When the contacts of a medium-voltage DC air circuit breaker(DCCB) are separated, the energy distribution of the arc is determined by the formation process of the near-electrode sheath. Therefore, the voltage drop thr...When the contacts of a medium-voltage DC air circuit breaker(DCCB) are separated, the energy distribution of the arc is determined by the formation process of the near-electrode sheath. Therefore, the voltage drop through the near-electrode sheath is an important means to build up the arc voltage, which directly determines the current-limiting performance of the DCCB. A numerical model to describe the near-electrode sheath formation process can provide insight into the physical mechanism of the arc formation, and thus provide a method for arc energy regulation. In this work, we establish a two-dimensional axisymmetric time-varying model of a medium-voltage DCCB arc when interrupted by high current based on a fluid-chemical model involving 16 kinds of species and 46 collision reactions. The transient distributions of electron number density, positive and negative ion number density, net space charge density, axial electric field, axial potential between electrodes, and near-cathode sheath are obtained from the numerical model. The computational results show that the electron density in the arc column increases, then decreases, and then stabilizes during the near-cathode sheath formation process, and the arc column's diameter gradually becomes wider. The 11.14 V–12.33 V drops along the17 μm space charge layer away from the cathode(65.5 k V/m–72.5 k V/m) when the current varies from 20 k A–80 k A.The homogeneous external magnetic field has little effect on the distribution of particles in the near-cathode sheath core,but the electron number density at the near-cathode sheath periphery can increase as the magnetic field increases and the homogeneous external magnetic field will lead to arc diffusion. The validity of the numerical model can be proven by comparison with the experiment.展开更多
The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents ...The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents due to the phenomenon of arc root sticking at the entrance of the arc chamber in the splitting process,which is known as arc root stagnation.A coupling model of the self-excited magnetic field and magnetohydrodynamics is established for the SE-DCCB with the traditional structure.The magnetic field,temperature and airflow distribution in the arc chamber are investigated with an interrupting current of 150 A.The simulation results show that the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force are the dominant factors in the arc root stagnation.The local high temperature of the arc chamber due to arc root stagnation increases the obstruction effect of the airflow vortex on the arc root movement,which significantly increases the arc duration time of small current interruption.Based on the research,the structure of the magnetic conductance plate of the actual product is improved,which can improve the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force at the arc root so as to restrain the development of the airflow vortex effectively and solve the problem of arc root stagnation when the small current is interrupted.The simulation results show that the circuit breaker with improved structure has a better performance for a small current interruption range from 100 A to 350 A.展开更多
针对轨道交通用直流空气断路器及其磁吹系统,利用2kV/30 k A直流断流冲击试验回路,对小电流开断过程进行了试验研究。研究结果表明,磁吹系统能够辅助断路器成功完成小电流开断,并且存在开断时间最长的临界电流。此外在电流反向时,铁磁...针对轨道交通用直流空气断路器及其磁吹系统,利用2kV/30 k A直流断流冲击试验回路,对小电流开断过程进行了试验研究。研究结果表明,磁吹系统能够辅助断路器成功完成小电流开断,并且存在开断时间最长的临界电流。此外在电流反向时,铁磁材料的剩磁使开断时间变长。试验研究对小电流开断难题的解决和磁吹系统的研制有着重要的指导意义。展开更多
为实现城市轨道交通直流快速断路器的国产化,研制了1 800 V/80 k A大容量直流快速断路器。重点介绍了直流大容量短路开断相关系统的设计,通过电磁场和动力学耦合仿真,获得了直接过流脱扣器的动态特性,通过建立空气直流电弧的磁流体动力...为实现城市轨道交通直流快速断路器的国产化,研制了1 800 V/80 k A大容量直流快速断路器。重点介绍了直流大容量短路开断相关系统的设计,通过电磁场和动力学耦合仿真,获得了直接过流脱扣器的动态特性,通过建立空气直流电弧的磁流体动力学（MHD）模型,分析了电弧在开断过程中的运动以及弧根转移过程。基于仿真结果研制的样机按照IEC标准顺利通过了全部型式试验。仿真和试验结果表明：脱扣时间和电弧转移过程对开断性能具有重要的影响,该断路器开断短路电流时电弧转移迅速,电弧电压上升较快且不存在停滞现象,脱扣时间小于5 ms,燃弧时间在12 ms以内,具有开断100 k A短路电流的能力,从而验证了仿真对实际产品设计的指导意义。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51977132)Key Special Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province (Grant No.2020JH1/10100012)General Program of the Education Department of Liaoning Province (Grant No.LJKZ0126)。
