The increasing rate of insecurity in Nigeria, especially the southwest requires a paradigm shift from popular approach to crime hotspots detection. This study employed geospatial technologies to integrate spatio-tempo...The increasing rate of insecurity in Nigeria, especially the southwest requires a paradigm shift from popular approach to crime hotspots detection. This study employed geospatial technologies to integrate spatio-temporal crime, social media and field observation data from the communities in all the six states in the southwest to develop crime hotspots that can serve as preliminary information to assist in allocating resources for crime control and prevention. Historical crime data from January 1972 to April, 2021 were compiled and updated with rigorous field survey in September, 2021. The field data were encoded, input to the SPSS 17 and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. A total 936 crime locations data were geolocated and exported to ArcGIS 10.5 for spatial mapping using point map operation and further imported to e-Spatial web-based and QGIS for the generation of hotspot map using heatmap tool. The results revealed that armed robbery, assassination and cultism were more pronounced in Lagos and Ogun States. Similarly, high incidences of farmers/herdsmen conflicts are observed in Oyo and Osun States. Increasing incidences of kidnapping are common in all the south-western states but very prominent in Ondo, Lagos and Oyo States. Most of the violent crime incidents took place along the highways, with forests being their hideouts. Violent crimes are dominantly caused by high rate of unemployment while farmer/herdsmen conflicts were majorly triggered by the scarcity of grazing fields and destruction of arable crops. The conflicts have resulted in the increasing cases of rape and disruption of social group, intake of hard drugs, cult-related activities, low income and revenue generation, and displacement of farmers and infrastructural damages. The study advocates regular retraining and equipping of security agents, establishment of cattle ranch, and installation of sophisticated IP Camera at the crime hotspots to assist in real-time crime monitoring and management.展开更多
[目的/意义]对大数据时代国内外个人信息保护的研究热点和演化趋势进行了总结和回顾,旨在为相关领域的研究提供参考和启示。[方法/过程]运用文献计量法和科学知识图谱法,基于CNKI和Web of Science数据库,以ITGInsight为主体工具,再辅之G...[目的/意义]对大数据时代国内外个人信息保护的研究热点和演化趋势进行了总结和回顾,旨在为相关领域的研究提供参考和启示。[方法/过程]运用文献计量法和科学知识图谱法,基于CNKI和Web of Science数据库,以ITGInsight为主体工具,再辅之Gephi、Excel、SATI等科学计量与知识网络分析软件,对大数据领域国内外个人信息保护研究领域的热点分布、主题演化以及研究内容进行分析。[结果/结论]大数据时代国内外个人信息保护相关研究主题分布广泛、演化规律较为复杂,呈现出显著的变化趋势,在未来的研究中,需要综合考虑技术、法律、政策等多个方面的因素,以构建更加全面、系统的个人信息保护体系。展开更多
目的通过对国外档案数据研究的分析,了解国外相关研究的现状,根据研究热点的变化,在一定程度上推测国外今后的研究方向。方法选取Web of Science作为数据来源,对国外关于档案数据2013—2023年的文献通过可视化软件CiteSpace从年代分布...目的通过对国外档案数据研究的分析,了解国外相关研究的现状,根据研究热点的变化,在一定程度上推测国外今后的研究方向。方法选取Web of Science作为数据来源,对国外关于档案数据2013—2023年的文献通过可视化软件CiteSpace从年代分布、期刊、重要作者、研究热点等方面进行统计分析。结果国外对于档案数据的研究一直处于较高的水准,以将档案数据应用于社会科学领域、自然科学领域和档案学领域为主。结论国外未来的研究趋势应是探索长期保存档案数字资源的方法以及加大档案数据研究的深度。展开更多
在当今数字化和智能化的时代背景下,人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)已成为科技创新的重要引擎,总结探讨AI研究的最新趋势和未来发展方向具有重要的研究和现实意义.为此,对2021—2023年间在中国计算机学会(CCF)推荐的AI领域CCF-A...在当今数字化和智能化的时代背景下,人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)已成为科技创新的重要引擎,总结探讨AI研究的最新趋势和未来发展方向具有重要的研究和现实意义.为此,对2021—2023年间在中国计算机学会(CCF)推荐的AI领域CCF-A类国际会议和期刊所发表论文的研究成果进行收集,并在此基础上采用文献计量学的方法论来通过关键词对研究热点进行分析,进行基于高频关键词分析研究热点、基于新增关键词分析研究趋势、基于引用量加权的关键词分析高影响力研究,可以梳理AI研究的主流方向、发现AI主要研究方向的相互联系和交叉融合的特点.此外,对当前研究热点如大语言模型(large language model,LLM)、AI驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)和视觉生成相关论文的关联热点进行分析,可以挖掘技术路径和方法论的演变,展现技术创新背后的科学理论和应用前景,从而进一步揭示AI研究的最新趋势和发展前景.展开更多
针对出租车随意停靠造成城市交通拥堵甚至交通事故的问题,利用成都实际区域的出租车GPS(Global Position System)数据和爬取的POI(Point of Interest)数据,使用DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise)聚...针对出租车随意停靠造成城市交通拥堵甚至交通事故的问题,利用成都实际区域的出租车GPS(Global Position System)数据和爬取的POI(Point of Interest)数据,使用DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise)聚类算法对上下客点进行聚类,得到出租车的载客热点,根据POI的类型划定载客热点区域的类型,对出租车不同时间的出行需求进行分析,进而划分出出租车的固定停车区域。研究结果表明,出租车固定停车区域的设定与出行者的出行需求有关,即将固定停车区域设置在出行者出行需求多的区域,可以满足出行者的不同出行需求。结合出租车载客热点和爬取POI数据划定固定停车区域的方法具有较高的实用性,可为城市交通安全方面提供理论和现实意义。展开更多
