Efficiency of Iranian forest industry based on DEA models

Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） is a mathematical tech- nique to assess relative efficiencies of decision making units （DMUs）. The efficiency of 14 Iranian forest companies and forest management units was investigated in 2010. Efficiency of the companies was esti- mated by using a traditional DEA model and a two-stage DEA model. Traditional DEA models consider all DMU activities as a black box and ignore the intermediate products, while two-stage models address inter- mediate processes. LINGO software was used for analysis. Overall pro- duction was divided into to processes for analyses by the two-stage model, timber harvest and marketing. Wilcoxon＇s signed-rank test was used to identify the differences of average efficiency in the harvesting and marketing sub-process. Weak performance in the harvesting sub-process was the cause of low efficiency in 2010. Companies such as Neka Chob and Kelardasht proved efficient at timber harvest, and Neka Chob forest company scored highest in overall efficiency. Finally, the reference units identified according to the results of two-stage DEA analysis.

Production Efficiency of Two-Oriented Agriculture Based on Three-Stage DEA Model

Two-oriented agriculture was a complex organism coupling production,economics,society and ecology.Its development process was affected by various factors such as producers,nature,society,etc.In order to overcome measurement error of traditional data envelopment analysis caused by ignoring random,three-stage DEA model was studied to remove environmental factors and random effects.On the foundation of this model was two-oriented agriculture comprehensive production efficiency of 14 cities were estimated in Hunan Province in 2008,and brown forth corresponding policy proposals to promote agricultural development.

A Comparative Study on the Land Use Efficiency of Three Urban Agglomerations-Based on the Three-Stage DEA Model

This paper uses a three-stage DEA model to measure the land use efficiency of the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,and the Pearl River Delta from 2007 to 2018.The following conclusions are drawn through research:first,the urban land use efficiency of the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,and the Pearl River Delta all showed a downward trend,with the rates of decline being 6.06%,2.86%,and 24.34%respectively.In particular,the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration had the largest decline.Second,the overall urban land use efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is relatively high,and the amount of redundancy is relatively small.The rate of decline is significantly lower than the urban land use efficiency of the two major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta.The land use efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations is in a state of continuous decline.Third,the proportion of cities with the effectiveness of returns to scale of urban land use efficiency in the three major urban agglomerations has decreased by 10.53%,10%,and 33.34%,respectively.The Pearl River Delta has the largest decline.Fourth,the land use efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is quite different.The central-peripheral phenomenon is evident for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomerations and the Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations.

Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Cultural Resources Value Evaluation under DEA Model

Agricultural culture is a productive activity about education and management.It aims at high efficiency and high quality,uses technology as its means,and takes nature as its carrier.Agricultural cultural resources are the product of the rapid development of modern economy.It promotes the development of the national economy and profoundly affects people's production and life.DEA model,also known as data envelope analysis method,is an algorithm that uses multiple data decision units for input and output training to obtain the final model.This article explains the concept and basic characteristics of agricultural culture.Through questionnaire surveys and expert interviews,we collected development data,screened human,material,and financial data,and calculated information on economic and social resources.On this basis,this paper establishes the evaluation index of agricultural culture based on DEA model.Then,through empirical analysis from a specific perspective,it can be concluded that increasing human,material and financial input can achieve economic and social benefits.Generally speaking,cultural investment can promote the development of the industry.The research results of this paper laid a theoretical foundation for the development of agricultural culture,and put forward a development model focusing on technology development,improving investment efficiency,and investing in material resources.

Study of Efficiency of Agricultural Listed Companies Based on DEA Model

As leading enterprises supporting the agricultural development,agricultural listed companies play a great role,thus the study on their operating efficiency will have a strong demonstration effect. Using the data envelopment analysis( DEA) model,the operating efficiency of 20 agricultural listed companies was compared and analyzed. The results indicated that the overall efficiency of the agricultural listed companies is low. In agricultural listed companies with low or moderate overall efficiency,some agricultural companies are affected by the pure technical efficiency or scale efficiency,while other companies are affected by both factors,and accompanied with the increasing or decreasing efficiency along with the scale. Through in-depth analysis,it concluded that nine companies affected by pure technical efficiency have different degree of input redundancy or output deficiency. On this basis,it came up with pertinent recommendations for improvement.

