy水平组间比较结果显示,M3、M6基因导向组Hcy水平低于基因组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组内比较结果显示,基因组M6 Hcy水平低于M0,基因导向组M3、M6 Hcy水平低于M0,M6 Hcy水平低于M3,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。收缩压、舒张压组间比较结果显示,M3、M6基因导向组收缩压、舒张压低于基因组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组内比较结果显示,基因组、基因导向组M6收缩压、舒张压低于M0,M6收缩压低于M3,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社区H型高血压患者中存在高血压药物相关基因多态性的表达差异,个体化用药效果显著;叶酸联合维生素D协同治疗更能显著降低H型高血压水平。

PEDV乳酸菌工程菌株对小鼠的免疫效果研究

本研究以引起猪流行性腹泻的猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)为研究目标,利用含有PEDV S基因的植物乳杆菌活载体菌株LP1522-PEDS口服免疫小鼠,应用ELISA试验检测免疫小鼠粪便中SIgA含量、血清中IgG、IL-4、IL-2和IFN-γ含量,评价乳酸菌重组菌株LP1522-PEDS对小鼠的免疫效果。结果表明,首次免疫后,商品灭活疫苗组和工程菌株免疫组粪便中的SIgA、血清中的IgG、IL-4、IL-2和IFN-γ含量较对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。在免疫42~56 d,灭活疫苗组和重组菌株组抗体水平均达到最大值,抗体和免疫因子水平依次为:商品灭活疫苗组>LP1522-PEDS组>空载组≈对照组。随后商品灭活疫苗组、LP1522-PEDS组抗体和免疫因子水平逐渐下降。免疫70 d,商品灭活疫苗组抗体水平降幅度相对较小,工程菌株免疫组降幅较大。结果表明,小鼠口服携带PEDV S基因的基因工程植物乳杆菌LP1522-PEDS后能够诱导机体产生PEDV免疫应答。

首次复治菌阳肺结核合并糖尿病患者血清IAP、25(OH)D水平及对疗效的预测价值

目的探讨首次复治菌阳肺结核(TB)合并糖尿病(DM)患者血清免疫抑制酸性蛋白(IAP)、25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]表达变化及2者对治疗疗效的预测价值。方法选取本院2019年1月至2022年4月首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者48例为实验组,另选同期单纯TB患者48例为对照组。测定并比较两组患者治疗前后血清IAP、25(OH)D水平;多因素Logistic回归分析影响菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌阴转的可能因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估IAP、25(OH)D对患者痰菌未转阴的预测价值。结果实验组痰菌阴转患者31例(64.58%)显著低于对照组痰菌阴转患者40例(83.33%)。治疗2个月后,实验组、对照组血清IAP均显著降低,25(OH)D水平均显著升高(P<0.05);且治疗2个月后实验组血清IAP水平显著低于对照组,25(OH)D水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,IAP高水平是首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌未阴转的危险因素(P<0.05),25(OH)D高水平是首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌未阴转的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,IAP预测痰菌未阴转的AUC为0.719,25(OH)D预测痰菌未阴转的AUC为0.791,2者联合预测痰菌未阴转的AUC为0.871,明显高于2者单独诊断(Z_(联合vs IAP)=2.605、P=0.009;Z_(联合vs 25(OH)D)=2.408、P=0.016),且灵敏度、特异性分别为78.46%、82.86%。结论首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者经治疗后血清IAP水平降低、25(OH)D水平升高,2者联合对菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌未阴转具有一定预测价值。

3D打印工艺参数对PLA/PTW共混物力学性能影响的研究

采用3D打印中的熔融沉积成型(FDM)工艺制备了聚乳酸/乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物(PLA/PTW),通过单因素实验探究了3D打印工艺参数(喷头温度、打印平台温度和打印速度)对PLA/PTW共混物力学性能的影响,并在此基础上设计了三因素三水平正交实验,优化了3D打印的工艺参数。结果表明,共混物的冲击强度和拉伸强度均随喷头温度的增加呈现先上升后下降、均随打印平台温度的增加而增加、均随打印速度的增加出现下降的趋势。各工艺参数对PLA/PTW共混物综合力学性能的影响从大到小依次为:喷头温度、打印速度、打印平台温度,且当喷头温度为210℃、打印平台温度为80℃以及打印速度为40 mm/s时,打印出的PLA/PTW共混物的综合力学性能最佳。