North-south Differentiation of the Hydrocarbon Accumulation Pattern of Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingmaili Low Uplift,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

By analyzing the characteristics of development, structural evolution and reservoir beds of the residual carbonate strata, this study shows that the residual carbonate strata in the Yingmaili low uplift are favorable oil and gas accumulation series in the Tabei （northern Tarim uplift） uplift. There are different patterns of hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern and southern slopes of the Yingmaili low uplift. The north-south differentiation of oil reservoirs were caused by different lithologies of the residual carbonate strata and the key constraints on the development of the reservoir beds. The Mesozoic terrestrial organic matter in the Kuqa depression and the Palaeozoic marine organic matter in the Manjiaer sag of the Northern depression are the major hydrocarbon source rocks for the northern slope and southern slope respectively. The hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern and southern slopes is controlled by differences in maturity and thermal evolution history of these two kinds of organic matter. On the southern slope, the oil accumulation formed in the early stage was destroyed completely, and the period from the late Hercynian to the Himalayian is the most important time for hydrocarbon accumulation. However, the time of hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern slope began 5 Ma B.P. Carbonate inner buried anticlines reservoirs are present on the southern slope, while weathered crust and paleo-buried hill karst carbonate reservoirs are present on the northern slope. The northern and southern slopes had different controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation respectively. Fracture growth in the reservoir beds is the most important controlling factor on the southern slope; while hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern slope is controlled by weathered crust and cap rock.

Effects of Land Use on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soils and Sources Analysis

Heavy metal accumulation and its influential factors were studied in the different land use soils, which would provide a theoretical basis for controlling the content of heavy metals in soils. To identify the effects of land use on the accumulation of heavy metals in soils, 148 soil samples were collected from four land use patterns including greenhouse field, uncovered vegetable field, maize field, and forest field in Siping area of Jilin Province, China, and Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Pb, and Zn contents of those samples were determined with ICP and ICP-Mass. The result showed that there was a rather large difference in effects of the accumulation of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Zn in soils under different land use patterns, except Pb. Based on the assessment which compared with background concentrations in soil, the higher accumulation of heavy metals was found in greenhouse and uncovered vegetable field, much less in maize field and forest field. The mean contents of heavy metals in soils from high to low were arranged in order of greenhouse field, uncovered vegetable field, maize field, and forest field. Cd and Cu had relatively serious accumulation in soils compared to Cr, Ni, As, and Zn. The mean content of Cd in greenhouse field was 0.467 mg kg-x,which exceeded the grade II of the Chinese Soil Quality Criterion GB15618-1995 （6.5 〈pH〈7.5） for Cd standard of 0.3 mg kg^-1, while it was 5.2 times of Cd standard in the forest fields. The mean contents ofCr, Ni, Cu, As, Pb, and Zn in soils under four land use patterns were lower than the grade II of the Chinese Soil Quality Criterion. Compared with the soil cultivated years, the agricultural chemical compounds and manures application, especially the quality and quantity of applied fertilizer was one of the main reasons for leading to different accumulation of heavy metals in soils under the studied land use patterns. The accumulation of heavy metals, such as Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Zn in soils was significantly affected by land use patterns, among them the accumulation of heavy metals in greenhouse soils was higher than others. It is suggested that the application of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and pesticides with high contents of heavy metals should be avoided to prevent the accumulation of heavy metal and keep high quality soils for sustainable use.

