The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia

With an increase in global aging,the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing,and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic rate.However,few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia patients.Similarly in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders,synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive decline.Nitric oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system.Recently,nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia.This review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction,neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular dementia.Additionally,we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.

Clinical Observation on Acupuncture Treatment of Cerebrovascular Dementia——A Report of 32 Cases

Cerebrovascular dementia is a common disease in the middle-aged and old people. Its incidence makes up about 10-20% of all kinds of dementia. It is mainly caused by general degeneration of the brain function resulted from cerebral arteriosclerosis and cerebral infarction. The author has treated 32 cases of cerebrovascular dementia with acupuncture in the recent years with satisfactory therapeutic results. A report follows.

CLINICAL STUDY ON TREATMENT OF VASCULAR DEMENTIA WITH ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF "SISHENCHONG

Aim: To observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of vascular dementia. Methods: A total of 46 cases of vascular dementia (VD) patients were divided into 3 classes according to the scores of the revised Hasegawa dementia scale (HDS), and then randomized into EA group (n=23) and medication (Nimodipine) group (n=23). The acupoints used were "Zhisanzhen" [Shenting (GV 24) and bilateral Benshen (GB 13)] and Sishenchong (EX HN 1) etc.. Scores of HDS, ability of daily life (ADL), neurofunctional defect and main symptoms were used as the indexes for assessing the therapeutic effect. Results: Following treatment, scores of HDS and ADL of two groups increased significantly, while those of neurofunctional defect and main symptoms decreased evidently (P<0.01), and the therapeutic effect of EA was obviously superior to that of medication (P<0.01). Conclusion: EA of "Zhisanzhen" and Sishenchong (EX HN 1) is a good approach for treatment of VD.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE TREATMENT OF VASCULAR DEMENTIA BY PUNCTURING BAIHUI (GV20), SHUIGOU (GV26) AND SHENMEN (HT7)

Objective: To observe the relative specialty of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture of Baihui (百会 GV 20), Shuigou (水沟 GV 26) a nd Shenmen (神门 HT 7) in the treatment of vascular dementia (VD) patients. Methods: F ifty VD patients were randomly divided into routine treatment group (control gro up), Baihui (GV 20) group (GV 20 group), Shuigou (GV 26) group (GV 26 gr oup), Shenmen (HT 7) group (HT 7 group) a nd GV 20+GV 26+HT 7 group (joint treatment group), with 10 cases in ea ch group. In control group, acupoints used were Jianyu (肩NFDA1 LI 15), Quchi (曲池 L I 11), Waiguan (外关 TE 5), etc. (which were also used in the other four groups) on the paralyzed side. The treatment was conducted once a day except weekends, 20 session s all together. Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), Mini-Mental State Examin at ion (MMSE) test, Blessed Dementia Rating Scale (BDR) and Clinical Neurological D eficit Rating (CNDR) were used to assess the patients’ intelligence state befor e and after acupuncture treatment. Results: After acupuncture tr eatment, the VD patients’ intelligence in all the five groups was improved at different degrees . Additional acupuncture of each of GV 20, GV 26 and HT 7 had a remarkable e ffec t in improving the VD patients’ fluid intelligence, and could obviously promote their abilities of temporal orientation, spatial orientation and figure drawing ; and additional joint acupuncture of the three acupoints could improve their co gnitive and non-cognitive functions, such as reducing the severity of dementia , raising the temporal orientation, spatial orientation, calculation, short-term m emory and figure drawing abilities, and improving their activities of daily livi ng and personality. Besides, acupuncture of GV 20 could improve the abilities of calculation and short term memory, and correct the personality change of VD pat ients, while acupuncture of GV 26 could improve the abilities of naming and sh or t-term memory. Conclusion: Acupuncture of GV 20, GV 26 and HT 7 all had a certai n therapeutic effect in improving VD; the therapeutic effects of acupuncture of GV 20 and GV 26 were better than that of acupuncture of HT 7; and the effica cy of the three points used in combination was the best.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Senile Vascular Dementia by Acupuncture

63 patients with senile vascular dementia were randomly divided into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture) and the control group (treated with piracetam). The authors observed the changes in the score of Hasegawa's dementia scale (HDS), p300, rheoencephalogram, topographic EEG, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes, and lipid peroxide (LPO) level in plasma before and after treatment. The statistical data showed that the total effective rate in the treatment group (80.6%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (25%), and the differences in the observed indexes before and after treatment were significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the treatment group but not in the control group (P>0.05), indicating that the acupuncture treatment was superior in immediate therapeutic effect on senile vascular dementia to drug treatment.

