Objective To investigate the effect of ambient air pollution on human health and the subsequent disabillty-adjusted life years （DALYs） lost in Shanghai. Methods We used epidemiology-based exposure-response functions...Objective To investigate the effect of ambient air pollution on human health and the subsequent disabillty-adjusted life years （DALYs） lost in Shanghai. Methods We used epidemiology-based exposure-response functions to calculate the attributable number of cases due to air pollution in Shanghai in 2000, and then we estimated the corresponding DALYs lost in Shanghai based on unit DALYs values of the health consequences. Results Ambient air pollution caused 103 064 DALYs lost in Shanghai in 2000. Among all the health endpoints, premature deaths and chronic bronchitis predominated in the value of total DALYs lost. Conclusion The air pollution levels have an adverse effect on the general population health and strengthen the rationale for limiting the levels of air pollution in outdoor air in Shanghai.展开更多
Economic burdens of injuries at the country level are unknown. In the current study we tried to explore the economic burden of DALYs loss due to injuries at the country level, then distributed according to the World B...Economic burdens of injuries at the country level are unknown. In the current study we tried to explore the economic burden of DALYs loss due to injuries at the country level, then distributed according to the World Bank’s income groups. Methods: Data from the World Bank and the World Health Organization websites were used. Disability adjusted life year (DALY) and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were used to estimate the economic loss for RTIs. Estimates of economic burdens were presented in tables and figures. Results: The total economic loss of the world during 2004 by means of DALYs due to injuries was 613. 144 billion USD, corresponding value of 848.205 billion USD in 2014. DALYs burden of injuries were concentrated (almost 75%) among low and lower middle income countries. Economic burdens of injuries were concentrated (over 80%) among higher middle and high income countries. Iraq had lost almost one-fifth of its GDP due to injuries. The USA had the highest amount of economic loss for injuries (169.136 billion USD) among all countries. Conclusion: Injuries are highly expensive and they account for heavy losses to GDP. Injury prevention should be prioritized in order to save such losses to life and economies.展开更多
目的分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤流行情况与疾病负担特征,为广西恶性肿瘤防治提供参考。方法根据广西56个肿瘤登记地区上报的2019年肿瘤登记数据,计算2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病率、中国人口年龄标准化发病率(简称中标发病率)、死亡率、中国人...目的分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤流行情况与疾病负担特征,为广西恶性肿瘤防治提供参考。方法根据广西56个肿瘤登记地区上报的2019年肿瘤登记数据,计算2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病率、中国人口年龄标准化发病率(简称中标发病率)、死亡率、中国人口年龄标准化死亡率(简称中标死亡率),分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况;计算伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLLs)等指标,评价2019年广西恶性肿瘤的疾病负担。结果2019年广西56个肿瘤登记地区报告恶性肿瘤新发病例数为71430例,粗发病率为219.87/10万,中标发病率为172.17/10万;报告恶性肿瘤死亡数为45485例,粗死亡率为140.01/10万,中标死亡率为105.25/10万。2019年广西全部恶性肿瘤合计损失的DALYs为660930.15人年,YLLs占DALYs的97.4%,DALYs率为2034.40/10万。2019年广西恶性肿瘤的发病率、死亡率及DALYs率呈现男性高于女性、城市地区高于农村地区的特点。此外,在广西5个地理区域中,恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率及DALYs率最高的地区分别是桂北地区、桂南地区和桂西地区。2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病前10位癌种分别是肝癌、肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、子宫体癌、前列腺癌和甲状腺癌,发病数占全部恶性肿瘤的75.3%;恶性肿瘤死亡前10位癌种分别是肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、女性乳腺癌、子宫颈癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌、白血病和脑癌,死亡数占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的82.1%。结论2019年广西恶性肿瘤的疾病负担仍处于较高水平,具有明显的性别差异及地区差异。肝癌、肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌以及鼻咽癌等仍是广西重点防控的恶性肿瘤。此外,甲状腺癌发病顺位上升到恶性肿瘤发病顺位第10位,应重点关注并及早采取措施加以防范。展开更多
目的:量化评估我国60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤的疾病负担,为我国恶性肿瘤的防控提供流行病学证据。方法:本研究收集了2008-2019年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤患者的发病和死亡数据,计算伤残调整生命年(disability ad...目的:量化评估我国60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤的疾病负担,为我国恶性肿瘤的防控提供流行病学证据。方法:本研究收集了2008-2019年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤患者的发病和死亡数据,计算伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALY)分析其疾病负担,使用Joinpoint模型对其进行时间趋势分析。结果:2005-2016年,我国老年人恶性肿瘤所致DALY共计25921678人年,DALY率波动范围为73.43‰~84.07‰,并以年均1.2%(95%CI:0.8%~1.5%)的速率下降。2005-2016年我国老年人寿命损失最多的恶性肿瘤是肺癌,年均寿命损失为28454人年,其次为胃癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌,以上五种肿瘤造成的寿命损失约占全部恶性肿瘤所致寿命损失的74.3%。85岁以上年龄组女性肺癌的DALY率随时间呈上升趋势(AAPC=1.8%,95%CI:0.7%~2.9%)。乳腺癌仅在女性60~64岁年龄组中排名前五,DALY率也呈上升趋势(AAPC=2.2%,95%CI:1.3%~3.0%)。随着年龄的增长,肝癌造成的疾病负担减轻,结直肠癌造成的疾病负担增加。结论:2005-2016年,我国老年人恶性肿瘤疾病负担有所下降,且存在年龄、性别、地区和恶性肿瘤类型差异。因此,相关部门应继续针对不同恶性肿瘤的分布特征,采取更加精准的防控措施,合理分配卫生资源,达到更加有效降低恶性肿瘤疾病负担的目标。展开更多
基金This work was supported by Energy Foundation through Grant G-0309-07094 and Shanghai Municipal Committee of Science and Technology through Grant 03DZ05052. Hai-Dong KAN was personally supported by Shanghai Rising-Star Program for Young Investigators (04QMX1402).
