The emergence of ＂Big Data＂ has been a dramatic development in recent years. Alongside it, a lesser-known but equally important set of concepts and practices has also come into being--＂Smart Data.＂ This paper shar...The emergence of ＂Big Data＂ has been a dramatic development in recent years. Alongside it, a lesser-known but equally important set of concepts and practices has also come into being--＂Smart Data.＂ This paper shares the author＇s understanding of what, why, how, who, where, and which data in relation to Smart Data and digital humanities. It concludes that, challenges and opportunities co-exist, but it is certain that Smart Data, the ability to achieve big insights from trusted, contextualized, relevant, cognitive, predictive, and consumable data at any scale, will continue to have extraordinary value in digital humanities.展开更多
A newly developed digital data acquisition system,which is based on the digital pulse processor Pixie-16 modules by XIA LLC,was tested with the c-ray detector array of the China Institute of Atomic Energy using the cr...A newly developed digital data acquisition system,which is based on the digital pulse processor Pixie-16 modules by XIA LLC,was tested with the c-ray detector array of the China Institute of Atomic Energy using the cray source and in-beam c-rays.A comparison between this digital data acquisition system and the conventional analog data acquisition system was made.At a low count rate,both systems exhibit good and comparable energy resolutions.At a high count rate above 8.8 k/s,while the energy resolution obtained by the analog system deteriorates significantly,the energy resolution obtained by the digital system is nearly unchanged.Meanwhile,experimental data with higher statistics can be collected by the digital system.The advantage of this digital system over the conventional analog system can be ascribed to its excellent capability of handling pile-up pulses at higher count rates,and the fact that it has nearly no dead time in data transmission and conversion.展开更多
The National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China has planned to speed up the development of spatial data infrastructure (SDI) in the coming few years.This SDI consists of four types of digital products,i.e.,digit...The National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China has planned to speed up the development of spatial data infrastructure (SDI) in the coming few years.This SDI consists of four types of digital products,i.e.,digital orthophotos,digital elevation models, digital line graphs and digital raster graphs.For the DEM,a scheme for the database building and updating of 1∶10 000 digital elevation models has been proposed and some experimental tests have also been accomplished.This paper describes the theoretical (and/or technical) background and reports some of the experimental results to support the scheme.Various aspects of the scheme such as accuracy,data sources,data sampling,spatial resolution,terrain modeling,data organization,etc are discussed.展开更多
In the paper, for the application of stochastic simulation of ground motion, we put forward a method to determine ″the combined effect of amplification and attenuation″ (combined effect for short) of soft rock site...In the paper, for the application of stochastic simulation of ground motion, we put forward a method to determine ″the combined effect of amplification and attenuation″ (combined effect for short) of soft rock site by using digital seismic data of moderate and small earthquakes. Our approach aims at solving the problem of the combined effect of soft rock site, which is difficult to determine in most regions of China because fewer measures were done for S-wave velocity structure. The combined effect of soft rock site can be determined by using the approach recom- mended by us. An example is given to discuss the practical application of the method.展开更多
An earthquake of M S=6.9 occurred in Gonghe County, Qinghai Province, China on April 26, 1990.This earthquake was followed by three larger aftershocks of M S=5.5 on May 7, 1990, M S=6.0 on Jan.3, 199...An earthquake of M S=6.9 occurred in Gonghe County, Qinghai Province, China on April 26, 1990.This earthquake was followed by three larger aftershocks of M S=5.5 on May 7, 1990, M S=6.0 on Jan.3, 1994, and M S=5.7 on Feb.16, 1994, consecutively. The moment tensors of these earthquakes as function of time were obtained by the technique of moment tensor inversion in frequency domain . The results inverted indicate that these earthquakes had a very similar focal mechanism of predominantly reverse faulting on a plane striking NWW, dipping to SSW.The scalar seismic moments of these earthquakes are M 0=9.4×10 18 Nm for the M S=6.9 event, 8.0×10 16 Nm for