Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this...Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this study,a UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS-based untargeted metabolomics method was used to evaluate the metabolites in leaf tips of 32 sweet potato varieties.Three varieties with distinct overall metabolic profiles(A01,A02,and A03),two varieties with distinct profiles of phenolic acids(A20 and A18),and three varieties with distinct profiles of flavonoids(A05,A12,and A16)were identified.In addition,a total of 163 and 29 differentially expressed metabolites correlated with the color and leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,respectively,were identified through morphological characterization.Group comparison analysis of the phenotypic traits and a metabolite-phenotypic trait correlation analysis indicated that the color differences of sweet potato leaf tips were markedly associated with flavonoids.Also,the level of polyphenols was correlated with the leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,with lobed leaf types having higher levels of polyphenols than the entire leaf types.The findings on the metabolic profiles and differentially expressed metabolites associated with the morphology of sweet potato leaf tips can provide useful information for breeding sweet potato varieties with higher nutritional value.展开更多
As metallic nanoparticles are arranged to form a 2D periodic nano-array,the coupling of the localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)results in the well-known phenomenon of surface lattice resonances(SLRs).We theore...As metallic nanoparticles are arranged to form a 2D periodic nano-array,the coupling of the localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)results in the well-known phenomenon of surface lattice resonances(SLRs).We theoretically investigate the SLR effect of the circular nano-array fabricated on the fiber tips.The difference between the 2D periodic and circular periodic arrays results in different resonant characteristics.For both structures,the resonant peaks due to the SLRs shift continuously as the array structures are adjusted.For some specific arrangements,the circular nano-array may generate a single sharp resonant peak with extremely high enhancement,which originates from the collective coupling of the whole array.More interestingly,the spatial pattern of the vector near-field corresponding to the sharp peak is independent of the polarization state of the incidence,facilitating its excitation and regulation.This finding may be helpful for designing multifunctional all-fiber devices.展开更多
Ecosystems generally have the self-adapting ability to resist various external pressures or disturbances,which is always called resilience.However,once the external disturbances exceed the tipping points of the system...Ecosystems generally have the self-adapting ability to resist various external pressures or disturbances,which is always called resilience.However,once the external disturbances exceed the tipping points of the system resilience,the consequences would be catastrophic,and eventually lead the ecosystem to complete collapse.We capture the collapse process of ecosystems represented by plant-pollinator networks with the k-core nested structural method,and find that a sufficiently weak interaction strength or a sufficiently large competition weight can cause the structure of the ecosystem to collapse from its smallest k-core towards its largest k-core.Then we give the tipping points of structure and dynamic collapse of the entire system from the one-dimensional dynamic function of the ecosystem.Our work provides an intuitive and precise description of the dynamic process of ecosystem collapse under multiple interactions,and provides theoretical insights into further avoiding the occurrence of ecosystem collapse.展开更多
According to the most recent Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG), eupolypods, or eupolypod ferns, are the most differentiated and diversified of all major lineages of ferns, accounting for more than half of extant fern...According to the most recent Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG), eupolypods, or eupolypod ferns, are the most differentiated and diversified of all major lineages of ferns, accounting for more than half of extant fern diversity. However, the evolutionary history of eupolypods remains incompletely understood, and conflicting ideas and scenarios exist in the literature about many aspects of this history. Due to a scarce fossil record, the diversification time of eupolypods mainly inferred from molecular dating approaches. Currently, there are two molecular dating results: the diversification of eupolypods occurred either in the Late Cretaceous or as early as in the Jurassic. This study uses the Bayesian tip-dating approach for the first time to infer the diversification time for eupolypods. Our analyses support the Jurassic diversification for eupolypods. The age estimations for the diversifications of the whole clade and one of its two subclades (the eupolypods II) are both in the Jurassic, which adds to the growing body of data on a much earlier diversification of Polypodiales in the Mesozoic than previously suspected.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the construction and operation of the Food Nutrition and Health Research Center of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(XTXM 202205)the earmarked fund for CARS-10Sweetpotato,and the Guangdong Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System,China(2022KJ111).
