Association of DNA methylation/demethylation with the functional outcome of stroke in a hyperinflammatory state

Inflammation is closely related to stroke prognosis, and high inflammation status leads to poor functional outcome in stroke. DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of stroke. However, the effect of DNA methylation on stroke at high levels of inflammation is unclear. In this study, we constructed a hyperinflammatory cerebral ischemia mouse model and investigated the effect of hypomethylation and hypermethylation on the functional outcome. We constructed a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated the mice with lipopolysaccharide to induce a hyperinflammatory state. To investigate the effect of DNA methylation on stroke, we used small molecule inhibitors to restrain the function of key DNA methylation and demethylation enzymes. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, neurological function scores, neurobehavioral tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blot assay were used to evaluate the effects after stroke in mice. We assessed changes in the global methylation status by measuring DNA 5-mc and DNA 5-hmc levels in peripheral blood after the use of the inhibitor. In the group treated with the DNA methylation inhibitor, brain tissue 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining showed an increase in infarct volume, which was accompanied by a decrease in neurological scores and worsening of neurobehavioral performance. The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin 6 and interleukin-1 beta in ischemic brain tissue and plasma were elevated, indicating increased inflammation. Related inflammatory pathway exploration showed significant overactivation of nuclear factor kappa B. These results suggested that inhibiting DNA methylation led to poor functional outcome in mice with high inflammation following stroke. Further, the effects were reversed by inhibition of DNA demethylation. Our findings suggest that DNA methylation regulates the inflammatory response in stroke and has an important role in the functional outcome of hyperinflammatory stroke.

Distinct functions of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b de novo DNA methyltransferases in ES cell proliferation and differentiation

Two de novo DNA methyltransferases, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, have been identified in humans and mice to contribute to the methylation of unmodified DNA. We recently showed a transition of de novo DNA methyltransferase expression from Dnmt3b to Dnmt3a during mouse embryogenesis and in tissue-specific stem cells, suggesting distinct functions of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b during these processes. In this study, to characterize the functions of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b in pluripotent stem cells, we exogenously transfected ES cells with Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b cDNAs linked to an internal ribosome entry site-green fluorescent protein gene, and then analyzed the effects of expression of these de novo DNA methyltransferases on ES cell growth and differentiation. ES cells expressing Dnmt3b showed specific downregulation of pluripotency marker genes such as Nanog and Oct 3/4. In addition, Dnmt3a-transfected ES cells showed a specific increase in mitotic index, while Dnmt3b-transfected ES cells showed a decrease in mitotic index. These results suggest that Dnmt3b has important physiological roles in the initial process of stem cell differentiation and that Dnmt3a has a function in stem cell proliferation.

BRCA1 affects global DNA methylation through regulation of DNMT1

Global DNA hypomethylation at CpG islands coupled with local hypermethylation is a hallmark for breast cancer, yet the mechanism underlying this change remains elusive. In this study, we showed that DNMT1, which encodes a methylation maintenance enzyme, is a transcriptional target of BRCA1. BRCA1 binds to the promoter of the DNMT1 gene through a potential OCT1 site and the binding is required for maintaining a transcriptional active configuration of the promoter in both mouse and human cells. We further demonstrated that impaired function of BRCA1 leads to global DNA hypomethylation, loss of genomic imprinting, and an open chromatin configuration in several types of tissues examined in a BRCA1 mutant mouse model at premaligant stages. BRCA1 deficiency is also associated with significantly increased expression levels of several protooncogenes, including c-Fos, Ha-Ras, and c-Myc, with a higher expression in tumors, while premalignant mammary epithelial cells displayed an intermediate state between tumors and controls. In human clinical samples, reduced expression of BRCA1 correlates with decreased levels of DNMT1, and reduced methylation of CpG islands. Thus, BRCA1 prevents global DNA hypomethylation through positively regulating DNMT1 expression, and this provides one of mechanisms for BRCAl-associated breast cancer formation.