Source-Contacting Gas: Accumulation Mechanism and Distribution in China

Source-contacting gas, which is also called basin-center gas, deep basin gas, is the tight-sand gas accumulation contacting closely to its source rocks. Having different accumulation mechanisms from conventional gas reservoirs that are formed by replacement way, the typical source-contacting gas reservoirs are formed by piston-typed migration forward way. Source-contacting gas accumulations exhibit a series of distinctly mechanic characteristics. According to the valid combination of these characteristics, the estimation for the type of discovered gas reservoirs or distributions of source-contacting gas reservoirs can be forecasted. The source-contacting gas is special for having no edge water or bottom water for gas and complicated gas-water relationships, which emphasizes the intimate association of reservoir rocks with source rocks, which is called the root of the gas reservoir. There are many basins having the mechanic conditions for source-contacting gas accumulations in China, which can be divided into three regions. Most of the basins with favorable accumulation conditions are located mainly in the central and western China. According to the present data, basins having source-contacting gas accumulations in China can be divided into three types, accumulation conditions and configuration relationships are the best in type A basins and they are the larger basins in central China. Type B basins with plain accumulation conditions exist primarily in eastern China and also the basins in western China. Accumulation conditions and exploration futures are worse in type C basins, which refer mainly to the small basins in southern China and China Sea basins. Main source-contacting gas basins in China are thoroughly discussed in this paper and the distribution patterns of source-contacting gas in five huge basins are discussed and forecasted.

On Lacustrine Depositional Systems and Coal Accumulation in Baise Basin

Baise basin is a semi-graben type , pan-shaped faulted basin of Early Tertiary , in which carbonate lacustrine deposits and elastic lacustrine deposits developed . The assemblages of Gilbert-type delta-lakes ,littoral ,shallow and deep water fades are recognized . Based on grain size , the clastic lacustrine deposit systems can be grouped in three kinds of depositional sequences of progressive deposition : (1)from coarse to fine , (2)from fine to coarse and (3) from fine to coarse and then to fine agan . This was controlled mainly by hydrodynamic factor of lake bottom type .Lake shore was an important place for coal accumulation and peatmoor development . It had long time for coal accumulation and there was a very little amount of minerals into the basin ,and the thick coal layer and high quality coal developed m the zone where initial lake bottom was plan-like and the surface stream flow was weak .Peat accumulation advanced from the margin to the center of basin .Carbonate lakes contained much water ,very high preponderant contenis of coagel ,low inert contents and no fusinite in the coal .

Using compositional data analysis to explore accumulation of sedentary behavior,physical activity and youth health

Purpose:The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions,focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity(PA),and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers.Methods:Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled(complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data,n=782).A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis:time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior;time in shorter and longer bouts of light-,moderate-,or vigorous-intensity PA;and"other time"(i.e.,non-wear/sleep).Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as<5 min and>5 min,respectively.Shorter bouts of light-,moderate-,and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as<1 min;longer bouts were defined as≥1 min.Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Then,associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns,and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and"other time",and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Results:Confounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity,blood pressure,lipids,and the summary score.Specifically,more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score(zBMI)(β=1.79;SE=0.68)and waist circumference(β=18.35,SE=4.78).When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and"other time",more time in light-and vigorous-intensity PA,and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA,were associated with lower waist circumference.Conclusion:Accumulating PA,particularly light-intensity PA,in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts.

Main Controlling Factors and Accumulation Model of Chang 9 Reservoir in Northwest Ordos Basin, China

In northwestern Ordos Basin, the Triassic reservoir Chang 9 has favorable reservoir forming conditions, extensive reservoir development, and huge potential for oil exploration and exploitation. Studying the main controlling factors and accumulation model of Chang 9 reservoir in this area can provide a basis for the production targets, and assist in formulating reasonable development technology policy. In this paper, to explore and summarize the hydrocarbon accumulation model, the Chang 9 reservoir were analyzed from the aspects of oil source, fracture, oil migration, structure, lithology and reservoir physical properties for the main controlling factors in this area. Organic geochemical and geological comprehensive analysis that the oil-source of the Chang 9 reservoir in the northwest of Ordos Basin is derived from Chang 7 hydrocarbon source rocks. The fractures provide a sound channel for the "vertical multi-point filling" of the oil source from Chang 7 to Chang 9. The crude oil migrates vertically from Chang 7 to Chang 9, then expands horizontally to form a reservoir. Structures play an important role in controlling the distribution of reservoirs, the control by sand in small layer and physical property is also obvious. This paper creatively establishes the reservoir accumulation model of Chang 9 in northwest of Ordos Basin, which is characterized by Vertical multi-point filling, horizontal expansion becomes oil pool. It reveals the genetic mechanism of the development of Chang 9 multi-reservoir in the study area, which provides guidance for exploration and evaluation deployment.