Extraordinary Vessels Needling for Vascular Dementia

Purpose To observe the clinical efficacy of extraordinary vessels needling in treating vascular dementia. Method 39 cases vascular dementia were treated by acupoints selected from the eight extraordinary meridians and the time needling techniques such as eight methods of spiritual turtle, in accordance with time period and pattern identifition. Results 2 cases were cured, 30 cases improved and 7 cases failed; the total effective rate was 82.1%. Conclusion Extraordinary vessels needling has positive effects in treating vascular dementia.

Clinical Observation of Vascular Dementia Treated by Surrounding-acupuncture of the CT-located Area

Purpose To observe the clinical effect of 'Surrounding Needling Technigue through CT Location' in treating vascular dementia. Method Fifty cases of vascular dementia were randomly divided into surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location and routine acupuncture groups, 25 cases in each group,and were given surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location and routine acupuncture respectively. Results The effective rates in surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location and routine acupuncture groups were 88% and 60% respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups, P ＜ 0.01.Conclusion Therapeutic effect of surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location in treating vascular dementia was satisfactory, and better than that of routine acupuncture.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Vascular Dementia with Scalp Acupuncture

目的:探索一种治疗血管性痴呆的方法。方法:60例血管性痴呆患者随机分为两组。针刺组用头针久留针法;西药组用药物疗法。同时,应用长谷川痴呆修改量表(HDS)、神经功能缺损(NFD)评分表、主要症状观察(MS)评分表,分别于治疗前后进行评分。结果:治疗前后两组 HDS、NFD、MS 评分改变差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗前后两组 HDS、NFD、MS 评分差值之差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。针刺组总有效率为86.8%,西药组总有效率为80.0%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:头皮久留针法对于血管性痴呆患者具有确切疗效。

Clinical Observation on 30 Cases of Vascular Dementia Treated by Acupuncture plus Kidney-Reinforcing Herbal Preparation

目的:观察针药结合治疗血管性痴呆的疗效。方法:采用针灸结合中药治疗血管性痴呆30例、并与西药(nimodipine)进行对照,治疗2个月,观察两组治疗前后长谷川痴呆评定表(HDS)评分值、两组的临床疗效和治疗前后血浆心钠素(ANP)的变化情况。结果与结论:治疗后两组智能的改善及疗效均有显著差异(P<0.01),针药组优于西药组。从血浆心钠素含量看,VD 患者治疗前与正常人无显著区别(P>0.05);针药组及西药组治疗后血浆 NAP 均明显升高(P<0.01),这种升高效应以针药更为显著(P<0.01)。

理性情绪疗法联合中医情志干预对血管性痴呆患者焦虑抑郁症状的影响

目的观察理性情绪疗法联合中医情志干预对血管性痴呆患者焦虑抑郁症状的影响。方法将80例血管性痴呆患者按照随机数字表法分为2组,对照组40例予常规基础干预,观察组40例在对照组干预基础上采用理性情绪疗法联合中医情志干预,2组均干预4周。比较2组干预前后简易智能状态检查表(MMSE)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、老年痴呆患者生活质量量表(QOL-AD)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分变化;比较2组干预满意度。结果2组干预后MMSE评分均较本组干预前升高(P<0.05),干预后观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组干预后ADL评分均较本组干预前降低(P<0.05),QOL-AD评分均较本组干预前升高(P<0.05);干预后观察组ADL评分低于对照组(P<0.05),QOL-AD评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组干预后HAMD评分、HAMA评分均较本组干预前降低(P<0.05),干预后观察组HAMD评分、HAMA评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组各项满意度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论理性情绪疗法联合中医情志干预,能有效改善血管性痴呆患者心理状态和认知功能,提高其日常生活能力、生活质量和干预满意度。

