The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Z...The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.展开更多
A yeast strain had been isolated by dilution-plate from the Daqu samples in our study. The strain was identified as a strain of Rhodotorula aurantiaca through observation of its morphological features, micromorphologi...A yeast strain had been isolated by dilution-plate from the Daqu samples in our study. The strain was identified as a strain of Rhodotorula aurantiaca through observation of its morphological features, micromorphological observation and biolog identification system.展开更多
Daqu distiller's grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils,which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development.The single factor t...Daqu distiller's grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils,which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development.The single factor tests were used to investigate the effects of ratio of strains,inoculum size,culture temperature and culture time on the production of microbial oils.The best processing conditions were obtained by orthogonal test through measuring the content of microbial oils in product.The result shows that the microbial oils content of the co-fermented product under the ratio of Trichoderma.koningii to Trichosporon cutaneum of 1:1,the inoculum size of strains of 11% at 28 °C for 6 d is 7.15 g/L.It is shown that the production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller's grains is possible.The research provides a new idea for the reuse of Daqu distiller's grains and also provides a new way for the development of microbial oils.展开更多
为明确山东临沂和河南周口地区中高温大曲细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能的差异,本研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构进行了解析,并基于直系同源蛋白数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)...为明确山东临沂和河南周口地区中高温大曲细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能的差异,本研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构进行了解析,并基于直系同源蛋白数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)分析了其细菌类群潜在的功能。α多样性发现,两者在丰富度和多样性上差异均不显著(P>0.05)。相较于周口地区大曲,在门水平上,临沂地区大曲中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05),在属水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)平均相对丰度显著偏高(P<0.05),地杆菌属(Geobacter)和泛菌属(Pantoea)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05)。LEfSe(linear discriminant analysis effect size)分析发现,Geobacter为周口地区大曲中的生物标志物,而临沂地区大曲中的生物标志物未在属水平体现;β多样性发现,两者在整体上存在明显差异;PICRUSt(phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states)分析发现,临沂地区中高温大曲在转录、氨基酸和核苷转运与代谢功能上显著高于周口地区大曲(P<0.05)。由此可见,2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能表达均存在明显差异。展开更多
为探究湖北襄阳地区高温大曲中芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)菌群多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选高温大曲样品芽孢杆菌相对含量>2.0%的测序数据,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲样品中芽孢杆菌多样性进行...为探究湖北襄阳地区高温大曲中芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)菌群多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选高温大曲样品芽孢杆菌相对含量>2.0%的测序数据,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲样品中芽孢杆菌多样性进行解析。结果表明,高温大曲中芽孢杆菌相对含量>2.0%的样品共有12份,包括8份白色大曲样品和4份黄色大曲样品,所有样品共获得77 825条代表性序列,1 197个操作分类单元(OTUs)。多样性分析结果表明,较之黄色大曲,白色大曲样品中芽孢杆菌的超1指数和发现物种数显著偏高(P<0.05)。OTU分析结果表明,OTU5321和OTU5291在所有样品中均存在,其在白色大曲和黄色大曲中累积包含序列分别占总序列数的49.43%和41.32%。传统纯培养技术分析结果表明,解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)为高温大曲中芽孢杆菌的主要可培养菌种。由此可知,白色大曲芽孢杆菌群落结构的丰富度更高,且解淀粉芽孢杆菌为高温大曲中芽孢杆菌的主要可培养菌种,为后续高温大曲中芽孢杆菌的应用及菌种选育具有指导作用。展开更多
为探究湖北襄阳地区不同颜色高温大曲中葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选葡萄球菌属相对含量>10%的样品序列,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲中葡萄球菌多样性进行解析。...为探究湖北襄阳地区不同颜色高温大曲中葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选葡萄球菌属相对含量>10%的样品序列,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲中葡萄球菌多样性进行解析。结果表明,高温大曲中葡萄球菌相对含量>10%的样品共有13份,包括7份黑色大曲、4份黄色大曲和2份白色大曲,葡萄球菌基因序列相对丰度占所有原核生物的14.33%~74.19%。多样性分析表明,黑色大曲中葡萄球菌丰富度和多样性均显著偏高(P<0.05),且不同颜色高温大曲中葡萄球菌群落结构差异显著(P<0.05)。操作分类单元(OTU)分析表明,高温大曲中共有OTU 5个,累积平均相对含量达到91.38%。传统纯培养技术表明,腐生葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus saprophyticus)是黑色、黄色和白色大曲中共有的可培养菌种,亦是高温大曲中葡萄球菌的主要可培养菌种。由此表明,黑色大曲中葡萄球菌丰富度和多样性更高,且腐生葡萄球菌为高温大曲中葡萄球菌的主要可培养菌种。展开更多
基金supported by the Cooperation Project of Luzhou Laojiao Co.,Ltd.Sichuan University (21H0997)。
文摘The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.
