This paper investigates the problem of almanac affecting the signal acquisition time with two constraints: different age of data and multi-sets of almanac. The contributions made in this paper include: 1) the exploiti...This paper investigates the problem of almanac affecting the signal acquisition time with two constraints: different age of data and multi-sets of almanac. The contributions made in this paper include: 1) the exploiting of signal acquisition concept to extend well-known almanac function of predicting visible satellite and initializing signal acquisition to minimizing the signal acquisition time; 2) a model based on code phase and Doppler frequency to reflect the impact of multi-sets of almanac on the signal acquisition time; 3) the evaluation of the existing GPS almanac with different broadcast strategy. The theoretical analyses and simulations conducted on three sets of almanac show that the model proposed in this paper is general and efficient for almanac design and application.展开更多
Extracting the neutral hydrogen （HI） signal is a great challenge for cosmological 21 cm experiments; both the astrophysical foregrounds and receiver noise are typically several orders of magnitude greater than the 2...Extracting the neutral hydrogen （HI） signal is a great challenge for cosmological 21 cm experiments; both the astrophysical foregrounds and receiver noise are typically several orders of magnitude greater than the 21 cm signal. However, the different properties of the 21 cm signal, foreground and noise can be exploited to separate these components. The foregrounds are generally smooth or correlated over the frequency space along a line of sight （LOS）, while both the 21 cm signal and noise vary stochastically along the same LoS. The foreground can be removed by filtering out the smooth component in frequency space. The receiver noise is basically uncorrelated for observations at different times, hence for surveys it is also uncorrelated in different directions, while the 21 cm signal, which traces the large scale structure, is correlated up to certain scales. In this exercise, we apply Wiener filters in frequency and angular space to extract the 21 cm signals. We found that the method works well. Inaccurate knowl- edge about the beam could degrade the reconstruction, but the overall result is still good, showing that the method is fairly robust.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2010CB731800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(GrantNo.60879012/F01)
文摘This paper investigates the problem of almanac affecting the signal acquisition time with two constraints: different age of data and multi-sets of almanac. The contributions made in this paper include: 1) the exploiting of signal acquisition concept to extend well-known almanac function of predicting visible satellite and initializing signal acquisition to minimizing the signal acquisition time; 2) a model based on code phase and Doppler frequency to reflect the impact of multi-sets of almanac on the signal acquisition time; 3) the evaluation of the existing GPS almanac with different broadcast strategy. The theoretical analyses and simulations conducted on three sets of almanac show that the model proposed in this paper is general and efficient for almanac design and application.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFE0100300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11473044,U1501501,U1631118 and 11633004)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ-SSW-SLH017)support by the CSC Cai Yuanpei grant
文摘Extracting the neutral hydrogen （HI） signal is a great challenge for cosmological 21 cm experiments; both the astrophysical foregrounds and receiver noise are typically several orders of magnitude greater than the 21 cm signal. However, the different properties of the 21 cm signal, foreground and noise can be exploited to separate these components. The foregrounds are generally smooth or correlated over the frequency space along a line of sight （LOS）, while both the 21 cm signal and noise vary stochastically along the same LoS. The foreground can be removed by filtering out the smooth component in frequency space. The receiver noise is basically uncorrelated for observations at different times, hence for surveys it is also uncorrelated in different directions, while the 21 cm signal, which traces the large scale structure, is correlated up to certain scales. In this exercise, we apply Wiener filters in frequency and angular space to extract the 21 cm signals. We found that the method works well. Inaccurate knowl- edge about the beam could degrade the reconstruction, but the overall result is still good, showing that the method is fairly robust.
