Voice and Heart of Darkness:Centrality and Discourse in Colonialism

My essay on Heart of Darkness explores Conrad’s dramatization of the voice and heart dynamic in the novella as a penetration of the deep-lying rationale of colonial operation and more generally the human condition at the turn of the 20th century.Three different forms of assumed centrality in the novella-capital,Eurocentrism,and the African interior as detrimental void symbolized by the heart of darkness form concentric circles that interconnect and work in concert as the core colonial ideology and produce a sense of incongruity and absurdity.The voice of this colonial ideological apparatus disguised as the universal subject of humanity and rationality finds its best expression in the eloquence of Kurtz,the specimen of culture seduced by its very opposite-the wilderness-right in the heart of darkness.“The horror”,as his final verdict of life as a European with real intent of living on his own terms at the turn of the 20th century,sums up the predicament of a civilization with too much culture and self-absorption for its own good.

Comparison between the Theme of Heart of Darkness and Lord of the Flies

With the discouraging, and horrifying descriptions, Conrad and Golding unanimously present the universal subject matter that at his heart, man is an evil, vicious, and"fallen"being. Furthermore, human being is just susceptible to his own sinister nature. Both Heart of Darkness and Lord of the Flies imply that every man has an evil heart of darkness which is more often than not drowned out by the glow of civilization.

Maintained Exposure to Spring Water but Not Double Distilled Water in Darkness and Thixotropic Conditions to Weak (~1 µT) Temporally Patterned Magnetic Fields Shift Photon Spectroscopic Wavelengths: Effects of Different Shielding Materials

Spring water but not double-distilled water was exposed, in darkness, to a temporally patterned weak magnetic field that has been shown to affect planarian behavior and slow the rate of cancer cell proliferation. Exposure to the magnetic field caused a reliable shift in the peak (longer) wave-length of ~10 nm for fluorescence emissions and a ~20% increase (~100 counts) in fluorescence intensity. Spectral analyses verified a shift of 5 and 10 nm, equivalent to ~1.5 × 10-20 J “periodicity” across the measured wavelengths, which could reflect a change in the an intrinsic energy as predicted by Del Giudice and Preparata and could correspond to two lengths of O-H bonds. Wrapping the water sample containers during exposure with copper foil, aluminum foil, or plastic altered these fluorescent profiles. The most conspicuous effect was the elimination of a ~280 nm peak in the UV-VIS emission spectra only for samples wrapped with copper foil but not aluminum or plastic. These results suggest that weak magnetic fields produce alterations in the water-ionic complexes sufficient to be reliably measured by spectrophotometry. Because the effect was most pronounced when the spring water was exposed in darkness and was not disturbed the role of thixotropic phenomena and Del Giudice entrapment of magnetic fields within coherent domains of Pollack virtual exclusion zones (EZ) may have set the conditions for subsequent release of the energy as photons.

The Conflicts Between Primitiveness and Civilization:an Analysis of Heart of Darkness

Heart of Darkness, a chilling tale of horror set in the Congo during the period of rapid colonial expansion in the 19th century written by the renowned British novelist Joseph Conrad, is a world famous novella. Since its publication, it remains an indisputably classic text and arguably Conrad's finest work. And it has been regarded as a significant text in British literature because of its modernistic features, innovative narration and artistic style. Heart of Darkness deals with the highly disturbing effects of economic, social and political exploitation of European and African societies. It has inspired filmmakers and such authors as F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gabriel Garica Marquez, D. H. Lawrence and Virginia,Woolf. This article is aimed to analyse it from the perspective of primitiveness and civilization. Through the analysis, readers can sense Conrad's attitude towards the two aspects.