Characterization of MyDNMT1 and Changes of Global DNA Methylation during the Embryonic Development in Mizuhopecten yessoensis

DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic mechanism that influences gene transcription, genomic stability, X-chromosome inactivation and other factors, and appropriate DNA methylation is crucial in development. DNA methyltransferase 1 （DNMT1） plays an important role in maintaining the established methylation pattern during DNA replication. Although the effect of DNA methylation on embryonic development has been well known in vertebrates, little research has been carried out in invertebrates, especially in marine bivalves. In this study, the DNMT1 gene （MyDNMT1） was firstly identified from Mizuhopecten yessoensis. The full-length cDNA of MyDNMT1 was 5 039 bp, consisted of a 5＇ untranslated region （5＇-UTR） of 79 bp, a 3＇ untranslated region （3＇-UTR） of 199 bp, and a 4 761 bp open reading frame （ORF） encoding a peptide of 1 586 amino acids without a putative signal peptide. The relative mRNA expression level of MyDNMT1 was measured during the embryonic development of M. ydssoensis using real-time PCR, which revealed that the level at stage zygote and trochophore were significantly higher than that at other stages. We further examined the global DNA methylation during development by colorimetric method. The results showed that the methylation level was increased and reached the peak at blastula stage, then dramatically decreased, and fluctuated at early D-shaped larva stage. This study provided greater insight into the DNA methylation of embryonic development, which obtained a better understanding of the relationship between the DNA methylation and the embryonic development in bivalve mollusks.

DNA hypomethylation promotes learning and memory recovery in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs learning and memory in patients.Studies have shown that synaptic function is involved in the formation and development of memory,and that DNA methylation plays a key role in the regulation of learning and memory.To investigate the role of DNA hypomethylation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,in this study,we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then treated the rats with intraperitoneal 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine,an inhibitor of DNA methylation.Our results showed that 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine markedly improved the neurological function,and cognitive,social and spatial memory abilities,and dose-dependently increased the synaptic density and the expression of SYP and SHANK2 proteins in the hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.The effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine were closely related to its reduction of genomic DNA methylation and DNA methylation at specific sites of the Syp and Shank2 genes in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These findings suggest that inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine promotes the recovery of learning and memory impairment in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These results provide theoretical evidence for stroke treatment using epigenetic methods.

丹葛解酲汤对酒精性肝病大鼠DNA甲基化转移酶表达的影响

目的观察丹葛解酲汤对酒精性肝病(ALD)大鼠DNA甲基化转移酶(DNMTs)表达的影响。方法将96只SD大鼠随机分为空白组13只、造模组83只,造模组采用白酒灌胃法建立ALD模型,将成功造模的68只大鼠随机分为模型组、丹葛解酲汤高剂量组、丹葛解酲汤低剂量组、益肝灵片组,每组17只,分别进行干预。干预结束后采用赖氏法检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的含量,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清DNMT1、DNMT3a、DNMT3b的含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测肝脏组织中DNMT1、DNMT3a、DNMT3b mRNA表达水平。结果与空白组比较,模型组AST、ALT含量明显升高(P<0.01),DNMT1、DNMT3a含量明显降低(P<0.01),DNMT1mRNA、DNMT3a mRNA、DNMT3b mRNA表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,益肝灵片组AST、ALT、DNMT1、DNMT3a、DNMT1mRNA、DNMT3a mRNA、DNMT3b mRNA明显升高(P<0.01);丹葛解酲汤高剂量组AST、ALT、DNMT1、DNMT3a、DNMT1mRNA、DNMT3a mRNA、DNMT3b mRNA明显升高(P<0.01);丹葛解酲汤低剂量组ALT、DNMT1、DNMT3a mRNA明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论丹葛解酲汤通过上调ALD大鼠DNMTs的表达,进而影响甲基化状态,可能是其防治ALD的作用机制之一。

Changes in Global DNA Methylation Intensity and DNMT1 Transcription During the Aging Process of Scallop Chlamys farreri

