Pole placement method of controlling chaos in DC-DC buck converters

Based on the mechanism for the generation of chaos in a buck converter, a pole placement method is proposed and applied to controlling the chaos in a circuit. The control circuit is designed and tested. Numerical calculation and circuit implementation demonstrate the validity of this chaos control method.

ANovel Non-Isolated Cubic DC-DC Converter with High Voltage Gain for Renewable Energy Power Generation System

In recent years,switched inductor(SL)technology,switched capacitor(SC)technology,and switched inductor-capacitor(SL-SC)technology have been widely applied to optimize and improve DC-DC boost converters,which can effectively enhance voltage gain and reduce device stress.To address the issue of low output voltage in current renewable energy power generation systems,this study proposes a novel non-isolated cubic high-gain DC-DC converter based on the traditional quadratic DC-DC boost converter by incorporating a SC and a SL-SC unit.Firstly,the proposed converter’s details are elaborated,including its topology structure,operating mode,voltage gain,device stress,and power loss.Subsequently,a comparative analysis is conducted on the voltage gain and device stress between the proposed converter and other high-gain converters.Then,a closed-loop simulation system is constructed to obtain simulation waveforms of various devices and explore the dynamic performance.Finally,an experimental prototype is built,experimental waveforms are obtained,and the experimental dynamic performance and conversion efficiency are analyzed.The theoretical analysis’s correctness is verified through simulation and experimental results.The proposed converter has advantages such as high voltage gain,low device stress,high conversion efficiency,simple control,and wide input voltage range,achieving a good balance between voltage gain,device stress,and power loss.The proposed converter is well-suited for renewable energy systems and holds theoretical significance and practical value in renewable energy applications.It provides an effective solution to the issue of low output voltage in renewable energy power generation systems.

Large-areaβ-Ga_(2)O_(3) Schottky barrier diode and its application in DC-DC converters

We demonstrate superb large-area verticalβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)SBDs with a Schottky contact area of 1×1 mm^(2)and obtain a high-efficiency DC-DC converter based on the device.Theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)SBD can obtain a forward current of 8 A with a forward volt-age of 5 V,and has a reverse breakdown voltage of 612 V.The forward turn-on voltage(VF)and the on-resistance(Ron)are 1.17 V and 0.46Ω,respectively.The conversion efficiency of theβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)SBD-based DC-DC converter is 95.81%.This work indicates the great potential of Ga_(2)O_(3)SBDs and relevant circuits in power electronic applications.

A fast novel soft-start circuit for peak current-mode DC-DC buck converters

A fully integrated soft-start circuit for DC-DC buck converters is presented. The proposed high speed soft-start circuit is made of two sections： an overshoot suppression circuit and an inrush current suppression circuit. The overshoot suppression circuit is presented to control the input of the error amplifier to make output voltage limit increase in steps without using an external capacitor. A variable clock signal is adopted in the inrush current suppression circuit to increase the duty cycle of the system and suppress the inrush current. The DC-DC converter with the proposed soft-start circuit has been fabricated with a standard 0.13 um CMOS process. Experimental results show that the proposed high speed soft-start circuit has achieved less than 50 us start-up time. The inductor current and the output voltage increase smoothly over the whole load range.

双频DC-DC变换器的磁集成技术

双频Buck变换器由两个降压单元级联构成,具有动态响应快,开关损耗小等优势。然而不足的是磁件占据了整个系统的大部分体积与重量,降低了系统的功率密度。针对这一问题,提出一种三段式绕制磁集成技术,将磁件以解耦的方式集成在一副磁心中。该文首先建立集成磁件的磁路等效模型,通过抵消各绕组之间的耦合作用推导出解耦条件,并详细阐述了磁心的选取、匝数以及气隙的设计原则。其次,利用有限元仿真平台对所提集成磁件进行建模分析,与现有的集成方法相比,磁通密度分布更为均匀,磁心的利用率得到了有效提升。最后,搭建一台48 V/12 V、108 W的实验样机,体积和重量同分离磁件相比降低了31.2%和25.3%,提高了系统的功率密度,验证了该集成方法理论分析的正确性和可行性。