the M S=5.5 event, 4.9×10 17 Nm for the M S =6.0 event and 2.9×10 17 Nm for the M S=5.7 event, respectively. The results inverted also show that the source processes of these events were significantly different. The main shock had a very complex process, consisting of two distinct sub events with comparable sizes. The first sub event occurred in the first 12s, having a seismic moment of 4.7×10 18 Nm, and the second one continued from 31s to 41s, having a seismic moment of 2.5×10 18 Nm. In addition, a much smaller sub event, having a seismic moment of about 2.1×10 18 Nm, may exist in the interval of 12 s and 31 s, In contrast, the source processes of the three aftershocks are quite simple. The source time function of each of aftershocks is a single impulse, suggestting that each of aftershocks consists of a mainly uninterrupted rupture. The rise times and total rupture durations are 4 s and 11 s for the M S=5.5 event, 6 s and 16 s for the M S= 6.0 event and 6 s and 13 s for the M S=5.7 event, respectively.展开更多
Reverse engineering in the manufacturing field is a process in which the digitized data are obtained from an existing object model or a part of it, and then the CAD model is reconstructed. This paper presents an RBF n...Reverse engineering in the manufacturing field is a process in which the digitized data are obtained from an existing object model or a part of it, and then the CAD model is reconstructed. This paper presents an RBF neural network approach to modify and fit the digitized data. The centers for the RBF are selected by using the orthogonal least squares learning algorithm. A mathematically known surface is used for generating a number of samples for training the networks. The trained networks then generated a number of new points which were compared with the calculating points from the equations. Moreover, a series of practice digitizing curves are used to test the approach. The results showed that this approach is effective in modifying and fitting digitized data and generating data points to reconstruct the surface model.展开更多
Digital data of precursors is noted for its high accuracy. Therefore, it is important to extract the high frequency information from the low ones in the digital data of precursors and to discriminate between the trend...Digital data of precursors is noted for its high accuracy. Therefore, it is important to extract the high frequency information from the low ones in the digital data of precursors and to discriminate between the trend anomalies and the short-term anomalies. This paper presents a method to separate the high frequency information from the low ones by using the wavelet transform to analyze the digital data of precursors, and illustrates with examples the train of thoughts of discriminating the short-term anomalies from trend anomalies by using the wavelet transform, thus provide a new effective approach for extracting the short-term and trend anomalies from the digital data of precursors.展开更多
川宇公司推出的“移动影霸”(Digltal Data Player V-MP3H)功能十分强大,据有10GB～60GB的海量存储,真是当之无愧的“移动影霸”|其主要功能可概括为:VCD播放、MP3播放、图片浏览和移动存储。有了这个移动影霸,就相当于拥有了便携VCD、...川宇公司推出的“移动影霸”(Digltal Data Player V-MP3H)功能十分强大,据有10GB～60GB的海量存储,真是当之无愧的“移动影霸”|其主要功能可概括为:VCD播放、MP3播放、图片浏览和移动存储。有了这个移动影霸,就相当于拥有了便携VCD、MP3播放器,移动硬盘。 这款“移动影霸”带有2.5英寸真彩16色LCD,所以用户可以十分方便地浏览图片和欣赏VCD电影,而且“移动影霸”可以连接电视机和TFT显示器。要是用“移动影霸”来听MP3就方便了。展开更多
In this paper, I described the methods that I used for the creation of Xlets, which are Java applets that are developed for the IDTV environment;and the methods for online data retrieval and processing that I utilized...In this paper, I described the methods that I used for the creation of Xlets, which are Java applets that are developed for the IDTV environment;and the methods for online data retrieval and processing that I utilized in these Xlets. The themes that I chose for the Xlets of the IDTV applications are Earthquake and Tsunami Early Warning;Recent Seismic Activity Report;and Emergency Services. The online data regarding the Recent Seismic Activity Report application are provided by the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) of Bogazici University in Istanbul;while the online data for the Earthquake and Tsunami Early Warning and the Emergency Services applications are provided by the Godoro website which I used for storing (and retrieving by the Xlets) the earthquake and tsunami early warning simulation data, and the DVB network subscriber data (such as name and address information) for utilizing in the Emergency Services (Police, Ambulance and Fire Department) application. I have focused on the methodologies to use digital television as an efficient medium to convey timely and useful information regarding seismic warning data to the public, which forms the main research topic of this paper.展开更多
Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and in...Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and increasing connectivity and interoperability between distributed or decentralized systems. All above these are involved Foundation Data of Digital city. To promote the sustainable development of Digital City, this paper investigates to the construction of Foundation Data Platform (FDP) from the view of the architecture. The paper introduces the conceptions, characteristics and underlying problems of the FDP, and discusses the key issues of the architecture paradigms what FDP might adopted via comparing Object-Oriented Architecture (OOA), Component-Based Architecture (CBA), and Service-based Architecture (SBA). The Process Embedded Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), one of the recent SOA Application Architecture is introduced. The results indicate that the Process Embedded SOA could promote the sustainable development of Digital City and accommodate the dynamic development environments of different fields which constantly changes requirements.展开更多
1 Introduction Information technology has been playing an ever-increasing role in geoscience.Sphisicated database platforms are essential for geological data storage,analysis and exchange of Big Data(Feblowitz,2013;Zh...1 Introduction Information technology has been playing an ever-increasing role in geoscience.Sphisicated database platforms are essential for geological data storage,analysis and exchange of Big Data(Feblowitz,2013;Zhang et al.,2016;Teng et al.,2016;Tian and Li,2018).The United States has built an information-sharing platform for state-owned scientific data as a national strategy.展开更多
Data pre-deployment in the HDFS （Hadoop distributed file systems） is more complicated than that in traditional file systems. There are many key issues need to be addressed, such as determining the target location of...Data pre-deployment in the HDFS （Hadoop distributed file systems） is more complicated than that in traditional file systems. There are many key issues need to be addressed, such as determining the target location of the data prefetching, the amount of data to be prefetched, the balance between data prefetching services and normal data accesses. Aiming to solve these problems, we employ the characteristics of digital ocean information service flows and propose a deployment scheme which combines input data prefetching with output data oriented storage strategies. The method achieves the parallelism of data preparation and data processing, thereby massively reducing I/O time cost of digital ocean cloud computing platforms when processing multi-source information synergistic tasks. The experimental results show that the scheme has a higher degree of parallelism than traditional Hadoop mechanisms, shortens the waiting time of a running service node, and significantly reduces data access conflicts.展开更多
文摘The emergence of ＂Big Data＂ has been a dramatic development in recent years. Alongside it, a lesser-known but equally important set of concepts and practices has also come into being--＂Smart Data.＂ This paper shares the author＇s understanding of what, why, how, who, where, and which data in relation to Smart Data and digital humanities. It concludes that, challenges and opportunities co-exist, but it is certain that Smart Data, the ability to achieve big insights from trusted, contextualized, relevant, cognitive, predictive, and consumable data at any scale, will continue to have extraordinary value in digital humanities.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0404403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12035001,12075006,11675003)the State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,PKU(No.NPT2020KFY18)。
文摘A newly developed digital data acquisition system,which is based on the digital pulse processor Pixie-16 modules by XIA LLC,was tested with the c-ray detector array of the China Institute of Atomic Energy using the cray source and in-beam c-rays.A comparison between this digital data acquisition system and the conventional analog data acquisition system was made.At a low count rate,both systems exhibit good and comparable energy resolutions.At a high count rate above 8.8 k/s,while the energy resolution obtained by the analog system deteriorates significantly,the energy resolution obtained by the digital system is nearly unchanged.Meanwhile,experimental data with higher statistics can be collected by the digital system.The advantage of this digital system over the conventional analog system can be ascribed to its excellent capability of handling pile-up pulses at higher count rates,and the fact that it has nearly no dead time in data transmission and conversion.