经颅重复针刺对血管性痴呆模型大鼠认知功能及海马突触超微结构的影响

目的 观察经颅重复针刺对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VaD)大鼠认知功能及海马CA1区突触素(synaptophysin, SYN)、微管相关蛋白-2(microtubule associated protein-2, MAP-2)表达的影响。方法 将56只SD大鼠随机分为空白组(14只)和造模组(42只)。造模组建立VaD模型,将造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组(14只)、常规针刺组(14只)和经颅重复针刺刺激(repetitive transcranial acupuncture stimulation, rTAS)组(14只)。造模成功后第2天,rTAS组采用经颅重复针刺;常规针刺组仅给予常规针刺手法;模型组与空白组给予以同等条件抓取及固定,不予针刺。采用水迷宫评价大鼠学习记忆能力,采用旷场实验评价大鼠探索行为和自主活动能力,免疫印迹法检测海马CA1区SYP、MAP-2蛋白表达水平,透射电镜观察海马组织中突触超微结构。结果与空白组比较,模型组逃避潜伏时间明显增加(P<0.05),穿越平台次数明显减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,常规针刺组与rTAS组逃避潜伏时间明显减少(P<0.05),穿越平台次数明显增加(P<0.05);与常规针刺组比较,rTAS组逃避潜伏时间与穿越平台次数改变不明显(P>0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组穿越格子数与后肢站立数明显减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,常规针刺组与rTAS组穿越格子数与后肢站立数明显增加(P<0.05);与常规针刺组比较,rTAS组穿越格子数与后肢站立数明显增加(P<0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组SYP、MAP-2表达水平显著降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,常规针刺组与rTAS组SYP、MAP-2表达水平显著增高(P<0.05);与常规针刺组比较,rTAS组SYP、MAP-2表达水平显著增高(P<0.05)。电镜下,模型组突触结构欠清晰,突触间隙模糊不清,突触小泡较少,突触前致密物质减少,胞浆内细胞器稀疏,线粒体变形肿大明显;而rTAS组突触结构较完整,突触间隙、突触前后膜分界清晰,突触前膜内囊泡较多,突触后膜均匀增厚,周边线粒体丰富、结构完整。结论 经颅重复针刺较常规针刺可能通过调控SYP、MAP-2表达,更有效促进突触再生,改善突触可塑性,修复受损神经元,从而改善认知功能。

基于《灵枢·本神》探讨从“心-脾-肾”轴论治血管性痴呆

血管性痴呆的发生发展,可责之于心、脾、肾三脏功能失调并相互干扰所诱发的神失所养、气血瘀滞、痰蒙清窍、阳亢风动等一系列病理变化;通过古方分析,探究调气活血、补益养神、祛痰开窍、平熄肝风等从“心-脾-肾”轴论治血管性痴呆的思路。

血管性痴呆的研究进展

血管性痴呆(VaD)是因脑卒中后大脑血液供应减少引起脑细胞缺血缺氧,从而出现严重认知功能障碍的疾病。VaD是一种可以预防的病症,但因其病因复杂、诊断困难的特点,使得其在神经科学和老年医学领域中占据较高的地位。目前在治疗上,现代医学主要采取口服多奈哌齐等药物控制血管性危险因素以及改善认知功能等(非)药物治疗方案;中医学则通过望闻问切达到对疾病的整体了解,并根据辨证论治对不同个体采取不同的中医特色治疗措施。文章对VaD发病相关因素、发病机制和中西医治疗方案进行综述。