The Analysis of the Agriculture Input and Output Efficiency Based on DEA Model

Fiscal agricultural expenditure has been increased rapidly for a long time,but ＂Agriculture,Countryside and Farmer＂ issues have not yet been resolved fundamentally,which illustrates that the main direction of fiscal agricultural expenditure and the appropriate intensity of input have not been discovered exactly before implementing the policy.This thesis analyzed the agriculture input and output efficiency by input-DEA model,and then summarizes bygone problem about fiscal agricultural expenditure.At last,some effective suggestions were proposed about optimizing the agriculture input and output efficiency.

The Optimal Investment Strategy Based on the DEA Model

The Goodgrant Foundation is a charitable organization that wants to improve education performance of undergraduates attending colleges and universities in the US. So the foundation plans to contribute a total of US 50 million for a suitable team of schools per year under the condition of avoiding repeated other large grant organizations’ investment. The DEA (Data Estimate Analysis) model is developed to determine an optimal investment strategy for the Goodgrant Foundation. In this paper, two questions were solved: how to choose a suitable team of schools and how to allocate the investment. Before the establishment of the model, the EXCEL software is used to preprocess data. Then the DEA model which includes two models in the paper is developed. For the first question, the CCR model is established to rank schools which used efficiency from DEAP 2.1. For the second question, the resource allocation model is established to allocate investment amount by weights of allocation from MATLAB software. Accordingly, the optimal investment strategy is received for the Goodgrant Foundation. Through the analysis above, 23 from 293 schools are selected to invest. Then the schools are ranked and the investment of US 50 million for 23 schools is allocated.

Performance Evaluation of China's Agricultural Listed Companies Based on DEA Model

In order to evaluate the performance of China's agricultural listed companies,we analyze the overall efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of China's agricultural listed companies on the basis of input-output data concerning 34 agricultural listed companies,using BCC model in data envelopment analysis ( DEA) model. Then we analyze input-output redundancy situation using the slack variable derived from the model. The results show that the overall efficiency of China's agricultural listed companies is good,and the gap in efficiency between sub-industries is small; there is significant difference in performance between listed companies engaged in the same sub-industry,and the reason for invalid DEA in companies within the industry is complex; total assets and asset-liability ratio are high,and the effective output is not fully realized. Finally corresponding recommendations are put forward for promoting the performance of agricultural listed companies as follows: strengthening brand awareness; promoting the level of production technology; adjusting the input structure; transforming the agricultural growth mode.

Application of a mixed DEA model to evaluate relative efficiency validity

Data envelopment analysis(DEA) model is widely used to evaluate the relative efficiency of producers. It is a kind of objective decision method with multiple indexes. However, the two basic models frequently used at present, the C2R model and the C2GS2 model have limitations when used alone,resulting in evaluations that are often unsatisfactory. In order to solve this problem, a mixed DEA model is built and is used to evaluate the validity of the business efficiency of listed companies. An explanation of how to use this mixed DEA model is offered and its feasibility is verified.