Effects of Planting and Irrigation Patterns on Water Consumption Characteristics and Dry Matter Production in Winter Wheat

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different planting and irrigation patterns on water consumption characteristics and dry matter produc- tion and allocation of winter wheat. [Method] With high-yield winter wheat cultivar Jimai 22 as the experimental material, field experiment was conducted during 2008- 2010. A total of 3 planting patterns were designed, uniform row, wide-narrow row and furrow. Under each planting pattern, total four irrigation patterns were designed, no irrigation （Wo）, irrigation at jointing state （Wl）, irrigation at jointing and anthesis stages （W2） and irrigation at jointing, anthesis and milking stages （W3）, and the irri- gation amount per treatment was all 60 mm. [Result] Under the three planting pat- terns, with the increased irrigation amount, the total water consumption of the exper- imental field increased; the proportion of irrigation in the total water consumption in- creased, and that of soil water consumption in the total water consumption de- creased significantly. Compared with W0 treatment, various irrigation treatments sig- nificantly increased the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation in wheat plants; with the increased irrigation amount, the grain yield under the three planting patterns all increased, while the water use efficiency （WUE） decreased. Under the same irriga- tion conditions, compared with other two planting patterns, furrow planting increased the total water consumption of the experimental field, increased the proportion of soil water consumption in the total water consumption, and improved the WUE and wheat grain yield. [Conclusion] Under the experimental conditions, considering both wheat grain yield and WUE, furrow planting with moderately deficit irrigation at joint- ing and anthesis stages is more suitable for the winter wheat production in North China Plain.

Ecologically based landscape pattern optimization in northwest of Beijing

Supported by the technologies of remote sensing(RS) and geographical informa-tion system(GIS),we chose northwest of Beijing as a study area and gave priority to under-standing of the spatial-temporal characteristics of landscape pattern change through visually interpreted Landsat TM images of 1989,1996 and 2005.It is believed that there were a series of landscape ecological problems caused by city expansion:landscape ecological connec-tivity was low;landscape structure was simplified;the fragmentation of green land patch was more obvious on the plain areas,moreover,spatial distribution of green land was unbalanced.For this reason,this study adopted accumulative cost distance model,combined with eco-system services and spatial interactions of landscape types,analyzed the spatial difference of the ecological function and the compactness of landscape structure in the study area,and further discussed the landscape pattern optimization proposal.We find that it is essential to protect and establish ecological sources,to establish urban ecological corridors,and to es-tablish ecological nodes at the landscape ecological strategic positions so as to intensify spatial relationships among landscape elements and maintain continuity of landscape eco-logical process and pattern in the course of city expansion.The methods and final results from this study are expected to be useful for landscape ecological planning in Beijing region.

Effects of Straw Returning with Different Tillage Patterns on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Utilization

To explore the effects of farming methods,straw returning and their interaction on corn yield and nitrogen utilization,the experiment was conducted for two consecutive years from 2016 to 2017 at the Xiangyang Experimental Base of Northeast Agricultural University in Heilongjiang Province of China.The method of combining farming with straw returning was used and six treatments as rotary tillage(R)+no straw returning(K),rotary tillage(R)+straw returning(S),tillage(T)+no straw returning(K),tillage(T)+straw returning(S),tillage(T)+subsoiling(D)+no straw returning(K)and tillage(T)+subsoiling(D)+straw returning(S)were set to study the effects of different tillage methods and straw returning on corn yield and nitrogen accumulation and utilization.The corn yield,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen transport,grain weight and dry matter accumulation of tillage(T)+subsoiling(D)and tillage(T)were significantly higher than those of rotary tillage(R)treatment.Meanwhile,the corn yield,nitrogen accumulation and dry matter accumulation of TD treatment were significantly higher than those of T treatment;the corn yield,dry matter accumulation,kernel weight,nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen grain production efficiency of S treatment were significantly higher than those of K treatment.Among the treatments,the yield,nitrogen accumulation and utilization efficiency of TDS,TS and TDK were the highest.The yield,nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen transport of TDS were significantly higher than those of TS.In 2016,TDS production increased by 7.30%and 8.20%compared with TS;and TDS nitrogen accumulation increased by 6.78%and 9.50%compared with TS,while the yield and nitrogen grain production efficiency were significantly higher than those of TDK.Therefore,under the conditions of this experiment,on the basis of straw returning,tillage+subsoiling was the suitable farming method.

