Effect of Egyptian Date Palm Pollen (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and Its Hydroethanolic Extracts on Serum Glucose and Lipid Profiles in Induced Diabetic Rats

Diabetes is a major health global problem that has reached alarming levels. The present study aims for studying the effect of date palm pollen (Phoenix dactylifera L.) El-Hayani cultivar on serum glucose and lipids profile in induced diabetic male albino rats. Palm pollen chemically analyzed besides chemical constituents, mineral contents, polyphenols and flavonoids. Male Albino rats (36 rats weight 170-190 gm) were divided into 6 groups. 1: Normal control (-), 2: Alloxanized diabetes control (+) (150 mg/Kg rat body weight). Diabetic groups 3 and 4 had 0.5%, 1.0% date palm pollen, respectively, also diabetic groups 5 and 6 had 100 ppm, 200 ppm date palm pollen extract, respectively. At the end of the experiment (4 weeks) rats were fasted overnight and anesthetized and blood samples were taken for analysis of serum glucose, lipids profile and renal-hepatic function parameters, relative organ weight data obtained are statistically analysis. Results showed that the major polyphenolic components were that e-vanillic acid (16.33 mg/100 g), pyrogallol (15.02 mg/100 g), epicatechin (11.04 mg/100 g), catechin (10.96 mg/100 g). While, date palm pollen was rich in hesperidin (8.84 mg/100 g), Kaempferol 3,2 p-coumaroyl glucose (6.92 mg/100 g), hesperitin (5.10 mg/100 g), rutin (3.11mg/100 g) as flavonoids components. Date palm pollen has high content of protein, calcium and iron (30.87 g/100 g, 510.82 and 236.50 mg/100 g), respectively. Also, serum glucose decreased significantly in diabetic groups (3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively) (179.47, 137.80, 156.77, 145.47 mg/100 mL, respectively). Lipids profile, renal and liver functions were improved significantly (P < 0.05) in diabetic groups which had date palm pollen or its extracts. It is concluded that the dried date palm pollen 1% in the diet and 200 ppm extract are more effective compared with controlling diabetes mellitus, also improve renal and liver functions. Diabetics are advised to eat date palm pollen and are considered treatment foods for Diabetes Mellitus.

Effect of Aqueous Extract of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>Pollen on Dopamine System of Nucleus Accumbens in Male Rats

Background: Dopamine has been known to facilitate male sexual function. Methods: The effect of aqueous extract (140 mg/kg) of Phoenix dactylifera date palm pollen on sexual behavior and determining of dopamine transmission in the nucleus accumbens was studied in male rats using in vivo microdialysis. Results: Releasing of dopamine increased significantly in the nucleus accumbens when a receptive female was introduced behind a screen (p 0.001). During copulation, dopamine increased markedly in control and treated rats. Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm Pollen enhanced the orientation of males towards females by increasing mounting and ano-genital investigatory behavior. Improving of sexual behavior and dopamine release was higher in treated rats in comparison with control (p 0.001). Conclusion: These results indicate a neurochemical basis for interaction between dopaminergic agents and male sexual behavior. Therefore, Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm Pollen seems to act as a dopamine agonist and to cure male infertility. It can be used as an aphrodisiac that leads to further increases in dopamine release.

椰枣花粉离体萌发及花粉贮藏方法分析

本研究以椰枣雄株花粉为材料,采用L9(34)正交设计法筛选最佳观察椰枣花粉萌发时间和适宜椰枣花粉离体萌发培养基;研究椰枣花粉干燥时间、贮藏温度和贮藏时间对花粉萌发率的影响。结果表明,椰枣花粉萌发最佳观察时间段为2~4 h;处理1培养基50 g/L蔗糖+0.1 g/L硼酸+0.05 g/L氯化钙效果最佳,其中3因素对椰枣花粉萌发影响大小依次为硼酸、蔗糖、氯化钙;花粉在35℃中干燥8 h最适宜贮藏;当贮藏时间为10~50 d时,常温贮藏的花粉萌发率低甚至无萌发的现象,低于4℃条件下贮藏花粉萌发率均保持较高,无显著差异;当在4℃条件下,10、20、30 d花粉萌发率均无显著差异,当在-20℃,-80℃条件下,10、20、30、40 d花粉萌发率均无显著差异,花粉均保持较高的萌发率,在低温贮藏中随着贮藏时间的延长花粉萌发率逐渐下降。本研究可为椰枣花粉活力检测和贮藏提供技术支撑,同时为今后在椰枣引种推广中的花粉贮藏和人工授粉提供科学依据和实践意义。