基于两阶段DEA-SFA模型的科学数据平台资源提供者服务效率研究——以国家生态科学数据中心为例

服务绩效评价是衡量国家科学数据平台发展质量的重要指标,效率测算为其提供重要依据。将国家生态科学数据中心资源提供者的服务过程分为资源服务和知识转化前后相关联的两个阶段,从投入产出要素的使用效率、科学资源的利用程度和用户感知的服务质量3个维度构建指标体系,利用两阶段数据包络分析-随机前沿方法(DEA-SFA)模型对43个资源提供者进行服务效率测算,并运用超效率模型对有效DMU做进一步区分和排名。结果表明:国家生态科学数据中心资源提供者在资源服务和知识转化阶段平均纯技术效率值分别为0.794和0.838,DEA有效站点数分别为12个和16个;在43个决策单元中,优秀资源提供者约占16%,一般资源提供者约占70%,较差资源提供者约占14%;另外,资源提供者的服务效率和地区经济发展水平具有一定关联性,东部地区表现优于中西部地区。基于上述研究结果,进而提出推动我国国家科学数据平台发展建设的相关对策建议。

基于DEA-Malmquist指数的我国中部地区物流效率分析

以2012—2021年我国中部地区(山西、河南、安徽、湖北、江西、湖南)六省的物流行业相关面板数据为对象构建评价指标体系,运用DEA-Malmquist指数模型,分别对其进行静态分析以及动态分析,进而得出相关结论,并由此给出提高物流效率的可行性建议。结果表明:2012—2021年间中部地区的物流效率一直未达到有效,且技术是中部各省物流效率的主要问题,同时生产率也略微退步,针对这些问题,中部地区需要加强区域协同作用以及推动物流技术的进步,也需要探索创新人才培养制度,吸引高技术人才。

基于DEA模型的安康市农业投入产出效率评价

为了解安康市现代农业发展效率状况,选取2009—2020年安康市污染治理投资总额、农业固定资产投资额、耕地面积和乡村劳动力资源总数4个农业投入指标,以及农业总产值和农业人均生产值2个农业产出指标,采用数据包络分析(data envelopment analysis,DEA)模型中的BCC模型进行效率分析。结果表明,安康市农业投入产出效率只有2020年的DEA模型是有效的,但从2009年开始,综合效率总体呈现上升趋势;从投入冗余率与产出不足率可以看出,安康市农业总产值基本不存在产出不足的现象,除2020年外,其余各年份在污染治理投资总额、农业固定资产投资额、耕地面积和乡村劳动力资源总数的投入在不同程度都存在冗余,投入结构不合理造成DEA模型无效。

基于DEA-Malmquist模型的地方高校科技成果转化效率时空演变

通过构建DEA-Malmquist模型,实证分析了中国地方高校2012—2021年科技成果转化的技术效率和全要素生产率的时空演变特征.研究结果显示,中国地方高校科技成果转化的综合技术效率逐年提升,但2017年和2018年出现了显著下滑,且效率指数整体偏低;科技成果转化的全要素生产率整体有所提升,但区域差异显著,中东部地区发展平稳,西部地区波动较大.为了进一步提升地方高校科技成果转化的效率,提出了强化学科建设质量、明确科技创新定位、创新转化体制机制和优化成果转化环境等建议.

基于三阶段DEA的我国公共服务效率评价

采用三阶段DEA方法,选取2012—2021年我国公共服务的相关数据,分析政治社会类、经济发展类和文化建设类公共服务的效率状况.研究表明,剔除环境和随机因素的影响后,2012—2021年我国公共服务供给效率总体呈现上升趋势,外部因素对我国公共服务效率存在显著影响,各个省域都发生了不同程度的变化,其中对政治社会类公共服务和西部地区的影响最大.同第一阶段DEA结果比较,第三阶段的结果更加符合实际情况.据此,未来我国公共服务的政策重点有三:一要强化制度保障,炼就有制可循的“定心丸”;二要盘活创新要素,激发发展活力的“催化剂”;三要健全评价体系,擦亮效率监督的“监控器”.