文摘When the contacts of a medium-voltage DC air circuit breaker(DCCB) are separated, the energy distribution of the arc is determined by the formation process of the near-electrode sheath. Therefore, the voltage drop through the near-electrode sheath is an important means to build up the arc voltage, which directly determines the current-limiting performance of the DCCB. A numerical model to describe the near-electrode sheath formation process can provide insight into the physical mechanism of the arc formation, and thus provide a method for arc energy regulation. In this work, we establish a two-dimensional axisymmetric time-varying model of a medium-voltage DCCB arc when interrupted by high current based on a fluid-chemical model involving 16 kinds of species and 46 collision reactions. The transient distributions of electron number density, positive and negative ion number density, net space charge density, axial electric field, axial potential between electrodes, and near-cathode sheath are obtained from the numerical model. The computational results show that the electron density in the arc column increases, then decreases, and then stabilizes during the near-cathode sheath formation process, and the arc column's diameter gradually becomes wider. The 11.14 V–12.33 V drops along the17 μm space charge layer away from the cathode(65.5 k V/m–72.5 k V/m) when the current varies from 20 k A–80 k A.The homogeneous external magnetic field has little effect on the distribution of particles in the near-cathode sheath core,but the electron number density at the near-cathode sheath periphery can increase as the magnetic field increases and the homogeneous external magnetic field will lead to arc diffusion. The validity of the numerical model can be proven by comparison with the experiment.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51977132)the Key Special Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province(No.2020JH1/10100012)the General Program of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(No.LJKZ0126).
文摘The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents due to the phenomenon of arc root sticking at the entrance of the arc chamber in the splitting process,which is known as arc root stagnation.A coupling model of the self-excited magnetic field and magnetohydrodynamics is established for the SE-DCCB with the traditional structure.The magnetic field,temperature and airflow distribution in the arc chamber are investigated with an interrupting current of 150 A.The simulation results show that the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force are the dominant factors in the arc root stagnation.The local high temperature of the arc chamber due to arc root stagnation increases the obstruction effect of the airflow vortex on the arc root movement,which significantly increases the arc duration time of small current interruption.Based on the research,the structure of the magnetic conductance plate of the actual product is improved,which can improve the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force at the arc root so as to restrain the development of the airflow vortex effectively and solve the problem of arc root stagnation when the small current is interrupted.The simulation results show that the circuit breaker with improved structure has a better performance for a small current interruption range from 100 A to 350 A.
文摘针对轨道交通用直流空气断路器及其磁吹系统,利用2kV/30 k A直流断流冲击试验回路,对小电流开断过程进行了试验研究。研究结果表明,磁吹系统能够辅助断路器成功完成小电流开断,并且存在开断时间最长的临界电流。此外在电流反向时,铁磁材料的剩磁使开断时间变长。试验研究对小电流开断难题的解决和磁吹系统的研制有着重要的指导意义。
文摘为实现城市轨道交通直流快速断路器的国产化,研制了1 800 V/80 k A大容量直流快速断路器。重点介绍了直流大容量短路开断相关系统的设计,通过电磁场和动力学耦合仿真,获得了直接过流脱扣器的动态特性,通过建立空气直流电弧的磁流体动力学（MHD）模型,分析了电弧在开断过程中的运动以及弧根转移过程。基于仿真结果研制的样机按照IEC标准顺利通过了全部型式试验。仿真和试验结果表明：脱扣时间和电弧转移过程对开断性能具有重要的影响,该断路器开断短路电流时电弧转移迅速,电弧电压上升较快且不存在停滞现象,脱扣时间小于5 ms,燃弧时间在12 ms以内,具有开断100 k A短路电流的能力,从而验证了仿真对实际产品设计的指导意义。
