“燕许大手笔”与唐代文风演变

唐文三变,已成为唐代文学研究中的学术共识,但"三变"之一的"燕许大手笔"张说、苏颋在文章写作中所使用的革新策略及其对唐代文风演变所产生的文学效应,尚未得到学界的深入关注。张说、苏颋之文,虽未跳出初盛唐之际以骈为宗的主流,但在文学内质上有所提升,在风格气势上也有所突破,革华靡,除富艳,质实朴素,景象浑厚。张、苏对文体文风变革的探索与尝试,对中唐以后的散文革新提供了有益启示。

New Sri Lankan Crown Rump Length Chart

Introduction Accurate pregnancy dating is important for many aspects of obstetric care at individual level as well as population level. Traditionally, pregnancy dating has done by adding 9 months and 7 days to the last menstrual period (LMP) using Naegele’s formula. Determination of gestational age by ultrasound is more precise. Most commonly used parameters are mean sac diameter, gestation sac volume, crown-rump length (CRL), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC) and femur length (FL). After 24 weeks, gestational age cannot be accurately determined by ultrasound scans. The biological variability of CRL is small and growth is very rapid. There are many factors that can affect CRL such as measurement errors, differences in growth rates between individuals, fetal sex and maternal conditions such as diabetes mellitus. A correctly performed measurement of CRL is the most accurate way of estimating the gestational age in early pregnancy from 8 weeks to 13 weeks + 6 days. Objectives Our study aims were to prepare a new Crown Rump Length chart with Sri Lankan population data and to compare new CRL chart with existing intergrowth CRL chart. Method Prospective observational study with recruitment of subjects by Quota sampling technique was carried out from April 2015 to March 2016. Spontaneously conceived uncomplicated singleton pregnancies with normal Body Mass Index (BMI) 18.5 - 23 kg/m2 were recruited at the time of registration to antenatal care. Consenting woman with known LMP with regular cycles in preceding 3 months were undergone ultrasound examination only once at gestational age (GA) ranging from 8 weeks to 13 weeks + 6 days. If ultrasound dating was different from LMP dating by more than 5 days in pregnancies with POA less than 9 weeks and dating differences more than 7 days in pregnancies between 9 weeks and 14 weeks were excluded. Pregnancies complicated with uncertain viability, congenital anomalies and spontaneous miscarriage were excluded from statistical analysis. Data collection done with pre-tested interviewer administered form and analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results A total of 653 subjects were recruited for the study and 557 turned up for ultrasound dating assessment. Dating discrepancy and multiple pregnancies excluded 31 subjects, uncertain viability and spontaneous miscarriage excluded 15 subjects resulting 511 subjects for final statistical analysis. The mean CRL increased with GA almost linearly from day 56 to 97. Conclusions We have produced new CRL chart based on Sri Lankan data and it can be used for clinical practice in Sri Lanka. There is no statistically significant difference between our CRL chart and intergrowth CRL chart.

勉略构造带新元古代中期构造演化特征:来自略阳关天门变质沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学的证据

秦岭南缘勉略构造带略阳关天门地区发育有一套绿片岩相-低角闪岩相岩石组合,是勉略构造带内强烈韧性变形的变质沉积岩系,其形成时代和构造属性长期存在争议,制约区域大地构造演化的研究。为查明其形成时代与构造背景,对其中的变质细碎屑岩进行系统的岩石学、碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究。2件碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄样品的年龄分布特征相似,主要年龄区间为新元古代早中期(ca.880~800 Ma),并且显示出ca.830 Ma的显著峰值;最年轻的一组碎屑锆石年龄为747~736 Ma(平均年龄742±6 Ma)。地球化学研究结果表明,关天门变沉积岩原岩应为一套细碎屑岩偶夹碳酸盐岩的沉积组合,原岩经历了较低程度的化学风化和沉积物再旋回,其物源主要为大陆岛弧背景下的中-酸性岩浆岩。结合区域已有研究成果,认为关天门变沉积岩的物源主要为碧口微地块、汉南—米仓山微地块的新元古代早中期岩浆弧。通过野外地质调查,并与已有的区域碎屑锆石年龄谱系进行对比,认为关天门变沉积岩岩片的沉积时代应晚于碧口微地块横丹群形成的时间(720 Ma),即关天门变沉积岩岩片的沉积时限应晚于720 Ma,形成于新元古代中期伸展裂陷体制,是Rodinia超大陆裂解过程的响应。

《庄子》札记三则

在先秦典籍中,《庄子》一书中蕴含着丰富的语汇资料,也为后人解读此书带来了不少困难。长期以来,人们对其中的“逍遥”、“大方”、“迳庭”等词语的理解一直存在着偏差,需要进一步澄清。《庄子》中“逍遥”、“大方”、“迳庭”三个词语分别应作“无事”、“大国”、“偏激”来理解。