益气复元合剂治疗非痴呆型血管性认知障碍的临床研究

[目的]探讨益气复元合剂对非痴呆型血管性认知障碍(Non dementia vascular cognition impairment,VCIND)患者认知及执行能力及P300的影响,并且与丁苯酞软胶囊相对比,比较两组疗效的差异。[方法]采用简单随机数字表法将60例VCIND患者随机分治疗组和对照组各30例。所有患者均予以抗血小板聚集、调控血压、血糖、降脂、稳斑等基础治疗;在上述治疗基础上,治疗组加用益气复元合剂50ml口服,tid;对照组加用丁苯酞软胶囊口服0.2gtid,疗程为3个月;评估两组患者治疗前后MoCA和MMSE评分,检测P300潜伏期及波幅的改变,同时检测所有患者治疗前后肝肾功能、血常规、凝血功能等指标,记录不良反应。[结果]治疗前两组患者的MMSE、MoCA、P300波幅及潜伏期无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患者MMSE、MoCA评分均升高,与治疗前相比有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间相比无明显差异(P>0.05);治疗后两组患者的P300潜伏期缩短、波幅增高,与治疗前相比有明显差异(P<0.05),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]益气复元合剂治疗能够改善VCIND患者的认知力和执行力,与丁苯酞具有相似的疗效,但在改善P300潜伏期及波幅方具有潜在的优势(P<0.05)。

针康法经脑神经递质调节机制治疗血管性痴呆患者的临床疗效及对其认知功能、生活质量的影响

目的探讨针康法经脑神经递质调节机制治疗血管性痴呆(Vascular dementia,VaD)的临床疗效。方法选取2019年10月—2021年7月期间黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院收治的VaD肾虚血瘀证患者96例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,每组各48例。两组患者均开展基础治疗,积极处理脑血管危险因素,在此基础上,对照组给予盐酸多奈哌齐+常规康复训练,试验组给予盐酸多奈哌齐+针康法治疗,两组患者均治疗8周。观察比较两组患者综合疗效、治疗前后认知功能[智能状态(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、痴呆状态(HasegawaDementiaScale,HDS)]、血清脑神经递质[乙酰胆碱(Acetylcholine,Ach)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(Noradrenaline,NE)、多巴胺(Dopamine,DA)]水平及生活质量(the World Health Organization quality of life-BREF,WHOQOL-BREF)评分、治疗安全性。结果(1)综合疗效:治疗后试验组综合疗效总有效率95.74%(45/47)高于对照组82.98%(39/47),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)认知功能:治疗后两组患者MMSE、HDS评分均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)脑神经递质:治疗后两组患者血清Ach、5-HT、NE、DA水平均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)生活质量:治疗后两组患者WHOQOL-BREF各维度评分均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(5)安全性:治疗期间,两组患者均未发生严重不良反应与不良事件,仅试验组1例晕针予以剔除。结论针康法治疗VaD肾虚血瘀证安全、有效,有利于缓解病情,改善患者认知,可能与上调血清脑神经递质表达有关,且该疗法能够提高患者生活质量。