文摘The National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China has planned to speed up the development of spatial data infrastructure (SDI) in the coming few years.This SDI consists of four types of digital products,i.e.,digital orthophotos,digital elevation models, digital line graphs and digital raster graphs.For the DEM,a scheme for the database building and updating of 1∶10 000 digital elevation models has been proposed and some experimental tests have also been accomplished.This paper describes the theoretical (and/or technical) background and reports some of the experimental results to support the scheme.Various aspects of the scheme such as accuracy,data sources,data sampling,spatial resolution,terrain modeling,data organization,etc are discussed.
基金The Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Project under Grant No.2002CB412706 and National Natural Science Foundation of China (50468003).
文摘In the paper, for the application of stochastic simulation of ground motion, we put forward a method to determine ″the combined effect of amplification and attenuation″ (combined effect for short) of soft rock site by using digital seismic data of moderate and small earthquakes. Our approach aims at solving the problem of the combined effect of soft rock site, which is difficult to determine in most regions of China because fewer measures were done for S-wave velocity structure. The combined effect of soft rock site can be determined by using the approach recom- mended by us. An example is given to discuss the practical application of the method.
文摘An earthquake of M S=6.9 occurred in Gonghe County, Qinghai Province, China on April 26, 1990.This earthquake was followed by three larger aftershocks of M S=5.5 on May 7, 1990, M S=6.0 on Jan.3, 1994, and M S=5.7 on Feb.16, 1994, consecutively. The moment tensors of these earthquakes as function of time were obtained by the technique of moment tensor inversion in frequency domain . The results inverted indicate that these earthquakes had a very similar focal mechanism of predominantly reverse faulting on a plane striking NWW, dipping to SSW.The scalar seismic moments of these earthquakes are M 0=9.4×10 18 Nm for the M S=6.9 event, 8.0×10 16 Nm for the M S=5.5 event, 4.9×10 17 Nm for the M S =6.0 event and 2.9×10 17 Nm for the M S=5.7 event, respectively. The results inverted also show that the source processes of these events were significantly different. The main shock had a very complex process, consisting of two distinct sub events with comparable sizes. The first sub event occurred in the first 12s, having a seismic moment of 4.7×10 18 Nm, and the second one continued from 31s to 41s, having a seismic moment of 2.5×10 18 Nm. In addition, a much smaller sub event, having a seismic moment of about 2.1×10 18 Nm, may exist in the interval of 12 s and 31 s, In contrast, the source processes of the three aftershocks are quite simple. The source time function of each of aftershocks is a single impulse, suggestting that each of aftershocks consists of a mainly uninterrupted rupture. The rise times and total rupture durations are 4 s and 11 s for the M S=5.5 event, 6 s and 16 s for the M S= 6.0 event and 6 s and 13 s for the M S=5.7 event, respectively.
文摘Reverse engineering in the manufacturing field is a process in which the digitized data are obtained from an existing object model or a part of it, and then the CAD model is reconstructed. This paper presents an RBF neural network approach to modify and fit the digitized data. The centers for the RBF are selected by using the orthogonal least squares learning algorithm. A mathematically known surface is used for generating a number of samples for training the networks. The trained networks then generated a number of new points which were compared with the calculating points from the equations. Moreover, a series of practice digitizing curves are used to test the approach. The results showed that this approach is effective in modifying and fitting digitized data and generating data points to reconstruct the surface model.