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulatory mechanism that influences genomic stability, gene activation, X-chromosome inactivation and other factors. A change in DNA methylation is usually associated with aging and cellular senescence. DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1) is the most abundant DNA methyltransferase, and it plays an important role in maintaining the established methylation pattern during DNA replication in vertebrates. Although the effect of aging on DNA methylation has been well studied in vertebrates, little research has been conducted in invertebrates, especially in marine bivalves. In this study, we examined global DNA methylation levels in four groups of adult Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri at different ages. The results showed that both the age and tissue type had a strong effect on the DNA methylation. In addition, a significant decrease in DNA methylation with aging(1–4 years) can be detected in mantle, kidney and hepatopancreas. We further measured the change in DNMT1 transcript abundance using quantitative reverse transcription PCR(q RT-PCR), which revealed that DNMT1 transcription significantly decreased with aging in mantle and hepatopancreas and strongly correlated with DNA methylation(R = 0.72). Our data provided greater insight into the aging-related decline of DNA methylation, which could aid in gaining a better understanding of the relationship between DNA methylation and the aging process in bivalve mollusks.

药物成瘾诱导相关大脑核团功能和行为改变的DNA甲基化机制

药物成瘾会导致相关神经环路的结构和功能长期改变。大量新的研究证据表明,在DNA序列不变的情况下,药物成瘾可通过影响不同亚型DNA甲基转移酶(DNMTs)的表达,使脑内多个相关核团发生DNA甲基化以及基因表达的改变,进而导致神经元功能的可塑性变化。因此,DNA甲基化被视作导致成瘾行为长期存在的可能机制之一。结合近几年来的重要发现,本文将重点讨论相关脑区的DNA甲基化在成瘾行为发生发展过程中的作用,以及成瘾药物影响DNA甲基化水平的可能机制,并试图提出可深入的研究展望。

DNA甲基化与卵巢肿瘤的研究进展

DNA甲基化是目前肿瘤领域研究中研究最多的表现遗传学机制之一。特殊基因的DNA异常甲基化对于卵巢肿瘤的发生、发展、治疗、预后及肿瘤耐药性都有重要影响。随着DNA甲基化检测水平的提高,DNA甲基化的检测可望成为卵巢肿瘤早期诊断、病情进展、患病风险评估及预后评估的重要的分子生物学诊断方法。

散发性乳腺癌中DNA甲基转移酶1与乳腺癌易感基因1基因甲基化和蛋白表达的相关性

目的本研究通过检测DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)1在散发性乳腺癌中的表达,分析DNMT1与乳腺癌易感基因(BRCA)1蛋白表达及基因启动子甲基化状态的相关性,以探讨DNMT1在散发性乳腺癌中的临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学法检测182例散发性乳腺癌与30例乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中DNMT1蛋白的表达水平,应用甲基特异化聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测97例散发性乳腺癌组织中BRCA1基因启动子区甲基化状态,采用χ2检验、Fisher确切概率法、Spearman等级相关进行统计学分析。结果与乳腺纤维腺瘤相比,乳腺癌组织中DNMT1蛋白表达水平均显著增高(P=0.013);在发生淋巴结转移的组织中DNMT1蛋白表达量增多(P=0.014);用甲基特异化PCR法检测97例乳腺癌标本中BRCA1蛋白基因启动子区甲基化率为19.6%;DNMT1蛋白的表达与BRCA1基因启动子区甲基化呈正相关(r=0.349,P<0.01);BRCA1和DNMT1阳性表达有降低患者总体生存期(OS)(P=0.059,P=0.041)和无病生存期(DFS)(P=0.054,P=0.026)的趋势。结论乳腺癌中DNMT1蛋白高表达与肿瘤侵袭转移相关,并且可能存在DNMT1催化BRCA1基因甲基化,从而下调BRCA1蛋白表达,进而导致乳腺癌患者预后不良的机制,提示抑制DNMT1可能利于乳腺癌的治疗。

DNA甲基化与衰老的相关研究进展

衰老是人类生活中一个自然而渐进的过程。在大多数生物体中,衰老速度与平均寿命成反比,它受遗传、环境、生活方式和疾病等影响。衰老被认为与细胞中各种分子的改变有关,这种改变在人的一生中积累。而DNA甲基化是老化过程中研究最深入和表征最完善的表观遗传修饰之一。DNA甲基化模式的变化被认为是衰老的主要标志之一。自1983年起,用于检测DNA甲基化的技术得到大幅度提升,且其在医学和生物学中的作用取得重大进展。因此,了解衰老过程中发生的DNA甲基化变化是一个主要的研究领域,这将有助于寻找衰老的标识基因和开发新的治疗方法来延缓衰老。