Hotspots (active fires) indicate spatial distribution of fires. A study on determining influence factors for hotspot occurrence is essential so that fire events can be predicted based on characteristics of a certain a...Hotspots (active fires) indicate spatial distribution of fires. A study on determining influence factors for hotspot occurrence is essential so that fire events can be predicted based on characteristics of a certain area. This study discovers the possible influence factors on the occurrence of fire events using the association rule algorithm namely Apriori in the study area of Rokan Hilir Riau Province Indonesia. The Apriori algorithm was applied on a forest fire dataset which containeddata on physical environment (land cover, river, road and city center), socio-economic (income source, population, and number of school), weather (precipitation, wind speed, and screen temperature), and peatlands. The experiment results revealed 324 multidimensional association rules indicating relationships between hotspots occurrence and other factors.The association among hotspots occurrence with other geographical objects was discovered for the minimum support of 10% and the minimum confidence of 80%. The results show that strong relations between hotspots occurrence and influence factors are found for the support about 12.42%, the confidence of 1, and the lift of 2.26. These factors are precipitation greater than or equal to 3 mm/day, wind speed in [1m/s, 2m/s), non peatland area, screen temperature in [297K, 298K), the number of school in 1 km2 less than or equal to 0.1, and the distance of each hotspot to the nearest road less than or equal to 2.5 km.展开更多
文摘The increasing rate of insecurity in Nigeria, especially the southwest requires a paradigm shift from popular approach to crime hotspots detection. This study employed geospatial technologies to integrate spatio-temporal crime, social media and field observation data from the communities in all the six states in the southwest to develop crime hotspots that can serve as preliminary information to assist in allocating resources for crime control and prevention. Historical crime data from January 1972 to April, 2021 were compiled and updated with rigorous field survey in September, 2021. The field data were encoded, input to the SPSS 17 and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. A total 936 crime locations data were geolocated and exported to ArcGIS 10.5 for spatial mapping using point map operation and further imported to e-Spatial web-based and QGIS for the generation of hotspot map using heatmap tool. The results revealed that armed robbery, assassination and cultism were more pronounced in Lagos and Ogun States. Similarly, high incidences of farmers/herdsmen conflicts are observed in Oyo and Osun States. Increasing incidences of kidnapping are common in all the south-western states but very prominent in Ondo, Lagos and Oyo States. Most of the violent crime incidents took place along the highways, with forests being their hideouts. Violent crimes are dominantly caused by high rate of unemployment while farmer/herdsmen conflicts were majorly triggered by the scarcity of grazing fields and destruction of arable crops. The conflicts have resulted in the increasing cases of rape and disruption of social group, intake of hard drugs, cult-related activities, low income and revenue generation, and displacement of farmers and infrastructural damages. The study advocates regular retraining and equipping of security agents, establishment of cattle ranch, and installation of sophisticated IP Camera at the crime hotspots to assist in real-time crime monitoring and management.
