The role of cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal cancer-associated death has been widely recognized.Gastrointestinal cancer stem cells(GCSCs)are considered to be responsible for tumor initiation,growth,resistance to ...The role of cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal cancer-associated death has been widely recognized.Gastrointestinal cancer stem cells(GCSCs)are considered to be responsible for tumor initiation,growth,resistance to cytotoxic therapies,recurrence and metastasis due to their unique properties.These properties make the current therapeutic trials against GCSCs ineffective.Moreover,recent studies have shown that targeting stem cell surface markers or stemness associated pathways might have an additional off-target effect on the immune system.Recent advances in oncology and precision medicine have opened alternative therapeutic strategies in the form of cancer immunotherapy.This approach differs from classical anti-cancer therapy through its mechanism of action involving the activation and use of a functional immune system against tumor cells,instead of aiming physically destruction of cancer cells through radio-or chemotherapy.New immunological approaches for GCSCs targeting involve the use of different immune cells and various immune mechanisms like targeting specific surface antigens,using innate immune cells like the natural killer and T cells,T-cell chimeric antigen receptor technology,dendritic cell vaccine,or immune checkpoint inhibitors.In this respect,better understandings of immune regulatory mechanisms that govern anti-tumor response bring new hope in obtaining long-term remission for cancer therapy.展开更多
目的探讨程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)抑制剂治疗消化道肿瘤中免疫相关不良事件的护理。方法选取2015年8月至2018年10月本科收治的30例接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的肿瘤患者,观察患者在治疗过程中出现的免疫相关不...目的探讨程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)抑制剂治疗消化道肿瘤中免疫相关不良事件的护理。方法选取2015年8月至2018年10月本科收治的30例接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的肿瘤患者,观察患者在治疗过程中出现的免疫相关不良事件。结果 30例患者出现乏力1例,发热3例,皮疹伴瘙痒1例,肝脏毒性5例,腹泻1例,亚临床甲状腺功能减退1例。经过护理患者症状均有所缓解。结论 PD-1抑制剂治疗消化道肿瘤出现免疫相关不良事件时可采用有效的护理措施,使患者耐受免疫相关不良事件,增强战胜疾病的信心。展开更多
目的检索、评价并总结肿瘤患者免疫治疗相关胃肠道反应的预防及管理最佳证据,为临床提供参考。方法在国内外相关网站及数据库(UpToDate计算机决策支持系统、BMJ最佳临床实践、澳大利亚JBI网站、美国国立临床诊疗指南数据库、国际指南协...目的检索、评价并总结肿瘤患者免疫治疗相关胃肠道反应的预防及管理最佳证据,为临床提供参考。方法在国内外相关网站及数据库(UpToDate计算机决策支持系统、BMJ最佳临床实践、澳大利亚JBI网站、美国国立临床诊疗指南数据库、国际指南协作网、苏格兰院际指南网、世界肿瘤学网络、美国国家癌症综合网络、医脉通指南网,英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所、美国医疗保健与研究质量局、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、多国癌症支持治疗协会、美国临床肿瘤学会、癌症免疫治疗协会等网站,以及Cochrane Library、Embase、CHINAL、Web of Science、OVID、PubMed、SinoMed、知网、万方、维普数据库等数据库)中,系统检索关于肿瘤患者免疫治疗胃肠道反应预防及管理的临床指南、最佳临床实践信息册、推荐实践、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价及相关原始研究。检索时限为建库2022年9月1日。由2名研究者独立进行文献质量评价和资料提取,在结合临床专业人员判断的基础上进行证据总结。结果共纳入17篇文献,包括6篇指南、1篇证据总结、3篇专家共识、3篇系统评价、1篇随机对照试验及3篇队列研究,围绕肿瘤患者免疫治疗相关胃肠道反应的预防及管理,汇总了胃肠道评估、危险因素、基线筛查、诊断检查、药物治疗、胃肠道护理、健康教育7个方面的23条最佳证据。结论该研究总结了肿瘤患者免疫治疗胃肠道反应预防及管理的最佳证据,为医护人员临床实践提供循证依据。展开更多
基金the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation,CNCS–UEFISCDI,No.PN-Ⅲ-P4-IDPCCF2016-0158.
文摘The role of cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal cancer-associated death has been widely recognized.Gastrointestinal cancer stem cells(GCSCs)are considered to be responsible for tumor initiation,growth,resistance to cytotoxic therapies,recurrence and metastasis due to their unique properties.These properties make the current therapeutic trials against GCSCs ineffective.Moreover,recent studies have shown that targeting stem cell surface markers or stemness associated pathways might have an additional off-target effect on the immune system.Recent advances in oncology and precision medicine have opened alternative therapeutic strategies in the form of cancer immunotherapy.This approach differs from classical anti-cancer therapy through its mechanism of action involving the activation and use of a functional immune system against tumor cells,instead of aiming physically destruction of cancer cells through radio-or chemotherapy.New immunological approaches for GCSCs targeting involve the use of different immune cells and various immune mechanisms like targeting specific surface antigens,using innate immune cells like the natural killer and T cells,T-cell chimeric antigen receptor technology,dendritic cell vaccine,or immune checkpoint inhibitors.In this respect,better understandings of immune regulatory mechanisms that govern anti-tumor response bring new hope in obtaining long-term remission for cancer therapy.
文摘目的探讨程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)抑制剂治疗消化道肿瘤中免疫相关不良事件的护理。方法选取2015年8月至2018年10月本科收治的30例接受PD-1抑制剂治疗的肿瘤患者,观察患者在治疗过程中出现的免疫相关不良事件。结果 30例患者出现乏力1例,发热3例,皮疹伴瘙痒1例,肝脏毒性5例,腹泻1例,亚临床甲状腺功能减退1例。经过护理患者症状均有所缓解。结论 PD-1抑制剂治疗消化道肿瘤出现免疫相关不良事件时可采用有效的护理措施,使患者耐受免疫相关不良事件,增强战胜疾病的信心。
文摘目的检索、评价并总结肿瘤患者免疫治疗相关胃肠道反应的预防及管理最佳证据,为临床提供参考。方法在国内外相关网站及数据库(UpToDate计算机决策支持系统、BMJ最佳临床实践、澳大利亚JBI网站、美国国立临床诊疗指南数据库、国际指南协作网、苏格兰院际指南网、世界肿瘤学网络、美国国家癌症综合网络、医脉通指南网,英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所、美国医疗保健与研究质量局、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、多国癌症支持治疗协会、美国临床肿瘤学会、癌症免疫治疗协会等网站,以及Cochrane Library、Embase、CHINAL、Web of Science、OVID、PubMed、SinoMed、知网、万方、维普数据库等数据库)中,系统检索关于肿瘤患者免疫治疗胃肠道反应预防及管理的临床指南、最佳临床实践信息册、推荐实践、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价及相关原始研究。检索时限为建库2022年9月1日。由2名研究者独立进行文献质量评价和资料提取,在结合临床专业人员判断的基础上进行证据总结。结果共纳入17篇文献,包括6篇指南、1篇证据总结、3篇专家共识、3篇系统评价、1篇随机对照试验及3篇队列研究,围绕肿瘤患者免疫治疗相关胃肠道反应的预防及管理,汇总了胃肠道评估、危险因素、基线筛查、诊断检查、药物治疗、胃肠道护理、健康教育7个方面的23条最佳证据。结论该研究总结了肿瘤患者免疫治疗胃肠道反应预防及管理的最佳证据,为医护人员临床实践提供循证依据。