家蚕DNA甲基转移酶功能预测及其在BmNPV感染下的表达特征

【目的】明确家蚕DNA甲基转移酶基因(BmDNMT)生物信息学基本特征及其在家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)感染前后的表达情况,揭示DNA甲基化在家蚕抗病毒免疫方面的作用机制,为挖掘家蚕抗病毒标志基因和药物靶标蛋白等提供理论依据。【方法】通过OrthoDB、MultiLoc2、SherLoc2、PSORTII、SMART、SWISS-MODEL及Schr?dinger等在线生物信息学分析软件进行BmDNMT蛋白氨基酸同源比对、系统进化分析、亚细胞定位、功能结构域预测、三级结构同源建模及小分子配体对接口袋预测,并采用实时荧光定量PCR分析BmDNMT基因在家蚕感染BmNPV后不同时间不同组织中的时空表达特征。【结果】BmDNMT基因包含BmDNMT1和BmDNMT2,分别位于家蚕8号染色体和11号染色体上,其推导BmDNMT氨基酸序列均与烟草天蛾DNMT氨基酸序列的亲缘关系最近。BmDNMT1蛋白大量存在于细胞核,少量分布在细胞质;而BmDNMT2蛋白大量存在于细胞质,少量分布在细胞核及线粒体。BmDNMT1蛋白的功能结构域多于BmDNMT2蛋白,二者均含有DNA甲基化酶功能结构域,且具有潜在药物结合口袋。BmNPV感染会影响BmDNMT1和BmDNMT2基因在家蚕不同组织中表达差异,BmNPV感染4 h后这2个基因在家蚕中肠的表达差异已非常明显,说明家蚕DNA甲基化可能在病毒感染早期已发生,且中肠可能是最早响应的组织。BmNPV感染后,BmDNMT1和BmDNMT2基因的相对表达量和表达趋势并不一致。【结论】BmDNMT1和BmDNMT2基因的染色体位置、亚细胞定位及功能结构域等存在差异,BmNPV感染后二者在家蚕不同组组织中的相对表达量和表达趋势也不一致,推测BmDNMT1和BmDNMT2基因在家蚕DNA甲基化过程中行使不同的功能。BmDNMT1和BmDNMT2蛋白三维结构具有潜在的药物结合口袋,可能是直接影响DNA甲基化状态的药物靶标。

多氯联苯对神经干细胞DNA甲基转移酶活性的影响

目的探讨多氯联苯(PCBs)对神经干细胞(NSCs)DNA甲基转移酶(DNMTs)的影响,研究PCBs导致神经发育损伤的机制。方法分离培养原代NSCs,用免疫荧光技术检测NSCs上Nestin的表达,并诱导分化。NSCs与不同剂量的多氯联苯A1254作用72 h,用比色法测定NSCs DNMTs活性,并用流式细胞仪检测NSCs凋亡情况。结果所培养细胞Nestin表达阳性,能多向分化。A1254能降低DNMT1和DNMT3b的活性,并具有剂量依赖性,同时诱导NSCs凋亡增加。结论多氯联苯可下调DNMTs活性,进而可能影响基因甲基化状态,而导致胎儿神经系统的发育损伤。

DNA甲基化转移酶1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的观察DNA甲基化转移酶1(DNMT1)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织、癌旁组织及正常肺组织中的表达,通过其表达水平的分析,探讨其与临床特征的关系。方法选取睢宁县人民医院胸外科手术切除的肺癌标本,分别取癌组织54例,癌旁组织48例,另取周边正常组织24例为对照组,行免疫组化检测,分析各组织中DNMT1表达差异及与临床各指标之间关系。结果 DNMT1在NSCLC的癌组织、癌旁组织、正常肺组织中阳性表达率分别39/54(72.2%)、30/48(62.5%)、0/24(0%),与正常肺组织比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。DNMT1的表达与NSCLC组织的分化程度、TNM分期、患者的年龄、性别、吸烟、病理类型无相关性。结论 DNMT1在NSCLC癌组织、癌旁组织中出现高表达,在正常肺组织中表达缺失,提示DNMT1参与NSCLC发病机制,可以作为病理诊断NSCLC的标志物。DNMT1与NSCLC的临床特征之间无相关性,不能作为预后的指标。