三电平Buck变换器输出纹波电压畸变机理分析

交错控制三电平Buck变换器受功率开关器件寄生参数的影响,输出电压纹波及电感电流纹波不仅发生了畸变,且纹波电压大小和忽略寄生参数的纹波电压存在较大误差。因此,深入分析了交错控制三电平Buck变换器输出纹波电压畸变机理,建立了考虑功率开关器件寄生参数的电感电流纹波、输出纹波电压的数学模型。在此基础上进行了实验验证,实验结果表明,功率开关器件的寄生参数是导致输出纹波电压波形畸变以及与理想模型产生较大误差的主要原因,验证了理论分析的正确性。所得结论可为三电平Buck变换器的变换器参数设计提供理论指导。

带感性负载的Buck-Boost变换器的非线性行为分析及优化控制

Buck-Boost变换器在某些参数发生变化时会呈现出丰富的非线性行为,这些行为将严重影响系统的稳定性,使得系统输出的电能质量劣化。文章基于实际变换器的负载特性,深入研究了感性阻抗负载下Buck-Boost变换器的非线性行为产生机理,提出了一种对数延迟反馈控制方法。该方法选取系统的输出延迟值与自身的值作差形成反馈信号;将该信号通过比例环节、求和环节和对数环节形成控制信号,以负反馈的形式施加于系统;最后基于稳定判据确定最优控制参数并对系统实施控制。为验证该方法的有效性,进行了大量的仿真实验,结果表明该方法能很好地抑制系统的非线性行为,扩展其稳定边界,改善系统输出的电能质量。

宽增益高效率级联式四开关Buck-Boost LLC变换器

为了解决变频控制的桥臂共用型四开关Buck-BoostLLC级联变换器磁性元件设计和优化困难的问题,提出一种二次侧为特殊全桥整流结构的级联式四开关Buck-Boost LLC变换器。通过控制二次侧开关管的交叠导通时间以拓宽变换器的电压增益。该变换器可根据不同的输入电压范围工作在交叠模式和整流模式;在不改变变换器参数的条件下将增益显著提高,能够适应更宽范围的输入电压,同时保持了变换器较高的工作效率。在两种工作模式的基础上,采用移相控制使变换器所有开关管实现零电压导通(ZVS),二极管实现零电流关断(ZCS)。结合状态平面轨迹分析法,对定频控制的级联式四开关Buck-Boost LLC变换器进行模态分析,并推导两种工作模式下的输入-输出表达式和开关管的软开关实现条件。最后,通过研制一台70~280 V输入、240 W/28 V输出的实验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性。

高频双频Buck变换器平面集成磁件优化设计

针对目前开关器件和磁性元件性能不足导致双频Buck变换器的效率和功率密度低的问题,研究了一种高效高功率密度的双频Buck变换器。变换器将工作在连续导通(CCM)模式,采用解耦合的平面集成电感器完成系统磁元件的集成,结合磁件的集成方法、有限的PCB层数和变换器的特性给出双频Buck变换器的参数,然后,提出了一种双频Buck变换器平面磁件的设计方法,并完成系统磁元件的优化设计。最后,基于第3代半导体SiC器件以及平面集成磁件,设计了额定功率200 W、开关频率400 kHz的双频Buck变换器。结果表明:该变换器峰值效率将达到96.1%,功率密度为46.1 W/in^(3)(1 in=25.4 mm),验证了双频Buck变换器设计方法的正确性和有效性。

基于数字PWM控制的Buck型DC/DC变换器设计

为解决集成电路生产成本随半导体制造工艺进步而升高的问题,尤其针对传统模拟架构DC/DC变换器中的电阻、电容、运算放大器等模块面积大、功耗高、稳定性差等问题,设计一款基于数字PWM调制buck型DC/DC变换器。设计基于CSMC 0.18μm BCD工艺,使用Verilog硬件描述语言设计数字PID补偿器,在VCS+XA数模混合仿真环境下进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明在不同PVT条件以及不同负载下,输出纹波较低,输出电压稳定,实现了低成本、高鲁棒性的设计目标。