针康法对合并2型糖尿病的VaD大鼠认知功能的影响及其机制

目的探讨针康法对合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)的血管性痴呆(VaD)大鼠认知功能的影响及其机制。方法选择健康雄性SD大鼠75只,通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素制备T2DM模型,随机选取其中12只作为假手术组,剩余63只继续制备VaD模型。63只制备VaD模型大鼠中,模型制备成功48只,随机分为模型组、跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组,每组12只。VaD模型制备结束第5天,针康组予头穴丛刺治疗,留针期间予跑台训练,头穴丛刺组仅予头穴丛刺治疗,跑台训练组仅予跑台训练。假手术组和模型组不予任何治疗。每组干预14、28天随机取6只,干预14天须连续治疗14天,干预28天须连续治疗28天。各组干预第14、28天结束行Morris水迷宫实验,检测学习记忆功能。Morris水迷宫实验结束,腹腔注射过量麻醉处死,断头取脑,取一侧海马组织,采用ELISA法检测氧化应激相关指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)以及胆碱能神经递质相关指标乙酰胆碱(Ach)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)含量;取另一侧海马组织,Nissl染色,观察海马组织神经元形态变化。结果模型组干预14、28天逃避潜伏期均显著高于假手术组同期,穿越平台次数、目标象限停留时间百分比均显著低于假手术组同期(P均<0.05);跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组干预14、28天逃避潜伏期均显著低于模型组同期,穿越平台次数、目标象限停留时间百分比均显著高于模型组同期(P均<0.05);针康组干预14、28天逃避潜伏期均显著低于跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组同期,穿越平台次数、目标象限停留时间百分比均显著高于跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组同期(P均<0.05);跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组干预14天逃避潜伏期均显著高于干预28天,穿越平台次数、目标象限停留时间百分比均显著低于干预28天(P均<0.05)。模型组干预14、28天海马组织SOD、GSH、GSH-Px、Ach含量均显著低于假手术组同期,MDA、AchE含量均显著高于假手术组同期(P均<0.05);跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组干预14、28天海马组织SOD、GSH、GSH-Px、Ach含量均显著高于模型组同期,MDA、AchE含量均显著低于模型组同期(P均<0.05);针康组干预14、28天海马组织SOD、GSH、GSH-Px、Ach含量均显著高于跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组同期,MDA、AchE含量均显著低于跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组同期(P均<0.05);跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组干预14天海马组织SOD、GSH、GSH-Px、Ach含量均显著低于干预28天,MDA、AchE含量均显著高于干预28天(P均<0.05)。假手术组海马CA1区尼氏小体数量多且排列整齐;与假手术组比较,模型组干预14天海马CA1区尼氏小体数量明显减少,神经元缺失明显;与模型组比较,跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组干预14天海马CA1区尼氏小体数量增加,但排列略紊乱;与干预14天比较,跑台训练组、头穴丛刺组、针康组干预28天海马CA1区尼氏小体数量明显增加,排列更整齐;无论是干预14天还是干预28天,针康组海马CA1区尼氏小体数量及排列整齐度均优于跑台训练组和头穴丛刺组同期。结论针康法可能通过减轻海马组织氧化应激损伤及调控海马组织胆碱能递质释放,改善合并T2DM的VaD大鼠认知功能,并且治疗时间越长,效果越好。

针刺联合复方苁蓉益智胶囊治疗痰浊阻窍型血管性痴呆临床观察

目的:观察针刺联合复方苁蓉益智胶囊治疗痰浊阻窍型血管性痴呆的临床疗效。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年12月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八四医院收治的痰浊阻窍型血管性痴呆患者120例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组给予复方苁蓉益智胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用针刺治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后精神状态量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、日常活动能力量表(activities of daily living,ADL)、长谷川痴呆量表(hasegawa dementia scale,HDS)、颅内动脉收缩期峰值血流速度(peak systolic blood flow velocity,SPV)、舒张期末血流速度(end diastolic blood flow velocity,EDV)、平均血流速度(mean velocity,Vm)、血管阻力指数(resistance index,RI)、血流变学指标变化情况及临床疗效、不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组有效率为96.67%,对照组有效率为83.33%,观察组有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者治疗后MMSE评分、HDS评分、ADL评分高于治疗前,中医证候积分低于治疗前,且观察组治疗后MMSE评分、HDS评分、ADL评分高于对照组,中医证候积分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者治疗后颅内动脉SPV、EDV、Vm高于治疗前,RI低于治疗前,且观察组治疗后颅内动脉SPV、EDV、Vm高于对照组,RI低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者治疗期间未发现明显不良反应。结论:复方苁蓉益智胶囊联合针刺治疗痰浊阻窍型血管性痴呆,能改善患者精神状态、活动能力、痴呆症状、颅内动脉血流动力学参数及血液流变学指标。