Deformation patterns and hydrocarbon potential related to intracratonic strike-slip fault systems in the east of Central Uplift Belt in the Tarim Basin

Strike-slip faults,proven to be closely linked to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,are wide-spread in the Tarim Basin Craton.Deformation patterns in the eastern part of the Central Uplift Belt of the Tarim Basin are analyzed in detail to understand the deformation model and genetic mechanism of strike-slip faults,how their patterns impact reservoir formation and influence oil and gas potential.Regional tectonic events are taken into consideration to identify the primary factors that controlled the development of strike-slip faults in the region.The Tazhong Uplift in the eastern part of Central Uplift Belt is believed to be a complex anticlinal uplift formed by compression-and-torsion acting on the Cambrian-Middle Ordovician platform during the middle-late Caledonian period.Multi-stage development of this north-trending fault-fold belt and the NE-trending strike-slip faults make it structurally complex.The NE-trending Paleozoic strike-slip faults were formed jointly by the differential thrusting of the Tazhong Uplift along Fault No.Ⅰand the NE-trending shear sliding of the basal fault blocks during the middle-late Caledonian-early Hercynian.Based on the distribution of effective source rocks,the tectonic setting during the period critical to hydrocarbon accumulation,and the distribution of conductive faults,the northern slope of the Tazhong Upliftd-especially its west-central part where the NE-trending faults are developed is not only located close to the northern hydrocarbon source rock area but also possesses conditions suitable for the development of carbonate reservoirs.In addition,the NE-trending faults provide passage for initial development of the reservoir and the subsequent migration of oil and gas from the Aman area to the uplifted zone,making the Tazhong Uplift an extremely favorable area for oil and gas accumulation with substantial potential for exploration.

Study on cumulative effects of different cultivation patterns on wetland soil environment

Cumulative effects on wetland soils under different cultivation patterns were analyzed in the experimental fields of the Ecological Experimental Station of Mire-wetlands in Sanjiang Plain. The results suggested that the paddy field combined with the glebe to act on the soil environment. Under the combination of natural and anthropological factors, the cultivation of the paddy field and the glebe obviously related with different kinds of fertility factors of soil. The remarkable relation among organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen reflected the fertilization of the soil at some extent.

The role of endothelial biomarkers in predicting damp-heat syndrome in diabetic kidney disease

Objective:To explore the role of endothelial biomarkers in predicting damp-heat syndrome in diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods:A total of 183 patients with DKD were divided into 3 groups:the early DKD group,established DKD group,and advanced DKD group.All patients were classified according to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome type,and clinical indexes were collected for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 183 DKD patients were included in this study.Fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23),chitinase-3-like protein 1(CHI3L1),endocan,tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor(SLPI),and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)were increased in advanced DKD.FGF23,CHI3L1,endocan,SLPI,and TNFR1 showed a negative correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),while they had a positive correlation with 24 h urine protein.After adjusting for age,gender,diabetes duration,body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin,glucose,uric acid,24 h urine protein,cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein,and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),the multiple regression analysis showed that FGF23,endocan,TNFR1,and SLPI significantly correlated with eGFR.Conclusions:FGF23,endocan,TNFR1,and SLPI are elevated in advanced DKD compared with early stage,and they may take part in the pathogenesis and progression of DKD.Our study provides useful biomarkers for predicting the appearance of damp-heat syndrome,including FGF23,endocan,TNFR1,and SLPI.