文摘A yeast strain had been isolated by dilution-plate from the Daqu samples in our study. The strain was identified as a strain of Rhodotorula aurantiaca through observation of its morphological features, micromorphological observation and biolog identification system.
基金Project(10A110) supported by Hunan Provincial Education Department of ChinaProject(2010JT4055) supported by Hunan Provincial Science & Technology Department of China
文摘Daqu distiller's grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils,which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development.The single factor tests were used to investigate the effects of ratio of strains,inoculum size,culture temperature and culture time on the production of microbial oils.The best processing conditions were obtained by orthogonal test through measuring the content of microbial oils in product.The result shows that the microbial oils content of the co-fermented product under the ratio of Trichoderma.koningii to Trichosporon cutaneum of 1:1,the inoculum size of strains of 11% at 28 °C for 6 d is 7.15 g/L.It is shown that the production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller's grains is possible.The research provides a new idea for the reuse of Daqu distiller's grains and also provides a new way for the development of microbial oils.
文摘为明确山东临沂和河南周口地区中高温大曲细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能的差异,本研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构进行了解析,并基于直系同源蛋白数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)分析了其细菌类群潜在的功能。α多样性发现,两者在丰富度和多样性上差异均不显著(P>0.05)。相较于周口地区大曲,在门水平上,临沂地区大曲中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05),在属水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)平均相对丰度显著偏高(P<0.05),地杆菌属(Geobacter)和泛菌属(Pantoea)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05)。LEfSe(linear discriminant analysis effect size)分析发现,Geobacter为周口地区大曲中的生物标志物,而临沂地区大曲中的生物标志物未在属水平体现;β多样性发现,两者在整体上存在明显差异;PICRUSt(phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states)分析发现,临沂地区中高温大曲在转录、氨基酸和核苷转运与代谢功能上显著高于周口地区大曲(P<0.05)。由此可见,2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能表达均存在明显差异。
文摘为探究湖北襄阳地区不同颜色高温大曲中葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选葡萄球菌属相对含量>10%的样品序列,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲中葡萄球菌多样性进行解析。结果表明,高温大曲中葡萄球菌相对含量>10%的样品共有13份,包括7份黑色大曲、4份黄色大曲和2份白色大曲,葡萄球菌基因序列相对丰度占所有原核生物的14.33%~74.19%。多样性分析表明,黑色大曲中葡萄球菌丰富度和多样性均显著偏高(P<0.05),且不同颜色高温大曲中葡萄球菌群落结构差异显著(P<0.05)。操作分类单元(OTU)分析表明,高温大曲中共有OTU 5个,累积平均相对含量达到91.38%。传统纯培养技术表明,腐生葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus saprophyticus)是黑色、黄色和白色大曲中共有的可培养菌种,亦是高温大曲中葡萄球菌的主要可培养菌种。由此表明,黑色大曲中葡萄球菌丰富度和多样性更高,且腐生葡萄球菌为高温大曲中葡萄球菌的主要可培养菌种。