文摘[目的/意义]对大数据时代国内外个人信息保护的研究热点和演化趋势进行了总结和回顾,旨在为相关领域的研究提供参考和启示。[方法/过程]运用文献计量法和科学知识图谱法,基于CNKI和Web of Science数据库,以ITGInsight为主体工具,再辅之Gephi、Excel、SATI等科学计量与知识网络分析软件,对大数据领域国内外个人信息保护研究领域的热点分布、主题演化以及研究内容进行分析。[结果/结论]大数据时代国内外个人信息保护相关研究主题分布广泛、演化规律较为复杂,呈现出显著的变化趋势,在未来的研究中,需要综合考虑技术、法律、政策等多个方面的因素,以构建更加全面、系统的个人信息保护体系。
文摘目的通过对国外档案数据研究的分析,了解国外相关研究的现状,根据研究热点的变化,在一定程度上推测国外今后的研究方向。方法选取Web of Science作为数据来源,对国外关于档案数据2013—2023年的文献通过可视化软件CiteSpace从年代分布、期刊、重要作者、研究热点等方面进行统计分析。结果国外对于档案数据的研究一直处于较高的水准,以将档案数据应用于社会科学领域、自然科学领域和档案学领域为主。结论国外未来的研究趋势应是探索长期保存档案数字资源的方法以及加大档案数据研究的深度。
文摘在当今数字化和智能化的时代背景下,人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)已成为科技创新的重要引擎,总结探讨AI研究的最新趋势和未来发展方向具有重要的研究和现实意义.为此,对2021—2023年间在中国计算机学会(CCF)推荐的AI领域CCF-A类国际会议和期刊所发表论文的研究成果进行收集,并在此基础上采用文献计量学的方法论来通过关键词对研究热点进行分析,进行基于高频关键词分析研究热点、基于新增关键词分析研究趋势、基于引用量加权的关键词分析高影响力研究,可以梳理AI研究的主流方向、发现AI主要研究方向的相互联系和交叉融合的特点.此外,对当前研究热点如大语言模型(large language model,LLM)、AI驱动的科学研究(AI for Science)和视觉生成相关论文的关联热点进行分析,可以挖掘技术路径和方法论的演变,展现技术创新背后的科学理论和应用前景,从而进一步揭示AI研究的最新趋势和发展前景.
文摘针对出租车随意停靠造成城市交通拥堵甚至交通事故的问题,利用成都实际区域的出租车GPS(Global Position System)数据和爬取的POI(Point of Interest)数据,使用DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise)聚类算法对上下客点进行聚类,得到出租车的载客热点,根据POI的类型划定载客热点区域的类型,对出租车不同时间的出行需求进行分析,进而划分出出租车的固定停车区域。研究结果表明,出租车固定停车区域的设定与出行者的出行需求有关,即将固定停车区域设置在出行者出行需求多的区域,可以满足出行者的不同出行需求。结合出租车载客热点和爬取POI数据划定固定停车区域的方法具有较高的实用性,可为城市交通安全方面提供理论和现实意义。
文摘Hotspots (active fires) indicate spatial distribution of fires. A study on determining influence factors for hotspot occurrence is essential so that fire events can be predicted based on characteristics of a certain area. This study discovers the possible influence factors on the occurrence of fire events using the association rule algorithm namely Apriori in the study area of Rokan Hilir Riau Province Indonesia. The Apriori algorithm was applied on a forest fire dataset which containeddata on physical environment (land cover, river, road and city center), socio-economic (income source, population, and number of school), weather (precipitation, wind speed, and screen temperature), and peatlands. The experiment results revealed 324 multidimensional association rules indicating relationships between hotspots occurrence and other factors.The association among hotspots occurrence with other geographical objects was discovered for the minimum support of 10% and the minimum confidence of 80%. The results show that strong relations between hotspots occurrence and influence factors are found for the support about 12.42%, the confidence of 1, and the lift of 2.26. These factors are precipitation greater than or equal to 3 mm/day, wind speed in [1m/s, 2m/s), non peatland area, screen temperature in [297K, 298K), the number of school in 1 km2 less than or equal to 0.1, and the distance of each hotspot to the nearest road less than or equal to 2.5 km.