基于脑肾相济理论异病同治论治常见脑髓病

脑髓病是一种常见的神经系统疾病,其对患者的生命质量、生命安全造成不可忽视的恶劣影响。本文通过对脑肾相济理论进行阐述,认为脑为髓海,肾主骨生髓,二者间关系密切,相互影响。故“肾精亏虚,脑髓失充”是脑髓病的重要病机,“填肾精,益脑髓”是治疗脑髓病的基本方法。阿尔茨海默病、血管性痴呆、帕金森病是临床常见的神经系统疾病,三者同属于脑髓病范畴,脑肾相济理论是临床论治脑髓病的常用理论基础,从脑与肾的生理功能与联系出发,认为脑肾相济是精神充沛、情感智能、行为活动的基础。从病理角度出发,认为补肾祛瘀是治疗脑髓病的基本治法。本文基于脑肾相济理论从脑与肾的生理功能,二者间紧密的联系出发,探析脑髓病的病理基础,通过阿尔茨海默病、血管性痴呆、帕金森病具有相同的病机角度,异病同治不同脑髓病,为临床治疗脑髓病提供具有基础、统一、一致的方法,并将典型医案进行分享。

岐黄针治疗非痴呆型血管认知功能障碍临床研究

目的:观察岐黄针治疗非痴呆型血管认知功能障碍(VCIND)的临床疗效,为VCIND提供更丰富的治疗手段。方法:纳入合格受试者共90例,随机分为岐黄针组、针刺组与对照组,各30例,对照组仅采取脑功能认知障碍康复训练,2次/周,30 min/次,针刺组在对照组基础上联用普通针刺,岐黄针组在对照组的基础上联用岐黄针疗法,选取百会、厥阴俞、印堂与肾俞4个穴位,均为2次/周,4周后比较两组蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分、简明精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分、中医证候积分及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)浓度。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后各组MoCA、MMSE及ADL评分均较前升高,中医证候积分、hs-CRP浓度均较前降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后与对照组及针刺组比较,岐黄针组在改善MoCA、MMSE、ADL评分、中医证候积分和抑制炎症反应方面效果更显著,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且总有效率为100%(30/30),高于针刺组的90%(27/30)及对照组的83.33%(25/30)。结论:岐黄针联合脑功能认知障碍康复训练可以显著改善患者的认知能力和生活质量,疗效确切,操作安全,值得临床推广使用。

针刺联合中药治疗缺血性卒中后认知障碍的疗效观察

目的观察针刺联合口服滋阴通络汤治疗缺血性卒中后认知障碍的临床疗效,并观察其对患者脑血流动力学及β淀粉样蛋白1-42(amyloidβ-protein 1-42,Aβ1-42)、胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)、血小板内皮细胞黏附分子-1(platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1,PECAM-1)和tau蛋白水平的影响。方法将90例缺血性卒中后认知障碍患者用随机数字表法分为联合组和对照组,每组45例。对照组予口服滋阴通络汤治疗,联合组予针刺联合口服滋阴通络汤治疗。观察两组治疗前后中国卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度量表(China stroke scale,CSS)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)、功能综合评定量表(functional comprehensive assessment,FCA)和改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)的评分变化,观察两组治疗前后大脑动脉平均血流速度、血流最大峰值和血管阻力指数的变化,比较两组治疗前后正五聚蛋白3(pentraxin 3,PTX3)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)、IGF-1、PECAM-1、Aβ1-42、补体C1q肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白9(complement C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9,CTRP9)、可溶性CD40配体(soluble CD40 ligands,sCD40L)和tau蛋白的水平,比较两组的临床疗效。结果联合组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。联合组治疗后MoCA、FCA和MBI评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),CSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。联合组治疗后大脑动脉血管阻力指数低于对照组(P<0.05),大脑动脉平均血流速度和血流最大峰值高于对照组(P<0.05)。联合组治疗后CTRP9、Aβ1-42和IGF-1含量高于对照组(P<0.05),VCAM-1、PTX-3、sCD40L、PECAM-1和tau蛋白含量低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针刺联合口服滋阴通络汤治疗缺血性卒中后认知障碍可改善患者的神经功能、认知功能和日常生活活动能力,改善大脑动脉血流动力学,疗效优于单纯口服滋阴通络汤治疗;同时可抑制机体炎症反应,调节Aβ1-42、IGF-1、PECAM-1和tau蛋白的水平。