An adaptive finite-difference method for seismic traveltime modeling based on 3D eikonal equation

3D eikonal equation is a partial differential equation for the calculation of first-arrival traveltimes and has been widely applied in many scopes such as ray tracing,source localization,reflection migration,seismic monitoring and tomographic imaging.In recent years,many advanced methods have been developed to solve the 3D eikonal equation in heterogeneous media.However,there are still challenges for the stable and accurate calculation of first-arrival traveltimes in 3D strongly inhomogeneous media.In this paper,we propose an adaptive finite-difference(AFD)method to numerically solve the 3D eikonal equation.The novel method makes full use of the advantages of different local operators characterizing different seismic wave types to calculate factors and traveltimes,and then the most accurate factor and traveltime are adaptively selected for the convergent updating based on the Fermat principle.Combined with global fast sweeping describing seismic waves propagating along eight directions in 3D media,our novel method can achieve the robust calculation of first-arrival traveltimes with high precision at grid points either near source point or far away from source point even in a velocity model with large and sharp contrasts.Several numerical examples show the good performance of the AFD method,which will be beneficial to many scientific applications.

AHermitian C^(2) Differential Reproducing Kernel Interpolation Meshless Method for the 3D Microstructure-Dependent Static Flexural Analysis of Simply Supported and Functionally Graded Microplates

This work develops a Hermitian C^(2) differential reproducing kernel interpolation meshless(DRKIM)method within the consistent couple stress theory(CCST)framework to study the three-dimensional(3D)microstructuredependent static flexural behavior of a functionally graded(FG)microplate subjected to mechanical loads and placed under full simple supports.In the formulation,we select the transverse stress and displacement components and their first-and second-order derivatives as primary variables.Then,we set up the differential reproducing conditions(DRCs)to obtain the shape functions of the Hermitian C^(2) differential reproducing kernel(DRK)interpolant’s derivatives without using direct differentiation.The interpolant’s shape function is combined with a primitive function that possesses Kronecker delta properties and an enrichment function that constituents DRCs.As a result,the primary variables and their first-and second-order derivatives satisfy the nodal interpolation properties.Subsequently,incorporating ourHermitianC^(2)DRKinterpolant intothe strong formof the3DCCST,we develop a DRKIM method to analyze the FG microplate’s 3D microstructure-dependent static flexural behavior.The Hermitian C^(2) DRKIM method is confirmed to be accurate and fast in its convergence rate by comparing the solutions it produces with the relevant 3D solutions available in the literature.Finally,the impact of essential factors on the transverse stresses,in-plane stresses,displacements,and couple stresses that are induced in the loaded microplate is examined.These factors include the length-to-thickness ratio,the material length-scale parameter,and the inhomogeneity index,which appear to be significant.

A novel box-counting method for quantitative fractal analysis of threedimensional pore characteristics in sandstone

Fractal theory offers a powerful tool for the precise description and quantification of the complex pore structures in reservoir rocks,crucial for understanding the storage and migration characteristics of media within these rocks.Faced with the challenge of calculating the three-dimensional fractal dimensions of rock porosity,this study proposes an innovative computational process that directly calculates the three-dimensional fractal dimensions from a geometric perspective.By employing a composite denoising approach that integrates Fourier transform(FT)and wavelet transform(WT),coupled with multimodal pore extraction techniques such as threshold segmentation,top-hat transformation,and membrane enhancement,we successfully crafted accurate digital rock models.The improved box-counting method was then applied to analyze the voxel data of these digital rocks,accurately calculating the fractal dimensions of the rock pore distribution.Further numerical simulations of permeability experiments were conducted to explore the physical correlations between the rock pore fractal dimensions,porosity,and absolute permeability.The results reveal that rocks with higher fractal dimensions exhibit more complex pore connectivity pathways and a wider,more uneven pore distribution,suggesting that the ideal rock samples should possess lower fractal dimensions and higher effective porosity rates to achieve optimal fluid transmission properties.The methodology and conclusions of this study provide new tools and insights for the quantitative analysis of complex pores in rocks and contribute to the exploration of the fractal transport properties of media within rocks.