文摘Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this study,a UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS-based untargeted metabolomics method was used to evaluate the metabolites in leaf tips of 32 sweet potato varieties.Three varieties with distinct overall metabolic profiles(A01,A02,and A03),two varieties with distinct profiles of phenolic acids(A20 and A18),and three varieties with distinct profiles of flavonoids(A05,A12,and A16)were identified.In addition,a total of 163 and 29 differentially expressed metabolites correlated with the color and leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,respectively,were identified through morphological characterization.Group comparison analysis of the phenotypic traits and a metabolite-phenotypic trait correlation analysis indicated that the color differences of sweet potato leaf tips were markedly associated with flavonoids.Also,the level of polyphenols was correlated with the leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,with lobed leaf types having higher levels of polyphenols than the entire leaf types.The findings on the metabolic profiles and differentially expressed metabolites associated with the morphology of sweet potato leaf tips can provide useful information for breeding sweet potato varieties with higher nutritional value.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12174085)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.B220202018)+1 种基金the Changzhou Science and Technology Program (Grant No.CJ20210130)CAS Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications (Grant No.21YZ03)。
文摘As metallic nanoparticles are arranged to form a 2D periodic nano-array,the coupling of the localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)results in the well-known phenomenon of surface lattice resonances(SLRs).We theoretically investigate the SLR effect of the circular nano-array fabricated on the fiber tips.The difference between the 2D periodic and circular periodic arrays results in different resonant characteristics.For both structures,the resonant peaks due to the SLRs shift continuously as the array structures are adjusted.For some specific arrangements,the circular nano-array may generate a single sharp resonant peak with extremely high enhancement,which originates from the collective coupling of the whole array.More interestingly,the spatial pattern of the vector near-field corresponding to the sharp peak is independent of the polarization state of the incidence,facilitating its excitation and regulation.This finding may be helpful for designing multifunctional all-fiber devices.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72071153 and 72231008)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2020JM-486)the Fund of the Key Laboratory of Equipment Integrated Support Technology(Grant No.6142003190102)。
文摘Ecosystems generally have the self-adapting ability to resist various external pressures or disturbances,which is always called resilience.However,once the external disturbances exceed the tipping points of the system resilience,the consequences would be catastrophic,and eventually lead the ecosystem to complete collapse.We capture the collapse process of ecosystems represented by plant-pollinator networks with the k-core nested structural method,and find that a sufficiently weak interaction strength or a sufficiently large competition weight can cause the structure of the ecosystem to collapse from its smallest k-core towards its largest k-core.Then we give the tipping points of structure and dynamic collapse of the entire system from the one-dimensional dynamic function of the ecosystem.Our work provides an intuitive and precise description of the dynamic process of ecosystem collapse under multiple interactions,and provides theoretical insights into further avoiding the occurrence of ecosystem collapse.
文摘According to the most recent Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG), eupolypods, or eupolypod ferns, are the most differentiated and diversified of all major lineages of ferns, accounting for more than half of extant fern diversity. However, the evolutionary history of eupolypods remains incompletely understood, and conflicting ideas and scenarios exist in the literature about many aspects of this history. Due to a scarce fossil record, the diversification time of eupolypods mainly inferred from molecular dating approaches. Currently, there are two molecular dating results: the diversification of eupolypods occurred either in the Late Cretaceous or as early as in the Jurassic. This study uses the Bayesian tip-dating approach for the first time to infer the diversification time for eupolypods. Our analyses support the Jurassic diversification for eupolypods. The age estimations for the diversifications of the whole clade and one of its two subclades (the eupolypods II) are both in the Jurassic, which adds to the growing body of data on a much earlier diversification of Polypodiales in the Mesozoic than previously suspected.