论苏轼《定风波·莫听穿林打叶声》的经典化历程及其古今差异

《定风波·莫听穿林打叶声》是苏轼贬谪黄州期间的代表作之一,备受当下大众与学者的关注。但这首词的经典化历程并非一帆风顺:自问世起便一直寂寂无闻,直至进入20世纪才受到肯定与重视,最终成就经典地位。关于此词经典化之古今差异,究其原因有二:一是体现鲜明时代性的社会文化背景,二是由现当代阐释深入挖掘的思想内涵。

明万历贵阳李达夫妇墓志铭考释

2008年出土于贵阳市郊小河开发区小罗解罗山、后存放于花溪区孟关乡石龙村李氏宗祠内的《皇明登仕郎东冈李公暨配孺人王氏合葬墓志铭》,系明万历甲寅年(1614)镌刻,为山西进士张庭、贵州进士马文卿、蒋杰分别撰文、书丹、篆盖之作。该墓志铭的发现,对研究明末贵阳李氏家族史及地方人文历史,提供了实物依据,可纠补地方史志之阙失,具有较高的文物价值和史料价值。明末诗人、书法家蒋杰书迹,系在贵州境内首次发现,堪称瑰宝。志石因出土年久,铭文剥蚀,且残损严重,故有对之进行介绍、考释之必要。

以“无赖”反击荒谬:太宰治笔下“边缘人”形象分析——以《人间失格》为例

太宰治是“无赖派”的代表作家,《人间失格》是其晚期代表作。作品通过塑造大庭叶藏等人物,体现出反叛传统、追求自由的艺术主张。作品运用个体叙述等叙事技巧描摹并揭露当时社会的丑陋,运用“零度情感”等手法客观冷静地展现民众内心的迷茫与不安,具有新写实主义的特征。小说中的主人公试图通过堕落等方式进行发泄和反抗,集中体现大庭叶藏内心对“人间”的复杂情感和对“生与死”的思考。研究《人间失格》中的“无赖形象”及其塑造手法,对分析日本战后文学发展、当时社会的发展状况具有重要意义。

当归补血药对对血虚便秘模型大鼠的治疗作用

目的:观察当归补血药对对血虚便秘模型大鼠的治疗作用。方法:用乙酰苯肼、环磷酰胺和洛哌丁胺联合复制血虚便秘大鼠模型,观察当归补血药对(当归-黄芪、当归-白芍、当归-熟地黄)对血虚便秘大鼠体征、体重、外周血象、排便情况、肠道传输时间和结肠组织形态的影响,研究当归补血药对的补血润肠作用;ELISA法测定大鼠血清胆囊收缩素(CCK-8)、β-内啡肽(β-EP)、胃动素(MOT)和生长抑素(SS)的含量变化,研究当归补血药对对血虚便秘模型大鼠胃肠激素的影响;从外周血象和血清胃肠激素水平两方面用偏最小二乘判别分析法(PLS-DA)综合分析当归补血药对对模型大鼠的治疗规律,初步比较当归补血药对润肠通便的差异。结果:单用当归及当归补血药对(6g/kg)均能不同程度改善模型大鼠便秘症状和血虚体征,使大鼠12h排便量和粪便含水量显著增加;与模型对照组比较,单用当归、当归-黄芪和当归-熟地黄均能显著缩短首粒黑便排出时间,均显著升高模型大鼠白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)和红细胞压积(HCT);单用当归的大鼠血清CCK-8、MOT含量显著升高、血清β-EP含量显著降低,当归-黄芪和当归-熟地黄组大鼠血清MOT含量显著升高,血清β-EP、SS含量显著降低;当归-白芍组大鼠血清β-EP、SS含量显著降低;PLS-DA综合分析显示,WBC、HGB和血清CCK-8是研究当归补血药对润肠通便效应的关键指标,当归-黄芪、当归-熟地黄药对具有较强的作用优势。结论:当归及当归补血药对对血虚便秘模型大鼠具有确定的治疗作用,其作用机制可能与调节外周血象和体内CCK-8、MOT、β-EP、SS的含量有关,当归-黄芪、当归-熟地黄药对的效应较强。

葶苈大枣泻肺汤辅助化疗治疗肺癌恶性胸腔积液临床研究

目的 评价葶苈大枣泻肺汤联合顺铂治疗肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者的疗效。方法 将符合入选标准的90例肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者，采用随机数字表法分为2组，每组45例。对照组胸腔灌注顺铂化疗，观察组在对照组基础上服用葶苈大枣泻肺汤。2组均治疗4周。分别于治疗前后进行症状、体征评分；采用Karnofsky量表评价患者生活质量；评价临床疗效，记录不良反应。结果 观察组总有效率为71.1%（32/45）、对照组为64.4%（29/45），2组比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.600，P=0.659）。治疗后，观察组症状、体征积分[（8.9±1.3）分比（13.2±1.6）分，t=13.927]低于对照组（P＜0.01）。观察组生活质量改善率为95.6%（43/45）、对照组为80.0%（36/45），2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.957，P=0.019）。治疗期间，2组不良反应发生率均为53.3%（24/45），2组比较差异无统计意义（P＞0.05）。结论 葶苈大枣泻肺汤辅助化疗可提高肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者的生活质量，改善患者症状、体征，疗效与单纯使用顺铂化疗相近。