Optimized air-ground data fusion method for mine slope modeling

Refined 3D modeling of mine slopes is pivotal for precise prediction of geological hazards.Aiming at the inadequacy of existing single modeling methods in comprehensively representing the overall and localized characteristics of mining slopes,this study introduces a new method that fuses model data from Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)tilt photogrammetry and 3D laser scanning through a data alignment algorithm based on control points.First,the mini batch K-Medoids algorithm is utilized to cluster the point cloud data from ground 3D laser scanning.Then,the elbow rule is applied to determine the optimal cluster number(K0),and the feature points are extracted.Next,the nearest neighbor point algorithm is employed to match the feature points obtained from UAV tilt photogrammetry,and the internal point coordinates are adjusted through the distanceweighted average to construct a 3D model.Finally,by integrating an engineering case study,the K0 value is determined to be 8,with a matching accuracy between the two model datasets ranging from 0.0669 to 1.0373 mm.Therefore,compared with the modeling method utilizing K-medoids clustering algorithm,the new modeling method significantly enhances the computational efficiency,the accuracy of selecting the optimal number of feature points in 3D laser scanning,and the precision of the 3D model derived from UAV tilt photogrammetry.This method provides a research foundation for constructing mine slope model.

前维生素D相对校正因子的研究及测定

目的:测定前维生素D相对校正因子,简化维生素D含量测定的计算方法。方法:通过对各国药品标准中维生素D含量计算方法的研究,采用HPLC法测定前维生素D相对校正因子,并对测定的影响因素进行了考察。结果:统计了国内7家实验室的前维生素D相对校正因子的测定结果,确定了254 nm和265 nm 2个波长下的前维生素D相对校正因子。结论:采用前维生素D相对校正因子法计算维生素D的总量,简化了实验步骤,避免了随机操作误差。该方法快速、准确,为进一步提高维生素D制剂标准奠定了基础。

基于D-分割法的直流变换器遗传自抗扰控制器设计

针对光伏发电系统中DC-DC变换器由于负载和工作环境条件变化等扰动引起的输出波动问题,提出一种基于D-分割法的直流变换器遗传自抗扰控制器(ADRC)设计方法。该方法适用于设计光伏发电领域中的双向DC-DC变换器,采用D-分割法获得满足闭环系统鲁棒稳定的ADRC控制器参数范围;利用具有全局寻优能力的遗传算法,按综合性能指标在该范围内进行参数寻优。实验结果表明,所提基于D-分割法的直流变换器遗传自抗扰控制器设计方法能有效抑制微网母线侧的电压波动和负载突变,提高控制器的鲁棒性,增强光伏发电系统的动态响应性能和抗干扰能力。

基于“一维系统+三维CFD”耦合方法的快堆非能动余热排出系统自然循环特性的数值模拟

池式快堆采用了新型非能动堆内直接余热排出(DRACS)方式,提升了快堆的安全性。目前针对池式快堆自然循环开展的数值模拟研究中,系统程序难以准确预测池内复杂自然循环路径,难以准确模拟池内三维热工水力现象,如果采用三维CFD计算建模及网格划分难度较高,且所需计算资源较大。为此本文开发了“一维系统+三维CFD”耦合方法,用于快堆非能动余热排出系统自然循环特性计算分析。利用日本大型钠回路实验台架(PLANDTL)DRACS自然循环模式对该耦合方法进行验证,稳态工况关键位置参数相对误差小于3%,瞬态工况关键位置参数与实验值变化趋势吻合较好,相对误差小于10%,验证了该耦合方法的适用性和准确性。利用该耦合方法,开展了中国实验快堆(CEFR)自然循环及余热排出特性计算分析,识别了池内自然循环流动路径,揭示了池内温度分层以及盒间流现象。本文方法可为大型钠冷快堆自然循环三维瞬态特性分析提供重要数值方法。

单圈图的D(2)-点和可区别全染色

图G的D(2)-点和可区别全染色是指在图G的一个正常全染色φ下,G中任意两个距离不超过2的顶点u,v,其色集合中所有颜色数之和互不相同.使得G有一个k-D(2)-点和可区别全染色的最小整数k,称为图G的D(2)-点和可区别全色数.文中应用组合零点定理和权转移方法刻画了单圈图的D(2)-点和可区别全染色,并得到其D(2)-点和可区别全色数.