Variation of carbon partitioning in newly expanded maize leaves and plant adaptive growth under extended darkness

Plants must maintain a balance between their carbon(C)supply and utilization during the day–night cycle for continuous growth since C starvation often causes irreversible damage to crop production.It is not well known how C fixation and allocation in the leaves of crops such as maize adapt to sudden environmental changes.Here,to quantify primary C fixation and partitioning in photosynthetic maize leaves under extended darkness and to relate these factors to plant growth,maize seedlings were subjected to extended darkness(ED)for three successive days at the 6 th leaf fully expanded stage(V6).ED reduced plant growth and leaf chlorophyll levels but not the rate of net CO_2 exchange.As a result of the reduction in photoassimilates,the accumulation of starch and total soluble carbohydrates(TSC)in mature leaves also decreased under ED.However,the percentage of the daily C fixation reserved in mature leaves increased.These transient C pools were largely composed of TSC and were mainly used for consumption by increased nocturnal respiration rather than for transport.As the days went on,both the amount of C accumulated and the percentage of the daily fixed C that was reserved in leaves decreased,which could be largely accounted for by the attenuated starch synthesis in all treatments.The activities of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase and soluble starch synthase decreased significantly over time.Therefore,this study concluded that both starch and TSC are involved in the coordination of the C supply and plant growth under a sudden C shortage but that they may be involved in different ways.While the ratio of reserved C to daily fixed C increased to maintain blade function under acute C starvation,both the amount and the proportion of C reserved in mature leaves decreased as plant growth continued in order to meet the growth demands of the plant.

A Research on Darkness Adaptation of Drivers

This paper presents the results of darkness adaptationtest for drivers. It is shown that there is a significant difference ( p <0.05)in their darkness adaptation ability between the drivers in accident group and non-accident group. It is further revealed that the accident rate of the drivers with darkness adaptation time ≤10 s is 2.6%, while that with darkness adaptation time >10 s is 7.3%, implying that the high accident rate of the drivers in accident group might be caused by their longer darkness adaptation time.

dark与darkness

形容词 dark 有两个名词,一是 dark,二是 darkness。由于两者在用法上既有相同之处,又有不同之处,造成了实际使用中的困难。因而,对二者的辨异很有必要。现将二者的异同归纳如下:

Sound Narrative of the Suppressed Species in Heart of Darkness

Joseph Conrad in Heart of Darkness calls for the suppressed species on humanitarian grounds.In this sense,this paper aims to dredge how the suppressed species utter their voices of rebellion and form a special soundscape.The African natives make use of unique ways of drumming and shouting,to tell how they are enslaved and how they resist the domination of the British pilgrims.In the meanwhile,the black female also uses voices to rebel against her marginal condition compared to males,including white and her native males.By putting the story’s sound narrative in the framework of ecofeminism,this paper intends to not only disclose the rebellious spirit of those suppressed species,but also raise people’s awareness of caring for the living creatures in the marginal status,including women,the blacks,animals,and the ecological environment as a whole.

Surgical Operations Bring The Blind Out of Darkness

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Hell of Darkness—Book Review of Heart of Darkness

The article is a book review of Joseph Conrad's novella:Heart of Darkness. In this novella, the author criticizes colonial-ism by telling the story of Marlow and Kurtz. This article analyzes Heart of Darkness from the following aspects:background, charac-terization, symbolization and influence.

Conrad's Heart of Darkness in the View of Postcolonial Theory

As one of the most important and greatest novels of Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness, has attracted extensive attention from literature fields in the world and has always been under critics since its publication. This paper,from the perspective of Edward Said's postcolonial theory—Orientalism,aims to analyze this classical work from the following three aspects: distorted description of the nature settings in Africa, distorted description of the image of the Africans as well as the white's blame on Africa for their degeneration.

The "Dark Self" in "The Secret Sharer" and "Heart of Darkness"

Human nature is one of the most thoroughly studied topics in human history.Even today the argument continues in all different social contexts,and by studying Conrad's two stories:Heart of Darkness and The Secret Sharer,the author tries to analyze the two sides of the nature,both good and evil,which are inherent in us humans.In the essay the author explores the two heroes in the stories and tries to prove that only when we realize and admit our capability for the evil,can we make the good and kind side of nature to flourish.

PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS Interact with the ABA Receptors PYL8 and PYL9 to Orchestrate ABA Signaling in Darkness

PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS(PIFs)are a group of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that can physically interact with photoreceptors,including phytochromes and cryptochromes.It was previously demonstrated that PIFs accumulated in darkness and repressed seedling photomorphogenesis,and that PIFs linked different photosensory and hormonal pathways to control plant growth and development.In this study,we show that PIFs positively regulate the ABA signaling pathway during the seedling stage specifically in darkness.We found that PIFs positively regulate ABI5 transcript and protein levels in darkness in response to exogenous ABA treatment by binding directly to the G-box motifs in the ABI5 promoter.Consistently,PIFs and the G-box motifs in the ABI5 promoter determine ABI5 expression in darkness,and overexpression of ABI5 could rescue the ABA-insensitive phenotypes of pifq mutants in the dark.Moreover,we discovered that PIFs can physically interact with the ABA receptors PYL8 and PYL9,and that this interaction is not regulated by ABA.Further analyses showed that PYL8 and PYL9 promote PIF4 protein accumulation in the dark and enhance PIF4 binding to the ABI5 promoter,but negatively regulate PIF4-mediated ABI5 activation.Taken together,our data demonstrate that PIFs interact with ABA receptors to orchestrate ABA signaling in darkness by controlling ABI5 expression,providing new insights into the pivotal roles of PIFs as signal integrators in regulating plant growth and development.

Dark Matter Search in Dwarf Irregular Galaxies with Ten Years of Data from the Ice Cube Neutrino Observatory

Dwarf irregular galaxies(dIrrs),as rotationally supported systems,have more reliable J-factor measurements than dwarf spheroidal galaxies and have received attention as targets for dark matter detection in recent years.In this paper,we use 10 yr of IceCube muon-track data and an unbinned maximum-likelihood-ratio method to search for neutrino signals beyond the background from the directions of seven dIrrs,aiming to detect neutrinos produced by heavy annihilation dark matter.We do not detect any significant signal.Based on such null results,we calculate the upper limits on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross section for 1 TeV–10 PeV dark matter.Our limits,although weaker than the strictest constraints in the literature in this mass range,are also a good complement to the existing results considering the more reliable J-factor measurements of dIrrs.

Design and prototyping of the readout electronics for the transition radiation detector in the high energy cosmic radiation detection facility

The high energy cosmic-radiation detection(HERD)facility is planned to launch in 2027 and scheduled to be installed on the China Space Station.It serves as a dark matter particle detector,a cosmic ray instrument,and an observatory for high-energy gamma rays.A transition radiation detector placed on one of its lateral sides serves dual purpose,(ⅰ)calibrating HERD's electromagnetic calorimeter in the TeV energy range,and(ⅱ)serving as an independent detector for high-energy gamma rays.In this paper,the prototype readout electronics design of the transition radiation detector is demonstrated,which aims to accurately measure the charge of the anodes using the SAMPA application specific integrated circuit chip.The electronic performance of the prototype system is evaluated in terms of noise,linearity,and resolution.Through the presented design,each electronic channel can achieve a dynamic range of 0–100 fC,the RMS noise level not exceeding 0.15 fC,and the integral nonlinearity was<0.2%.To further verify the readout electronic performance,a joint test with the detector was carried out,and the results show that the prototype system can satisfy the requirements of the detector's scientific goals.