基于共享投入两阶段DEA模型的通信企业标准化效率

从通信产业技术标准研发投入和标准化经营成果产出的视角,提出通信企业标准化效率评价指标体系,并构建可变规模报酬下的两阶段数据包络分析模型来测度通信企业技术标准研发效率和标准化成果转化效率。以华为和中兴两家企业2010—2020年的投入产出数据进行实证分析,结果表明,两家公司技术标准化整体效率较高,子阶段个别年份效率低下;在技术标准研发阶段,华为的效率平均值低于中兴的效率平均值;在标准转化阶段,华为的效率平均值高于中兴的效率平均值。最后,根据研究结果提出优化资源投入及利用效率、加入标准化联盟及组织和参与标准化活动等多条标准化效率提升建议。

考虑减排潜力的中国省域碳排放权分配研究——基于改进的ZSG-DEA模型

在2030年中国实现碳达峰的目标背景下,本文针对碳排放权合理分配的问题,采用改进的ZSG-DEA模型考虑各省(区、市)的减排潜力,探寻兼顾公平和效率的碳排放权省域分配方案。研究结果表明:(1)我国各区域减排潜力各不相同,东部地区减排潜力较大,西部地区减排潜力组内差距较大,且低减排潜力组有50%集中在西部地区,中部地区整体减排潜力不足,东北地区集中于中、低减排潜力组;(2)改进的ZSG-DEA模型计算出减排系数更加合理,缩减了减排压力差距,能通过缩小省(区、市)之间的不公平程度来降低政策实施难度;(3)综合减排潜力和减排系数两个方面发现,仍有部分省(区、市)如河南等处于低潜力高减排的状态,面临凭借自身条件难以有效降碳的困境,也有部分地区在碳减排方面“仍有余力”。基于上述结论,本文提出以下建议:各区域应发挥自身优势助力碳减排,在安排省(区、市)碳排放额度时要注重不同省(区、市)的减排潜力,同时加强减排责任意识,推动区域之间的合作。

光伏发电企业运营效率及影响因素研究——基于DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型的分析

在“双碳”目标的引领下,科学评价光伏发电企业的运营效率及其影响因素,对促进光伏企业及产业的高质量发展有着重要意义。基于2014—2022年光伏发电上市公司的面板数据,运用DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型测度了光伏企业的运营效率及其综合效率的动态变化,实证分析了运营效率的主要影响因素。结果表明,9年间光伏发电企业的全要素生产率呈1.8%增长率的小幅增长趋势,股权结构、每股收益等5个变量对光伏发电企业的运营效率有显著性影响。

基于DEA模型的西藏林芝乡村旅游发展效率分析

近年来,乡村旅游产业成为推动西藏林芝市乡村振兴的重要手段,通过加强基础设施建设、提升乡村旅游服务设施、家庭旅馆的建立以及农牧民旅游就业培训等方式提升林芝市乡村旅游经济。本文选用DEA模型的方法,以2017-2021年期间林芝市乡村旅游发展为研究对象,对林芝市乡村旅游产业效率进行实证研究。研究结果表明:(1)2017、2018以及2020年林芝市乡村旅游发展综合效率和规模效率均小于1,出现投入冗余与产出不足,2020年技术效率小于1、其他年份均等于1,2019和2021年规模效率以及综合效率都等于1呈DEA强有效;(2)2017-2021年林芝市乡村旅游发展效率处于动荡上升趋势,动荡年份为2020年,其他年份呈逐步趋于良好发展状态,林芝市乡村旅游发展模式值得其他地市借鉴。

我国养老机构服务效率测度及提升路径研究——基于三阶段DEA和Malmquist指数的实证分析

科学评估养老机构服务效率是优化养老资源配置和完善养老服务体系建设的基础。以我国29个省(区、市)为研究对象,基于2018—2022年《中国民政统计年鉴》和《中国统计年鉴》的数据,运用三阶段DEA模型和Malmquist指数模型,对养老机构服务的静态与动态效率测度进行分析。研究表明,养老机构服务效率逐年提升,但仍有改善空间。综合技术效率均值由0.794下降到0.726,受到外部环境因素的影响;技术进步是制约养老机构服务效率的主要原因。因此,要调整投入生产规模,重视环境因素影响,实施差异化的效率提升策略,以技术进步为发展重心,进而提高养老机构服务效率。