基于D-S证据理论改进AHP-熵权的流域洪涝灾害评估研究

考虑致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境敏感性以及承灾体易损性,选取指标构建小清河流域洪涝灾害风险评估指标体系,提出一种基于D-S证据理论的改进AHP-熵权法计算指标权重,求取洪涝灾害风险指数,运用自然断点分级法确定洪涝灾害风险等级,分析小清河流域洪涝灾害风险空间分布情况。结果表明:小清河流域洪涝灾害风险总体上表现出南低北高的趋势,其中高风险区和较高风险区分别占流域面积的8.7%和14.3%,主要分布在小清河干流以及主要支流两岸。所得评估结果同“利奇马”台风发生期间实际洪灾风险分布情况一致,对比证明基于D-S证据理论的改进AHP-熵权法优于AHP和熵权法,可为小清河流域防洪减灾决策提供依据。

基于改进D*Lite⁃APF算法的巡检机器人路径规划

针对巡检机器人在动态场景下路径规划存在非全局最优、路径不平滑及局部避障效果不佳的问题,提出一种将改进D*Lite算法和人工势场法融合的算法。首先优化D*Lite算法启发代价函数,提升规划效率,并引入Dubins曲线平滑生成的全局路径;其次改进人工势场法势场函数并添加随机半径扰动点,解决局部碰撞问题,提高避障性能;最后将两种优化算法有效融合,实现全局规划和局部避障。仿真实验结果表明,相较于单一D*Lite算法,融合算法在路径长度、时间花销、路径拐点及扩展节点数方面均表现更优,能在确保全局路径最优的情况下有效避障。

基于D-D中子源开展^(238)U样品屏蔽积分实验研究

利用中国原子能科学研究院的中子学屏蔽积分实验装置,通过飞行时间法分别测量了D-D中子源与不同尺寸^(238)U样品作用后在60°和120°的泄漏中子谱,样品表面积为30 cm×30 cm的板状样品,厚度分别为3、6和9 cm。利用蒙特卡罗程序对泄漏中子谱进行了模拟计算,其中^(238)U数据分别采用CENDL-3.2库、ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0库、JENDL-5.0库和JEFF-3.3库中的数据。通过对模拟结果与实验结果的比较,重点分析了CENDL-3.2库中^(238)U数据存在的不足和需要改进之处,结果表明:在裂变反应能区内,CENDL-3.2库计算结果与实验结果符合较好,但在弹性散射能区60°和120°均有较大的高估,尤其是120°,而在裂变反应和分立能级非弹性散射的混合能区1.5~2.5 MeV又有明显低估。

Numerical Study of the Biomechanical Behavior of a 3D Printed Polymer Esophageal Stent in the Esophagus by BP Neural Network Algorithm

Esophageal disease is a common disorder of the digestive system that can severely affect the quality of life andprognosis of patients. Esophageal stenting is an effective treatment that has been widely used in clinical practice.However, esophageal stents of different types and parameters have varying adaptability and effectiveness forpatients, and they need to be individually selected according to the patient’s specific situation. The purposeof this study was to provide a reference for clinical doctors to choose suitable esophageal stents. We used 3Dprinting technology to fabricate esophageal stents with different ratios of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/(Poly-ε-caprolactone) PCL polymer, and established an artificial neural network model that could predict the radial forceof esophageal stents based on the content of TPU, PCL and print parameter. We selected three optimal ratios formechanical performance tests and evaluated the biomechanical effects of different ratios of stents on esophagealimplantation, swallowing, and stent migration processes through finite element numerical simulation and in vitrosimulation tests. The results showed that different ratios of polymer stents had different mechanical properties,affecting the effectiveness of stent expansion treatment and the possibility of postoperative complications of stentimplantation.