非最小相位的单电感双输出Buck-Boost变换器的复合控制方法

单电感双输出Buck-Boost (SIDO Buck-Boost)变换器在电感电流连续模式(CCM)下工作存在交叉影响以及非最小相位特性的问题.为了解决上述问题,提出基于储能函数的扩张状态观测器(ESO)的改进非奇异快速终端滑模(NFTSM)和自抗扰控制(ADRC)相结合的控制策略.设计主路控制器,对系统的传递函数进行拟合得到ADRC范式,利用该范式对主路进行解耦控制.设计支路控制器,采用改进型ESO对储能函数进行观测,并将观测值反馈补偿到非奇异快速终端滑模控制律中,达到支路解耦的效果.为了抑制滑模控制的抖振问题,对趋近律进行改进.利用Lyapunov理论证明系统稳定性.基于硬件在环(HIL)实验平台进行实验验证.结果表明,所提控制策略与PI控制策略以及基于ESO的滑模控制策略相比,在超调量和响应时间上具有较好的效果.

自适应可调恒定导通时间Buck型直流电压变换器设计

为提高开关电源输出纹波电压、负载调整率、线性调整率和瞬态响应时间等性能指标,采用纹波控制的方法,研究出一款自适应可调恒定导通时间(adjustable-constant-on-time,ACOT)Buck型直流电压变换器。基于TSMC0.18μmCMOS工艺完成了电路设计,并用Cadence平台Spectre仿真器进行了仿真验证。结果表明:该电路的恒定导通时间可以精准灵活调节,纹波电压、线性调整率和瞬态响应时间均较低,与相关文献对比可知,本文设计在负载调整率上具有明显优势。

基于开关流图法的Buck-Boost变换器小信号建模分析

阐述Buck-Boost变换器具有输出纹波低,电压可控等优点,广泛应用于新能源汽车电池发电、直流微电网。建立小信号模型有利于对电路系统主电路的控制和控制回路的设计。分析Buck-Boost变换器,利用开关流图法和信号支路的模型建立变换器的流图,从而推导出变换器的小型号模型。

流控型Buck变换器的动力学行为分析

针对光伏发电系统中电流控制型Buck变换器,利用不连续动力学理论分析了其非线性振荡行为.通过调节控制电路的电压幅值和直流激励电源值,给出碰撞边界的和时钟脉冲触发的参数分岔图,获得了电流控制型Buck变换器从稳定的周期1到混沌状态的参数节点.分别绘制周期和混沌运动的相轨迹和时序图,分析各子域内具有不同映射结构的系统类型.研究结果表明,流控制型Buck变换器在参数变化时其运动行为丰富,边界碰撞现象明显,观测到倍周期分岔和阵发混沌.通过分析映射类型,说明其边界的非线性振荡行为.

利用参考电压注入的Buck变换器电感电容估计

电路的元件参数,尤其是电感和电容值,严重影响着Buck变换器的控制性能。提出了一种参考电压脉冲注入法用于电感和电容的在线估计。为了提高Buck变换器中电感和电容值的估计精度,利用原稳态和新稳态构建满秩状态方程,在线推导算法所需寄生参数和负载电阻。研究基于电感伏秒特性和电容电荷平衡特性的精确离散时间变换器模型,为元件参数估计奠定了基础。通过给参考电压注入短脉冲信号,并使用PID控制器对电路中的电感电流和输出电压进行调节,建立了用于参数估计的瞬态和新稳态。利用瞬态中采样的电压和电感电流估计电感和电容值,避免了稳态时的收敛问题。基于提出的平均电感电流估计算法,电流采样频率降低至开关频率。最后,在Matlab/Simulink平台上进行了仿真验证,结果表明:即使在考虑实际噪声的情况下,电感和电容值的最大估计误差分别小于2%和4.2%;相较于其他参数估计算法,参考电压脉冲注入方法的引入有效提高了参数辨识的估计精度,有助于Buck变换器系统控制性能的提升。

Design of Second Order Sliding Mode and Sliding Mode Algorithms:A Practical Insight to DC-DC Buck Converter

