Components of Essential Oils in Different Parts of Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm

The components of the essential oils obtained from different parts of Daacus carota L.var. saliva Hoffm were analyzed. The percentages of the essential oils extracted are 0. 27% （ mL/100 g material） for the flowers, 0. 0/% for the stems and leaves and 0. 01% for the roots. Fifty-four, Sixty-six and Thirty-three compounds were,respectively, separated and identified from the flowers, the stems and leaves and the roots, among which unsaturated alkene compounds are thirty-nine, thirty-nine and twenty-one, respectively, accounting in turn for up to 90. 21%, 90. 49% and 72. 65% of the total essential oils. Because alkene compounds have double bonds that are easily oxidized, it can he inferred that the components of the essential oils in the different parts of Daucus carota L. var. saliva Hoffm should show an activity of the antioformation of free radicals to some extent.

Synthesis of betanin by expression of the core betalain biosynthetic pathway in carrot

Betalain has received increased attention because of its high nutritional value and crucial physiological functions.Based on the elucidation of its core biosynthetic pathway,betalain can be produced in additional plants by metabolic engineering.Synthesis of betalain in carrot(Daucus carota L.)can improve its nutritional quality and economic value by extracting betalain from the fleshy root,non-edible part,and processing residue of carrot.In this study,two different constructs,namely,pYB:mCD(AomelOS,BvCYP76AD1S,and BvDODA1S)and p YB:CDD(BvCYP76AD1S,BvDODA1S,and MjcDOPA5GTS),were introduced into carrot for betanin synthesis by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Betanin can be synthetized in both transgenic calli,and p YB:m CD-transgenic callus can be used to produce betacyanin by suspension culture.However,pYB:mCD-transgenic seedlings can synthetize betanin only by tyrosine feeding.The p YB:CDD-transgenic lines can synthetize betanin in whole plants.The betanin content in fleshy root of pYB:CDD-transgenic carrot was(63.4±9)μg·g^(-1)fresh weight according to quantitative analysis.These betanin-producing carrot plant materials can be used to synthesize betanin for industrial application or consumption as dietary sources.

胡萝卜DcZDS基因的克隆和表达分析

以黄色胡萝卜‘黄珊瑚’(19071)、橙色胡萝卜‘新黑田五寸’(C1)、红色胡萝卜‘玫瑰红’(17106)为试材,采用生物信息学方法,研究了3个品种胡萝卜克隆得到的DcZDS基因编码的氨基酸组成和理化性质及其肉质根在不同发育阶段DcZDS基因的相对表达量,以期为DcZDS基因对番茄红素合成的影响提供参考依据。结果表明:3个品种胡萝卜DcZDS基因的cDNA全长均为1722 bp,编码573个氨基酸;DcZDS基因编码蛋白的理化性质基本相同,均属于亲水性且不稳定的蛋白;编码蛋白的二级结构主要包含α-螺旋和无规则卷曲,且主要在叶绿体中发挥作用,是一种非分泌性蛋白;系统进化树分析发现,胡萝卜DcZDS基因与芹菜DcZDS的亲缘关系最近。在肉质根发育的不同时期DcZDS基因的表达量均呈现先升高后降低的模式,但在肉质根发育的65 d时,DcZDS在红色肉质根中的表达量显著高于橙色和黄色肉质根,说明DcZDS的高表达促进了番茄红素在红色胡萝卜中的积累。