塔里木盆地台盆区走滑断裂带多层叠加样式及石油地质意义

随着塔里木盆地油气勘探的不断深入,在台盆区古生界发现大规模走滑断裂系统,提出了一种新型断溶体油气藏。受塔里木盆地多期构造运动的影响,走滑断裂表现出多层结构,具有多期叠加活动特征。基于高品质三维地震资料、钻井资料及油气地质资料,对塔里木盆地大型走滑断裂的多层叠加特征及对油气的控制作用展开研究。研究结果表明:塔里木盆地台盆区走滑断裂带在古生界主要发育5个结构层,分别为下寒武统盐下构造层、中寒武统盐构造层、上寒武统—中奥陶统碳酸盐岩构造层、上奥陶统—石炭系碎屑岩构造层和二叠系岩浆岩构造层;受多期构造运动及走滑断裂带活动的影响,5层结构在空间上具有带状分布、垂向叠置、差异叠加的特征;断裂叠加类型多样,总体上可以分为连接型、叠接型、反转叠加型及反转改造型4种;走滑断裂带叠加方式影响了石油地质条件,可形成多层差异聚集油气藏,主要包括Ⅰ型油气藏(奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏)、Ⅱ型油气藏(奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏、志留系碎屑岩油气藏及二叠系岩浆岩油气藏)及Ⅲ型油气藏(寒武系盐下层白云岩油气藏)3种类型。

Peak Load Evaluation Based on the Accumulated Annual Energy

This paper presents a nonlinear approach to estimate the consumed energy in electric power distribution feeders. The proposed method uses the statistical solution algorithm to analyze the active energy monthly consumption, which enables one to estimate the energy consumption during any period of the year. The energy readings and the normalized accumulated energy profile are used to estimate the hourly consumed active power, which can be used for future planning and sizing the equipment of the electrical system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing the simulated results with that of real measured data.

准噶尔盆地侏罗系煤岩气成藏条件及勘探潜力

准噶尔盆地侏罗系西山窑组、八道湾组两套煤层广覆式分布,煤系地层气资源十分丰富。但作为一个全新的天然气领域,盆地煤岩气基础研究薄弱、成藏特征、富集规律及资源规模不清。为探索深部煤岩的含气性,2020年钻探风险探井CT1H井,测试获最高日产气5.7×10^(4)m^(3),试采日产气量稳定在2×10^(4)m^(3),证实煤岩气领域具备高产稳产能力。通过对深部煤岩岩石学特征、煤岩储集性能、演化特征、煤岩气成藏控制因素等系统研究,明确了盆地煤岩演化程度低,属于中—低阶煤,西山窑组煤岩以中—大孔为主,八道湾组煤岩以微—小孔为主;构建了盆地煤岩气古生中储与自生自储两类成藏模式;结合烃源岩、构造、煤岩储层特征及气测异常响应等多种控藏因素对盆地煤岩气潜在领域进行了分类评价,优选了滴南—白家海、齐古两大煤岩气勘探有利区,计算二者2000~4000m埋深煤岩气资源量超万亿立方米。

琼东南盆地陵水北坡LS13-2区勘探思路与突破方向

琼东南盆地陵水凹陷南坡已发现了中央峡谷千亿方级气田,证实了陵水凹陷为富生烃凹陷。而陵水凹陷北坡LS13-2区的岩性圈闭勘探虽然也取得了“点”上的突破,但“见气不见田”,勘探效果不佳。为了明确该地区的油气富集规律和有利区带,以含油气盆地分析为基础,聚焦关键成藏要素,提出了新的勘探思路,并明确了有利成藏区带。研究结果表明:工区成藏条件整体有利,具备“充足烃源、规模储层、高效输导、整体保存”的大-中型油气田形成基础,但对于中新统岩性圈闭勘探来讲,也存在“烃源岩主排烃期早于圈闭定型期,断层垂向输导能力低”的不利因素,据此建立了“早期成藏、岩性圈闭、断-砂输导”三元勘探评价要素,并评价认为探区西部断坡海底扇带具备“原生油气藏、规模岩性圈闭、断-砂高效输导”的有利成藏条件,为最有利成藏区带。