Effect of Cosmic Plasma on the Observation of Supernovae Ia

In observational cosmology,a supernova la is used as a standard candle in order to extend the Hubble diagram to a higher redshift range.Astrophysicists found that the observed brightness of high redshift supernovae la is dimmer than expected.This dimming effect is considered observational evidence for the existence of dark energy in the universe.It should be noted that this conclusion is based on an assumption that the mass density of the cosmic plasma is very small.Therefore,the dimming effect caused by the Compton scattering of free electrons in cosmic plasma can be neglected.X-ray observations suggest that the mass density of the cosmic plasma may be very large.In theory,the observed dimming effect of high redshift supernovae Ia may be caused by the Compton scattering of free electrons in the cosmic plasma.In this paper it will be shown that this idea is reasonable.Therefore,there is no need to introduce the confusing concept of dark energy into cosmology.

Highly Defective Dark TiO_(2) Modified with Pt: Effects of Precursor Nature and Preparation Method on Photocatalytic Properties

The study focused on the modification with platinum of dark defective titania obtained via pulsed laser ablation. Both the method of Pt introduction and the nature of the Pt precursor were varied. All samples exhibited similar phase compositions, specific surface areas, and Pt contents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with pulsed CO adsorption revealed increased dispersity when photoreduction and the hydroxonitrate complex (Me _(4) N) _(2) [Pt _(2) (OH) _(2) (NO _(3) ) _(8) ] were used. The sample featured a high content of single-atom species and subnano-sized Pt clusters. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the photoreduction method facilitated the appearance of a larger number of Pt ^(2+) states, which appeared owing to the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) eff ect of the transfer of electron density from the electron-saturated defects on the TiO _(2) surface to Pt ^(4+) . In the hydrogen evolution reaction, samples with a significant fraction of the Pt ^(2+) ionic component, capable of generating short-lived Pt^(0) single-atom sites under irradiation due to the SMSI eff ect, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. The 0.5Pt(C)/TiO_(2) -Ph sample exhibited the highest hydrogen yield with a quantum efficiency of 0.53, retaining its activity even after 8 h of operation.

Implications of the Stellar Mass Density of High-z Massive Galaxies from JWST on Warm Dark Matter

A significant excess of the stellar mass density at high redshift has been discovered from the early data release of James Webb Space Telescope(JWST),and it may require a high star formation efficiency.However,this will lead to large number density of ionizing photons in the epoch of reionization(EoR),so that the reionization history will be changed,which can arise tension with the current EoR observations.Warm dark matter(WDM),via the free streaming effect,can suppress the formation of small-scale structure as well as low-mass galaxies.This provides an effective way to decrease the ionizing photons when considering a large star formation efficiency in high-z massive galaxies without altering the cosmic reionization history.On the other hand,the constraints on the properties of WDM can be derived from the JWST observations.In this work,we study WDM as a possible solution to reconcile the JWST stellar mass density of high-z massive galaxies and reionization history.We find that,the JWST high-z comoving cumulative stellar mass density alone has no significant preference for either CDM or WDM model.But using the observational data of other stellar mass density measurements and reionization history,we obtain that the WDM particle mass with mw=0.51_(-0.12)^(+0.22) keV and star formation efficiency parameter f_(*)^(0)> 0.39 in 2σ confidence level can match both the JWST high-z comoving cumulative stellar mass density and the reionization history.

Optical frequency comb technology: from ground to space

Optical frequency combs,as powerful tools for precision spectroscopy and research into optical frequency standards,have driven continuous progress and significant breakthroughs in applications such as time-frequency transfer,measurement of fundamental physical constants,and high-precision ranging,achieving a series of milestone results in ground-based environments.With the continuous maturation and evolution of femtosecond lasers and related technologies,optical frequency combs are moving from ground-based applications to astronomical and space-based applications,playing an increasingly important role in atomic clocks,exoplanet observations,gravitational wave measurements,and other areas.This paper,focusing on astronomical and space-based applications,reviews research progress on astronomical frequency combs,optical clock time-frequency networks,gravitational waves,dark matter measurement,dual-comb large-scale absolute ranging,and high-resolution atmospheric spectroscopy.With enhanced performance and their gradual application in the field of space-based research,optical frequency combs will undoubtedly provide more powerful support for astronomical science and cosmic exploration in the future.