隐睾发生过程中DNA甲基化状态和甲基化转移酶表达的实验研究

目的研究环境内分泌干扰物邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基已基）酯[Di—（2-ethylhexy）phthalate，DEHP]作用于孕鼠后，胎鼠睾丸组织基因组DNA甲基化水平的变化及3种DNA甲基化转移酶的表达情况；探讨DEHP所致表观遗传修饰改变在睾丸下降过程中的作用。方法妊娠昆明小鼠（KMmice）随机分为3组，即正常对照组、玉米油对照组和DEHP实验组，每组15只。玉米油对照组和DEHP实验组自妊娠第12．5天到妊娠第18．5天分别持续经口予以玉米油和DEHP，用量按每日500mg／kg，正常对照组不予灌药。采用高效液相色谱仪检测基因组DNA甲基化水平，实时荧光定量PCR检测3种DNA甲基化转移酶的表达量。结果正常对照组和玉米油对照组DNA甲基化水平和3种甲基化转移酶的表达均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）：DEHP实验组DNA甲基化水平比对照组增高约10％。与对照组相比，差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．05）；实验组3种甲基化转移酶的表达量均比对照组高，与对照组相比，差异有显著统计学意义（Dnmt1，P〈0．05；Dnmt3a，P〈0．01；Dnmt3b，P〈0．05）。结论环境内分泌干扰物DEHP通过影响3种甲基化转移酶的表达而导致基因组DNA甲基化水平升高，从而抑制睾丸下降过程中多种基因的表达，发生隐睾。DNA甲基化等表观遗传学修饰的改变可能是DEHP诱发隐睾的分子机制之一。

DNA甲基化参与调控马铃薯响应干旱胁迫的关键基因挖掘

植物受到干旱胁迫时,会通过DNA甲基化做出快速反应以帮助其应对胁迫。为探究在干旱胁迫下,DNA甲基化是如何影响基因转录表达,本研究对甘露醇模拟干旱和5-azadC(去甲基化)处理下,抗旱性不同的2个马铃薯品种(抗旱型,青薯9号;干旱敏感型,大西洋)进行转录组学分析,以Fold-change>2和校正后P<0.01进行差异表达基因(DEG)的筛选。GO富集分析发现,2种处理都共同显著富集到氧化应激和碳水化合物代谢过程相关的GO term。说明不同耐旱性马铃薯在响应干旱胁迫时,与这些GO term相关的基因也受DNA去甲基化调控。对既响应干旱又响应DNA去甲基化的1345个DEG进行KEGG功能富集发现,与植物抗旱相关的通路有植物MAPK信号途径、植物激素信号转导途径、植物谷胱甘肽代谢通路、糖酵解与糖异生和磷酸肌醇代谢通路。说明这些通路相关基因在大西洋和青薯9号2个抗旱性不同的马铃薯品种中,响应干旱的敏感性受DNA甲基化调控。接着对DEG上游1500 bp启动子区域进行顺式作用原件和甲基化CpG岛分析发现,干旱胁迫下参与植物谷胱甘肽代谢的GST基因通过DNA去甲基化来降低启动子区ABRE和CAAT-box作用元件的甲基化水平,进而激活该基因的表达以应对干旱胁迫。因此,利用比较转录组学分析干旱和DNA去甲基化处理下的差异基因,可挖掘到DNA甲基化参与调控马铃薯响应干旱胁迫的相关基因,为研究马铃薯干旱胁迫响应的表观遗传学机理提供新的研究思路。

DNA甲基转移酶1在一氧化氮合酶抑制剂诱导的滋养细胞自噬中的作用

目的探讨DNA甲基转移酶1(DNMT1)在一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-NAME诱导的胎盘滋养细胞自噬中的作用。方法 L-NAME干预滋养细胞后,Western blot检测LC3BⅡ/Ⅰ和p62的表达;qRT-PCR和Western blot检测DNMT1的表达水平;另外,干扰和过表达DNMT1后,检测LC3BⅡ/Ⅰ和p62的表达水平。结果与对照组比较,L-NAME组LC3BⅡ/Ⅰ蛋白表达增加,而p62表达显著降低(P <0.05);且DNMT1表达降低(P <0.05)。另外,干扰DNMT1后,LC3BⅡ/Ⅰ蛋白表达升高,而p62降低(P <0.05);相反,过表达DNMT1后,LC3BⅡ/Ⅰ蛋白表达降低,而p62表达增加。结论 DNMT1能够抑制L-NAME诱导的胎盘滋养细胞发生自噬。

DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂5-氮杂-2'-脱氧胞苷的抗胃肠道肿瘤机制研究

目的 观察DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂5-氮杂-2＇-脱氧胞苷（5-Aza-2＇-deoxycytidine,5-Aza-CdR）对胃癌细胞生长的影响.方法 将野生型P53人胃癌细胞株AGS细胞,加入不同浓度的5-Aza-CdR,体外培养至不同时间.MTT法检测细胞增殖活性;平板细胞克隆形成实验检测细胞长期增殖活性（0 ～2.5 μM）;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化（25 μM,0、12、48、96 h）;Annexin V/PI双染实验检测细胞凋亡情况（2.5 μM,0、12、48、96 h）;比色法检测Caspase-3活力、Western blot检测Caspase-3前体蛋白及PARP（poly ADP-ribose polymerase,PARP）蛋白的含量（2.5 μM,0、12、48、96 h）.结果 随着5-Aza-CdR浓度增加,对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用亦增强,在50 μM作用72 h时,细胞存活率达最低值（31.9％）;随着药物处理时间的延长,胃癌AGS细胞凋亡增多,96 h的2.5μM 5-Aza-CdR作用下,细胞的生长抑制达到了最高峰（44.4％）,且其抑制作用表现为浓度和时间依赖性.5-Aza-CdR对肿瘤细胞长期生长有影响,克隆形成抑制率呈线性增加.流式细胞仪分析结果显示,随5-Aza-CdR作用时间延长,G2期细胞比例从0h的（5.7±0.2）％增加到96h的（28.5±0.2）％.随着药物作用时间的累加,其凋亡率逐渐增加,各时间组的细胞凋亡率与空白对照组之间的差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.与空白对照组比较,Caspase-3活力在药物处理48、96 h后显著提高（P＜0.05）,但12 h AGS细胞的Caspase-3活力无变化;48 h Caspase-3前体比12h和未用5-Aza-CdR时明显减少,96 h减少最为明显;PARP在AGS细胞内经5-Aza-CdR作用48 h后亦被活化,96h后几乎检测不到PARP的存在.结论 5-氮杂-2＇-脱氧胞苷,能增强肿瘤细胞对化疗药的敏感性,可作为一种有效的抗胃肠道肿瘤药,.

DNA甲基化与肿瘤诊断

DNA甲基化异常是人类肿瘤中常见的表观遗传变化之一,伴随着肿瘤的发生和发展,且该异常现象在肿瘤患者的外周循环血清、血浆和尿液等体液中都可检测到。因此,利用DNA甲基化分析技术检测体液中特定分子DNA甲基化水平是肿瘤早期诊断、病程监控和疗效评估的潜在手段,对临床肿瘤的诊治意义重大。

DNA甲基转移酶活性对NNK α-亚甲基羟基化代谢的影响

为准确评价DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)的活性对4-(甲基亚硝氨基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK)通过α-亚甲基羟基化代谢途径产生O^6-甲基鸟嘌呤(O^6-mG)的影响,采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱(UPLC-HRMS)方法,分别对100 mg/kg NNK染毒后的生理盐水处理组、地西他滨处理组小鼠肝脏和肺中DNMT的活性、DNA甲基化程度,以及4-(3-吡啶基)-4-氧代丁酸(OPBA)、4-(3-吡啶基)-4-羟基丁酸(HPBA)和O^6-mG的质量分数进行了测定。结果表明:(1)地西他滨能够抑制DNA甲基转移酶活性,降低DNA甲基化水平。(2)地西他滨对NNK通过α-亚甲基羟基化代谢产生OPBA和HPBA的途径无显著影响。(3)抑制DNA甲基转移酶的活性,能减少NNK通过α-亚甲基羟基化代谢产生O^6-mG的量。