3D forward modeling and response characteristics of low-resistivity overburden of the CFS-PML absorbing boundary for ground-well transient electromagnetic method

This study used the stable and convergent Dufort-Frankel method to differentially discretize the diffusion equation of the ground-well transient electromagnetic secondary field.The absorption boundary condition of complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer(CFS-PML)was used for truncation so that the low-frequency electromagnetic wave can be better absorbed at the model boundary.A typical three-dimensional(3D)homogeneous half-space model was established and a low-resistivity cube model was analyzed under the half-space condition.The response patterns and drivers of the low-resistivity cube model were discussed under the influence of a low-resistivity overburden.The absorption boundary conditions of CFS-PML significantly affected the low-frequency electromagnetic waves.For a low-resistivity cube around the borehole,its response curve exhibited a single-peak,and the extreme point of the curve corresponded to the center of the low-resistivity body.When the low-resistivity cube was directly below the borehole,the response curve showed three extreme values(two high and one low),with the low corresponding to the center of the low-resistivity body.The total field response of the low-resistivity overburden was stronger than that of the uniform half-space model due to the low-resistivity shielding effect of electromagnetic waves.When the receiving-transmitting distance gradually increased,the effect of the low-resistivity overburden was gradually weakened,and the response of the low-resistivity cube was strengthened.It was affected by the ratio of the overburden resistivity to the resistivity of the low-resistivity body.

基于深度学习和MOEA/D的高升力翼型气动优化设计

【目的】针对翼型优化气动参数间性能冲突问题,提出一种基于深度学习和MOEA/D相结合的混合优化模型,将卷积神经网络、遗传算法内插到MOEA/D框架之中,用于权衡各目标函数之间的相关性和复杂度。【方法】首先,尝试将深度学习方法作为常规流体力学分析方法的补充,建立高可信度的翼型气动特性CNN响应预测模型,用于快速评估翼型的气动参数;然后将响应模型、遗传算子内插到MOEA/D框架之中,构建基于MOEA/D的多目标混合优化模型,并以NACA某5位数高升力翼型巡航工况下的升阻比和力矩系数为优化目标,对其进行测试。【结果】结果表明:利用该混合模型可以高效地在设计空间内获得连续的Pareto前沿解,最后对获得的Pareto前沿面翼型进行气动性能和流场结构分析,研究不同翼型构型在前沿面的分布规律,进一步指导设计者在翼型选型中挖掘潜在的基础翼型。

基于D-D源的三探头中子孔隙度测井探测响应分析

随着油气勘探进程持续推进,低孔隙度储层越发受到关注,具备更高孔隙度灵敏度的D-D源中子测井存在良好应用前景,为了进一步探索其兼顾中子孔隙度测量灵敏度与化学源测量兼容性的可能性,提出一种基于D-D源的三探头中子孔隙度测井设计并开展分析。为探究D-D源中子孔隙度测量响应特征,利用蒙特卡罗方法,基于三探头测井仪器的基本构成,研究了探测器源距设计,并提出利用测量的近远热中子计数比、中远热中子计数比这2组比值分别表征地层孔隙度,同时对D-D源中子孔隙度测井的地层探测能力与地层测量响应进行了综合分析。研究表明:三探头D-D源中子孔隙度测井仪器探测深度稍浅、纵向分辨率较高;近远热中子计数比值响应表现出更高地层孔隙度灵敏度,低孔隙度地层情况下测得的孔隙度变化效果良好;中远热中子计数比值响应泥岩效应较强,虽无法与化学源测量结果兼容,但在纯岩性及含泥质地层与其较高程度接近。该文研究为D-D源中子孔隙度测井仪器测量应用提供了一定参考。

Effect of heterogeneity on mechanical and micro-seismic behaviors of sandstone subjected to multi-level cyclic loading: A discrete element method investigation

In numerical simulation of the mechanical responses and acoustic emission(AE)characteristics of rocks under cyclic loading,the impacts of compositional heterogeneities of mineral grains have barely been considered.This will lead to a poor reproduction of rock’s behaviors in terms of stress-strain relationship and micro-seismic characteristics in numerical simulation.This work aims to analyze and reveal the impact of parameter heterogeneity on the rock’s fatigue and micro-seismic properties based on PFC3D.Two distribution patterns(uniform and Weibull distributions),are implemented to assign four critical parameters(i.e.tensile strength,cohesion,parallel bond stiffness and linear stiffness)for 32 sets of numerical schemes.The results show that the models with high heterogeneity of tensile strength and cohesion can better reproduce the stress-strain relationship as well as the patterns of cumulative AE counts and energy magnitude.The evolution of the proportion of three-level AE events in the laboratory test is consistent with the numerical results when the highly heterogeneous tensile strength and cohesion are distributed.The numerical results can provide practical guidance to the PFC-based modeling of rock heterogeneity when exposed to multi-level cyclic loading and AE monitoring.