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of ambient air pollution on human health and the subsequent disabillty-adjusted life years （DALYs） lost in Shanghai. Methods We used epidemiology-based exposure-response functions to calculate the attributable number of cases due to air pollution in Shanghai in 2000, and then we estimated the corresponding DALYs lost in Shanghai based on unit DALYs values of the health consequences. Results Ambient air pollution caused 103 064 DALYs lost in Shanghai in 2000. Among all the health endpoints, premature deaths and chronic bronchitis predominated in the value of total DALYs lost. Conclusion The air pollution levels have an adverse effect on the general population health and strengthen the rationale for limiting the levels of air pollution in outdoor air in Shanghai.
文摘Economic burdens of injuries at the country level are unknown. In the current study we tried to explore the economic burden of DALYs loss due to injuries at the country level, then distributed according to the World Bank’s income groups. Methods: Data from the World Bank and the World Health Organization websites were used. Disability adjusted life year (DALY) and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were used to estimate the economic loss for RTIs. Estimates of economic burdens were presented in tables and figures. Results: The total economic loss of the world during 2004 by means of DALYs due to injuries was 613. 144 billion USD, corresponding value of 848.205 billion USD in 2014. DALYs burden of injuries were concentrated (almost 75%) among low and lower middle income countries. Economic burdens of injuries were concentrated (over 80%) among higher middle and high income countries. Iraq had lost almost one-fifth of its GDP due to injuries. The USA had the highest amount of economic loss for injuries (169.136 billion USD) among all countries. Conclusion: Injuries are highly expensive and they account for heavy losses to GDP. Injury prevention should be prioritized in order to save such losses to life and economies.
文摘目的分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤流行情况与疾病负担特征,为广西恶性肿瘤防治提供参考。方法根据广西56个肿瘤登记地区上报的2019年肿瘤登记数据,计算2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病率、中国人口年龄标准化发病率(简称中标发病率)、死亡率、中国人口年龄标准化死亡率(简称中标死亡率),分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况;计算伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLLs)等指标,评价2019年广西恶性肿瘤的疾病负担。结果2019年广西56个肿瘤登记地区报告恶性肿瘤新发病例数为71430例,粗发病率为219.87/10万,中标发病率为172.17/10万;报告恶性肿瘤死亡数为45485例,粗死亡率为140.01/10万,中标死亡率为105.25/10万。2019年广西全部恶性肿瘤合计损失的DALYs为660930.15人年,YLLs占DALYs的97.4%,DALYs率为2034.40/10万。2019年广西恶性肿瘤的发病率、死亡率及DALYs率呈现男性高于女性、城市地区高于农村地区的特点。此外,在广西5个地理区域中,恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率及DALYs率最高的地区分别是桂北地区、桂南地区和桂西地区。2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病前10位癌种分别是肝癌、肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、子宫体癌、前列腺癌和甲状腺癌,发病数占全部恶性肿瘤的75.3%;恶性肿瘤死亡前10位癌种分别是肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、女性乳腺癌、子宫颈癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌、白血病和脑癌,死亡数占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的82.1%。结论2019年广西恶性肿瘤的疾病负担仍处于较高水平,具有明显的性别差异及地区差异。肝癌、肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌以及鼻咽癌等仍是广西重点防控的恶性肿瘤。此外,甲状腺癌发病顺位上升到恶性肿瘤发病顺位第10位,应重点关注并及早采取措施加以防范。
文摘目的:量化评估我国60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤的疾病负担,为我国恶性肿瘤的防控提供流行病学证据。方法:本研究收集了2008-2019年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤患者的发病和死亡数据,计算伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALY)分析其疾病负担,使用Joinpoint模型对其进行时间趋势分析。结果:2005-2016年,我国老年人恶性肿瘤所致DALY共计25921678人年,DALY率波动范围为73.43‰~84.07‰,并以年均1.2%(95%CI:0.8%~1.5%)的速率下降。2005-2016年我国老年人寿命损失最多的恶性肿瘤是肺癌,年均寿命损失为28454人年,其次为胃癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌,以上五种肿瘤造成的寿命损失约占全部恶性肿瘤所致寿命损失的74.3%。85岁以上年龄组女性肺癌的DALY率随时间呈上升趋势(AAPC=1.8%,95%CI:0.7%~2.9%)。乳腺癌仅在女性60~64岁年龄组中排名前五,DALY率也呈上升趋势(AAPC=2.2%,95%CI:1.3%~3.0%)。随着年龄的增长,肝癌造成的疾病负担减轻,结直肠癌造成的疾病负担增加。结论:2005-2016年,我国老年人恶性肿瘤疾病负担有所下降,且存在年龄、性别、地区和恶性肿瘤类型差异。因此,相关部门应继续针对不同恶性肿瘤的分布特征,采取更加精准的防控措施,合理分配卫生资源,达到更加有效降低恶性肿瘤疾病负担的目标。