玛湖凹陷及周缘白碱滩组勘探突破与新认识

为明确玛湖凹陷白碱滩组砂体分布规律和油气成藏模式,评价其油气勘探前景,综合钻井、测井、地震、分析化验等资料,系统梳理白碱滩组二段沉积规律和成藏特征。白碱滩组二段为辫状河三角洲—滩坝—浊积扇沉积序列,发育水下分流河道砂、滩坝砂和浊积砂3种不同类型的砂体,辫状河三角洲前缘亚相以河道砂为主,滨—浅湖发育滩坝砂,半深湖—深湖受坡折带控制发育多个浊积扇体,浊积砂呈朵叶状分布,建立了水下分流河道—滩坝—浊积扇的沉积控砂模式。研究区发育9大走滑断裂体系,其中,走滑断裂直通型、走滑断裂伴生型和走滑断裂接力型3种断裂组合能够有效沟通二叠系风城组烃源岩,作为油气垂向高效运移通道,白碱滩组二段整体具有走滑断裂通源、断裂砂体配置控藏和优质储集层富集的成藏模式。

华北赋煤区地热资源富集模式及开发利用方向

【目的】中国是煤炭大国,在煤炭行业迫切需要转型的形势下,研究赋煤区的地热资源成因与分布规律十分必要。华北赋煤区地热资源储量占全国的74.7%,是中国地热资源最富集的区域之一。区内分布有渤海湾盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、沁水盆地和南华北盆地等主要含煤盆地,其岩石圈热状态自东向西逐步降低。地热储包括新生界砂岩孔隙型和寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶-裂隙型两大类型。碳酸盐岩岩溶-裂隙热储温度高、水量大、易于回灌,是煤田区地热勘查与开发利用的优先选择。【方法】针对煤田区地热地质的特点,开展地热系统动力学分析,优选华北赋煤区的地热勘查与开发区域。【结果和结论】提出煤田区有以下4种聚热模式:(1)煤层与碳酸盐岩地层储盖组合传导聚热;(2)基岩面起伏变化传导聚热;(3)断裂带地下水活动对流聚热;(4)碳酸盐岩基岩面风化壳岩溶以及侵入体接触面岩溶对流聚热。并结合实例进行数值模拟分析。在此基础上,指出华北赋煤区地热勘查与开发优先方向是深部碳酸盐岩储层中的地热资源。地热能作为非碳基能源之一,以其储量大、清洁、输出连续的特点,在未来社会对电力、燃料和热力三大能源需求中的热力供应方面尤其可以做出重要贡献,而中国地热与煤炭资源在空间分布上的重叠,使地热开发利用成为煤炭行业转型的有效途径之一。

济阳坳陷沾化东部古—中生界潜山构造样式与成藏模式

济阳坳陷古—中生界潜山经历多期挤压、伸展、走滑及剥蚀等构造作用的叠加,以沾化东部潜山为例,利用丰富的钻井与地震资料,在潜山构造层划分的基础上,剖析了潜山构造演化及构造特征,总结了潜山构造样式,建立了油气成藏模式。研究结果表明,晚古生代以来,在多期不同方向、不同性质构造运动的作用下,沾化东部古—中生界潜山经历了4期挤压作用、2期伸展作用、2期走滑作用、4期剥蚀作用,形成了高位、中位和低位3类潜山,发育了伸展、挤压、走滑与剥蚀4类9种构造样式。依据构造样式及潜山地层残留和上覆盖层的差异,建立了3类潜山成藏模式,其油气来源、油气富集层段及富集特征各不相同,其中高位潜山斜坡带上古生界与中生界、中位潜山下古生界和低位潜山中紧靠油源的潜山各层系油气成藏条件最为有利,油气富集程度高,是研究区下一步重点勘探对象。

高气液比水平井临界携液流量预测新模型

明确气井积液机理和携液规律对于掌握井下流体的流动状态至关重要。目前现场应用的临界携液流量模型较多,但是不同模型计算结果差异较大,Turner等模型计算的长北区块气井携液流量偏大,不利于指导生产。通过开展水平井流动模拟正交实验,捕捉典型流态,发现管斜角在45°~60°出现过渡流,通过编制流态识别程序进一步确定管斜角为46°时开始出现过渡流,此时携液最困难。基于液滴理论,引入井斜修正系数,建立了新的临界携液流量模型,新模型在长北区块气井中具有良好的适用性。新模型敏感性分析结果表明,由强到弱影响气井携液能力的因素依次为油管内径、井底流压、井斜角、井底温度。绘制的临界携液流量图版为后期开展停喷井治理措施的时机提供了依据。