均相酶免疫法检测血清维生素D含量的性能验证

目的建立均相酶免疫法测定末梢血25-羟维生素D(25(OH)D)的方法。方法采用苏州博源医疗生产的均相酶法总25-羟维生素D检测试剂,验证其正确度、精密度、线性范围、可报告范围、灵敏度、方法比对及干扰试验等分析性能指标。结果四个不同浓度(8.00 ng/mL,17.50 ng/mL,35.00 ng/mL,70.00 ng/mL)25(OH)D校准品的偏倚分别为0.44%、-1.91%、1.51%和-0.23%;低值、高值血清样品的批内精密度和总精密度分别为2.22%、1.69%和2.42%、2.52%,小于厂商声明的1/4 TEa(6.25%)和1/3 TEa(8.33%);线性范围为8.0~70 ng/mL,可报告范围上限为210 ng/mL;分析灵敏度符合厂商声明标准(2.9 ng/mL)。方法学比对收集110例临床血清样品,分别使用均相酶免疫法(试验方法,Y)与罗氏发光(参比方法,X)的25(OH)D试剂进行检测,Deming回归方程为Y=0.9988X-0.8575,R2=0.9281。结论均相酶免疫法检测总25-羟维生素D试剂各项分析验证均符合要求,性能良好,满足临床应用要求。

D-半乳糖在实验性白内障模型中的应用研究

白内障是由于晶状体代谢紊乱引起的常见眼科疾病,可导致视力障碍或失明,其发生发展受多种因素影响,其中年龄是最主要的因素。目前药物治疗仅针对早期白内障有延缓作用,但对于发展到中晚期影响视力的白内障仍需手术治疗。因此建立实验性白内障模型,探索合适的药物预防和治疗白内障至关重要。D-半乳糖已广泛应用于衰老动物模型研究,常被用于糖尿病性白内障和年龄相关性白内障的模型。文章对D-半乳糖诱导白内障模型的发病机制、造模方法以及造模成功的评定标准进行阐述,以期指导白内障防治相关的实验性研究。

基于D-H参数的六轴机器人运动学分析与仿真

将六轴协作机器人作为研究目标,对其进行了运动学分析,并通过D-H参数法实现了机器人的运动学研究与模拟,同时利用机器人的尺寸图与结构图建立连杆坐标系并形成了相关的参数表,在相同关节角度上分别通过正、逆运动理论与MATLAB模型中的方法实现了机器人末端的姿态计算与模型的正确性检验。通过蒙特卡洛算法可以计算出机器人的空间点云图,通过MATLAB工具包可以计算出机器人末端节点的位置、速度和加速度的拟合曲线。

基于D-H法的农业采摘机器人运动协作控制系统设计

为提升农业采摘机器人运动协作控制性能,降低机器人碰撞概率,利用D-H法优化设计机器人运动协作控制系统;改装位置、力矩以及碰撞传感器设备,优化运动协作控制器与驱动器,调整系统通信模块结构,完成硬件系统的优化;利用D-H法构建农业采摘机器人数学模型,在该模型下,利用传感器设备实现机器人实时位姿的量化描述,通过机器人采摘流程的模拟,分配机器人运动协作任务,从位置和姿态等多个方面,确定运动协作控制目标,经过受力分析求解机器人实际作用力,最终通过控制量的计算,实现农业采摘机器人的运动协作控制功能;通过系统测试实验得出结论:所提方法控制下机器人位置、姿态角和作用力的控制误差分别为14 mm、0.2°和1.2 N,在优化设计系统控制下,机器人的碰撞次数得到明显降低。