This paper presents a simple and systematic approach to design second order sliding mode controller for buck converters.The second order sliding mode control(SOSMC)based on twisting algorithm has been implemented to control buck switch mode converter.The idea behind this strategy is to suppress chattering and maintain robustness and finite time convergence properties of the output voltage error to the equilibrium point under the load variations and parametric uncertainties.In addition,the influence of the twisting algorithm on the performance of closed-loop system is investigated and compared with other algorithms of first order sliding mode control such as adaptive sliding mode control(ASMC),nonsingular terminal sliding mode control(NTSMC).In comparative evaluation,the transient response of the output voltage with the step change in the load and the start-up response of the output voltage with the step change in the input voltage of buck converter were compared.Experimental results were obtained from a hardware setup constructed in laboratory.Finally,for all of the surveyed control methods,the theoretical considerations,numerical simulations,and experimental measurements from a laboratory prototype are compared for different operating points.It is shown that the proposed twisting method presents an improvement in steady state error and settling time of output voltage during load changes.

基于PI控制器的Buck型DC-DC变换器Simulink建模与仿真

在电力专用电子元器件相关领域中,对于开关电源中最典型的Buck型DC-DC变换器的稳态性能与暂态性能研究较少。文中基于PI控制方法,构建了Buck型DC-DC变换器电路模型,应用Simulink平台建模与仿真,得到了输出电压、电流与占空比的波形图,完成了暂稳态性能随PI参数变化规律的研究,发现优先进行比例系数调节得到的性能更优,能够使其在相关领域中更高效地达到电力系统运行指标要求。

Study of Sliding Mode Control of DC-DC Buck Converter

In this paper, a robust sliding mode controller for the control of dc-dc buck converter is designed and analyzed. Dynamic equations describing the buck converter are derived and sliding mode controller is designed. A two-loop control is employed for a buck converter. The robustness of the sliding mode controlled buck converter system is tested for step load changes and input voltage variations. The theoretical predictions are validated by means of simulations. Matlab/Simulink is used for the simulations. The simulation results are presented. The buck converter is tested with operating point changes and parameter uncertainties. Fast dynamic response of the output voltage and robustness to load and input voltage variations are obtained.

基于AWF-DPID控制的同步Buck变换器研究

针对当前各种电子设备不断发展对电源管理芯片的精度、速度等要求越来越高的趋势,提出一种基于模糊逻辑的反计算法抗饱和双环PID(AWF-DPID)控制策略,实现同步Buck变换器的恒压限流功能。在双环PID(DPID)的基础上,设计一个二维模糊控制器,实时调整电压环输出参数,在电压环输出设计一个反算法抗积分饱和模块,从而调节Buck变换器的脉冲宽度,更高效精准地实现控制。变换器在10 kHz的频率下工作,给出变换器参数通过软件对不同控制策略进行仿真。结果表明,在实现恒压限流的相同控制目标下,AWF-DPID控制较其他控制响应更迅速、超调量更小稳态误差更小并且纹波系数更小;变输出指令下电压跟随性最好,有良好的动态特性。

基于复合自适应的Buck变换器预设性能控制

针对Buck型变换器在复杂环境下发生负载波动时输出电压受扰的问题,提出了一种复合自适应预设性能控制方案以提升其控制效果。首先,利用自适应律对模型中包含负载项的非线性函数进行预测估计,同时通过在自适应律更新过程中构建并行估计模型获取预测误差,并将预测误差和跟踪误差融合以设计自适应参数更新律。然后,采用广义比例积分观测器来对剩余不确定性和外部扰动进行估计,并在控制律中进行补偿。最后,结合指令滤波反步控制和指定时间预设性能控制技术,提出了Buck型变换器复合自适应预设性能控制方案。所提出的方案保证了对负载波动的高精度预测,避免了在突发情况下输出电压超出预设函数范围,此外还证明了闭环控制系统中的信号收敛性。实验结果表明,复合自适应预设性能控制在负载突然减小的情况下系统最大偏离电压为0.376 V,相比于传统自适应反步控制的1.773 V减少了78.7%,验证了所提方案的有效性以及优越性。