文摘Digital data of precursors is noted for its high accuracy. Therefore, it is important to extract the high frequency information from the low ones in the digital data of precursors and to discriminate between the trend anomalies and the short-term anomalies. This paper presents a method to separate the high frequency information from the low ones by using the wavelet transform to analyze the digital data of precursors, and illustrates with examples the train of thoughts of discriminating the short-term anomalies from trend anomalies by using the wavelet transform, thus provide a new effective approach for extracting the short-term and trend anomalies from the digital data of precursors.
文摘川宇公司推出的“移动影霸”(Digltal Data Player V-MP3H)功能十分强大,据有10GB～60GB的海量存储,真是当之无愧的“移动影霸”|其主要功能可概括为:VCD播放、MP3播放、图片浏览和移动存储。有了这个移动影霸,就相当于拥有了便携VCD、MP3播放器,移动硬盘。 这款“移动影霸”带有2.5英寸真彩16色LCD,所以用户可以十分方便地浏览图片和欣赏VCD电影,而且“移动影霸”可以连接电视机和TFT显示器。要是用“移动影霸”来听MP3就方便了。
文摘In this paper, I described the methods that I used for the creation of Xlets, which are Java applets that are developed for the IDTV environment;and the methods for online data retrieval and processing that I utilized in these Xlets. The themes that I chose for the Xlets of the IDTV applications are Earthquake and Tsunami Early Warning;Recent Seismic Activity Report;and Emergency Services. The online data regarding the Recent Seismic Activity Report application are provided by the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) of Bogazici University in Istanbul;while the online data for the Earthquake and Tsunami Early Warning and the Emergency Services applications are provided by the Godoro website which I used for storing (and retrieving by the Xlets) the earthquake and tsunami early warning simulation data, and the DVB network subscriber data (such as name and address information) for utilizing in the Emergency Services (Police, Ambulance and Fire Department) application. I have focused on the methodologies to use digital television as an efficient medium to convey timely and useful information regarding seismic warning data to the public, which forms the main research topic of this paper.
基金This work is supported by the MIC ( Ministry of Information and Communication) , Korea ,under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the IITA(Institute of Information Technolo-gy Assessment)
文摘Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and increasing connectivity and interoperability between distributed or decentralized systems. All above these are involved Foundation Data of Digital city. To promote the sustainable development of Digital City, this paper investigates to the construction of Foundation Data Platform (FDP) from the view of the architecture. The paper introduces the conceptions, characteristics and underlying problems of the FDP, and discusses the key issues of the architecture paradigms what FDP might adopted via comparing Object-Oriented Architecture (OOA), Component-Based Architecture (CBA), and Service-based Architecture (SBA). The Process Embedded Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), one of the recent SOA Application Architecture is introduced. The results indicate that the Process Embedded SOA could promote the sustainable development of Digital City and accommodate the dynamic development environments of different fields which constantly changes requirements.
基金granted by the National Science&Technology Major Projects of China(Grant No.2016ZX05033).
文摘1 Introduction Information technology has been playing an ever-increasing role in geoscience.Sphisicated database platforms are essential for geological data storage,analysis and exchange of Big Data(Feblowitz,2013;Zhang et al.,2016;Teng et al.,2016;Tian and Li,2018).The United States has built an information-sharing platform for state-owned scientific data as a national strategy.
基金The Ocean Public Welfare Scientific Research Project of State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No.20110533
文摘Data pre-deployment in the HDFS （Hadoop distributed file systems） is more complicated than that in traditional file systems. There are many key issues need to be addressed, such as determining the target location of the data prefetching, the amount of data to be prefetched, the balance between data prefetching services and normal data accesses. Aiming to solve these problems, we employ the characteristics of digital ocean information service flows and propose a deployment scheme which combines input data prefetching with output data oriented storage strategies. The method achieves the parallelism of data preparation and data processing, thereby massively reducing I/O time cost of digital ocean cloud computing platforms when processing multi-source information synergistic tasks. The experimental results show that the scheme has a higher degree of parallelism than traditional Hadoop mechanisms, shortens the waiting time of a running service node, and significantly reduces data access conflicts.
